10 June 1942 | A group of prisoners of the penal company at #Auschwitz who were digging the main draining ditch at the Auschwitz II-Birkenau camp, decided to escape. About 50 Poles started to run, only 9 managed to flee the pursuit. Some were later captured. | THREAD
Aleksander Buczyński, on the 4th day after the escape he was captured by German gendarmes near Mysłowice. During the investigation he was incarcerated in Block 11. He was executed on 14 July 1942.
Tadeusz Chróścicki managed to swim across the Vistula river and after a long march, thanks to assistance provided by the Poles encountered on the way, he crossed the border of the General Government. He remained in hiding in Radom. He survived.
August Kowalczyk managed to cross the Vistula river and hide thanks to the assistance of the Poles he met. Then he crossed the border of the General Government. He was a soldier in the Home Army. He survived.
Jan Laskowski broke free from the chase. However he was caught on 28 July 1942 in Tarnów and deported to Auschwitz again.
Jerzy Lachecki (Łachecki) fled the pursuers and survived the war.
Józef Pamrow fled the pursuers but on 27 February 1943 he was captured and sent to Auschwitz again. He was shot during his next escape attempt.
Zenon Piernikowski fled the pursuers. His further fate remains unknown.
Eugeniusz Stoczewski was captured by German gendarmes on 14 June 1942 near Mysłowice. During the investigation he was held in Block 11 at Auschwitz I. He was shot on 14 July 1942.
Józef Traczyk perished on 10 June during the chase.
Our online lesson describes the geographical location of the Auschwitz camp, its security system, alarm system, repressions faced by captured escapees, the collective revolts and finally tells the stories of 25 escapes. lekcja.auschwitz.org/en_15_ucieczki/
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16 April 1947 | SS-Obersturmbannführer Rudolf Höss, the first commandant of the German Nazi camp #Auschwitz was executed by hanging after he was sentenced to death by the Supreme National Tribunal in Warsaw.
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Rudolf Höss was born in Baden-Baden on 25 November 1901. He joined the Nazi Party in 1922 and the SS in 1934. He started his career in Dachau in December 1934, then he worked in KL Sachsenhausen. en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rudolf_H%…
In May 1940 Rudolf Höss was appointed by Heinrich Himmler as the commandant of a new concentration camp created in occupied Polish territory annexed to the Third Reich - #Auschwitz.
6 April 1944 | The Gestapo under the direction of SS-Hauptsturmführer Klaus Barbie raided the Jewish orphanage in French town of #Izieu. 44 children and their 7 educators were taken to #Drancy & later deported to #Auschwitz. Only one person survived.
Beate and Serge Klarsfeld, who brought Klaus Barbie to justice in 1983, later wrote: "Forty-four children deported - no mere statistic, but rather forty-four tragedies which continue to cause us pain ..."
In this photo you can see the children on the balcony of the children's home in Izieu, summer 1943. Seated in the center, in the second row from the bottom is Laja Feldblum. She was the only survivor of the Gestapo raid on the children's home on 6 April 1944.
Jozef & Wiktoria Ulma risked their lives to help Jews during the #Holocaust. On 24 March 1944 the German police discovered the Jews in hiding.
The Jewish family was shot, as was the entire Ulma family - parents & 6 children. Wiktoria was 7 months pregnant.
March 24 - the anniversary of the murder of the Ulma family - is today in Poland the National Day of Remembrance of Poles who saved Jews during German occupiation. See this thread to learn about #Righteous linked with #Auschwitz.
#Auschwitz survivors Zofia Kossak-Szczucka and Władysław Bartoszewski were honoured for their work in "Żegota" - the Polish Council to Aid Jews en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BBego…
At least 1.3 million people were deported to Auschwitz: 1,1 mln Jews, 150k Poles, 23k Roma, 15k Soviet POWs & 25k others (incl. almost 400 Jehova's witnesses and at least 77 homosexuals). Around 1,1 million people were murdered in Auschwitz, 90% Jews.
Out of 1,3 million deported, ca. 900,000 Jews were murdered in gas chambers after arrival & 400,000 people became prisoners of the camp. The estimated number of people murdered in the Auschwitz camp: 1 mln Jews, 75k Poles, 21k Roma, 14k Soviet POWs & 12k others.
Jews deported to Auschwitz according to their country of origin
Among the 400 thousand people who were registered in #Auschwitz as prisoners there were:
200,000 Jews
140,000 Poles
21,000 Roma & Sinti
12,000 Soviet POWs
9,000 Czechs
6,000 Belarussians
4,000 Germans
4,000 French
1,500 Russians
& others
There were also several thousand Poles, Roma & Soviet POWs deported to #Auschwitz & killed there without registration.
Out of over 400k people imprisoned in #Auschwitz, ca. 200,000 lost their lives: 100k Jews, 75k Poles, 21k Roma & Sinti, 14k Soviet POWs & over 10k others.
11 November 1941 | On the Polish Independence Day the Germans carried out the first execution by shooting in the yard of Block 11 of the #Auschwitz camp. 76 people were shot in the back of their heads - almost all of them Poles. 1/5
Among the executed on 11 November 1941 there were 27 prisoners kept in bunkers of Block 11 for various offenses & 49 prisoners summoned from the camp by the Political Department (camp Gestapo). 2/5
The victims had to undress completely inside Block 11 washrooms. Then their hands were tied. Before the execution, their numbers were written on their chests or their thighs. They were shot in the back of their heads by SS-Hauptscharführer Gerhard Palitzsch. 3/5
25 May 1948 | Witold Pilecki was executed in Warsaw. A Polish soldier in 1920 & 1939 wars, volunteer prisoner of the German #Auschwitz camp, co-founder of camp resistance. He escaped in April 1943 & wrote a report about the crimes in the camp. lekcja.auschwitz.org/en_16_ruch_opo…
After his escape #Pilecki participated in the Warsaw Uprising, he was a POW at Lamsdorf & Murnau camps. After the war in the Polish II Corps of gen. Władysław Anders in Italy. During the communist terror in Poland sentenced to death & murdered on 25 May 1948.
"I've been trying to live my life so that in the hour of my death I would rather feel joy, than fear." (Witold Pilecki)