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Tucker Goodrich Profile picture
@TuckerGoodrich
Jun 17 • 7 tweets • 2 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
1/ "High concentrations of LA (either unoxidized or oxidized) appeared to exhibit cytotoxicity, as evidenced by the observed decrease in cell viability with increasing LA concentration.
2/ "In this case, the unoxidized LA appeared to have a bigger impact than the oxidized LA over most of the concentration range studied."

That's surprising!

#lcl6 Image
3/ Hmm... "However, the number and morphology of the lipoprotein particles formed depended on the oxidation state of the lipid: the lipoproteins formed in the presence of oxidized LA were smaller, more numerous, and more irregularly shaped...

@realDaveFeldman
4/ "...than those formed in the presence of unoxidized LA."

"...it is possible that the unoxidized and oxidized forms of LA had different effects on the “fusion” mechanism mentioned above thereby resulting in different sizes and types of lipoproteins being formed."
5/ They were looking at cell barrier integrity:

"...the cell monolayer integrity (TEER) decreased significantly during 24 h incubation (Fig. 3)."

"...the microvilli and tight junctions of the enterocyte monolayer appeared to be damaged after exposure to the oxidized LA." Image
6/ "In particular, this study stresses the importance of using high quality polyunsaturated lipids that have low levels of oxidation as dietary sources."
7/7 "Adverse effects of linoleic acid: Influence of lipid oxidation on lymphatic transport of citrus flavonoid and enterocyte morphology"

doi.org/10.1016/j.food…

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More from @TuckerGoodrich

Tucker Goodrich Profile picture
Jun 19
1/ Amazing set of studies on diet and athletic performance, from 1977:

"Metabolic responses to exhaustive exercise in racing sled dogs fed diets containing medium, low, or zero carb."

doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/3…

@doctorinigo @Alan_Couzens @zbitter @KetoCarnivore @ProfTimNoakes
2/ Especially their conclusion:

"The greater tendency of humans than dogs to develop ketosis on a high fat, low carbohydrate diet indicates that humans adapt less readily to such diets (3, 10, 48, 49).
3/ "These comparisons of metabolic responses to diet, training and exercise in dogs, rats and humans lead us to suggest that endurance performance should be studied in humans allowed accommodation periods of 20 weeks or more...
Read 4 tweets
Tucker Goodrich Profile picture
Jun 18
1/ On @realDaveFeldman 's Energy Model and Lean-Mass Hyper Responders:

"Serum cholesterol concentration was 160 ± 30 mg/100 ml on the predominantly cereal diet D . It increased significantly (P < 0.05) when [lower-carb] diet A, B, and C were introduced (Fig. 2)....

@nicknorwitz Image
2/ "The higher levels of cholesterol attenuated with time but rose again when training abated after 24 weeks (Fig. 2). The differences between diets A and C were consistently significant (P < 0 .05), but the mean serum cholesterol values of [X] fed diet B were never... Image
3/ "...significantly different from corresponding means for [X] fed diets A or C. Four [X] developed serum cholesterol levels that were 4 to 17 SD higher than the means for the other members in each group (Fig. 3)." Image
Read 10 tweets
Tucker Goodrich Profile picture
Jun 8
1/ Moving the needle on what causes obesity.

(This is a very dense paper.)

It blows a large hole in the CICO story. "Eat less, move more" is a problem when your body turns down the thermostat.

You can't "move more" (AEE) enough. Image
2/ What they found is that we have seen a decline in human metabolism over the last few decades, despite an INCREASE in activity.

This is paralleled by a decline in body temperature (!).

@fire_bottle Image
3/ What caused it? It's not carbohydrate, it's not protein...



It's the fat. Specifically, the shift from saturated to unsaturated fat over the last many decades. Image
Read 7 tweets
Tucker Goodrich Profile picture
May 22
Cardiologists: Lots of cholesterol in atherosclerotic plaques means cholesterol causes heart disease. Don't eat cholesterol!

Also cardiologists: Lots of linoleic acid in plaques means you should eat more linoleic acid! It'll cure those plaques!

#lcl6 1/
2/ Image
3/ Image
Read 5 tweets
Tucker Goodrich Profile picture
May 16
1/ A cardiologist will tell you:

A low-fat diet is healthy.

Lp(a) is a marker for CVD risk.

Lp(a) is genetic.
2/ "Thirty-seven healthy women were fed two diets. Both diets contained a reduced amount of total and saturated fat. In addition, one diet was low in vegetables and the other was high in vegetables, berries, and fruit. The dietary intake of total fat was...
3/ "...70 g per day at baseline and decreased to 56 g (low-fat, low-vegetable diet) and to 59 g (low-fat, high-vegetable diet). The saturated fat intake decreased from 28 g to 20 g and to 19 g, and the amount of polyunsaturated fat intake increased...
Read 6 tweets
Tucker Goodrich Profile picture
Apr 18
1/ A few thoughts on ApoB.

It's something we're programmed for, genetically.

It's a fundamental component of digestion and energy distribution. (@realDaveFeldman)

So if it causes CVD, then CVD is a genetic disease.

#lcl6 h/t @jimolsen717
2/ If CVD is genetic, then we should see the current rate of CVD (~50% of deaths) in all human populations.

We don't.

This is demonstrated repeatedly, best here:



Where various genetic populations have near-zero CVD in their natural environment.
3/ We only see CVD in populations consuming higher amounts of linoleic acid, and, best, low levels of animal fats.

doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2… Image
Read 13 tweets

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