1/ "Human and animal studies support that consuming a high level of linoleic acid (LA, 18:2ω-6), an essential fatty acid and key component of the human diet, increases the risk of colon cancer."

#lcl6 @kevinfolta @talkingbiotech 2/ "Given the importance of LA in the human diet, it is crucial to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying its potential colon cancer-promoting effects."

Fascinating new book I am reading, suggested by Tom Brenna. I'm learning from every page.

open.substack.com/pub/tuckergood…
@SBakerMD @KetoCarnivore @bendormiki

Paradox! 🤣🤣🤣

1/ "Paradoxically, the increases in body weight, particularly in Western countries, occurred during a period of emphasis on diets low in fat as a means for avoiding weight gain.... 2/ "These dietary recommendations were based largely on the concept that high-fat diets were less satiating (39) and that reducing dietary fat reduced risk for cardiovascular disease by lowering circulating fat and cholesterol (5)....

Why?

1/ "The evidence for cardiovascular benefit in these drugs is very strong, and the prescribing labels for them are being updated to include reduction in stroke and other cardiovascular events."

"GLP-1 Agonists For the Kidney"



#lcl6science.org/content/blog-p… 2/ "Recently [2019], several GLP-1 receptor agonists have been found to have cardiovascular benefit independent of their glucose lowing ability. Liraglutide is one of clinically approved effective GLP-1 receptor agonists."

1/ Farmed salmon have become fat bags of canola oil.

"The average total lipid content of the farmed salmon muscle was found to be four times that of the wild salmon (8.97 ± 0.63% and 2.14 ± 0.32%, respectively)." 2/ They're full of linoleic acid:

"Furthermore, LA, ...[is] present in large quantities in both farmed salmon and the feed. OA, LA, and ALA are most commonly found in plant sources, and together with C16:0 they are the main constituents in rapeseed oil (Sharafi et al., 2015).

1/ Why is it difficult for folks to determine the effects of seed oils?

Take this paper:

"4-HNE Immunohistochemistry and Image Analysis for Detection of Lipid Peroxidation in Human Liver Samples Using Vitamin E Treatment in NAFLD as a Proof of Concept"

#lcl6 2/ It's from @NIH .



Take the introduction:

"Lipid peroxidation is the process in which oxidants, such as free radicals, react with double bonds in the carbon chain of fatty acids, especially polyunsaturated fatty acids.... doi.org/10.1369/002215…

1/ They claim @RobertKennedyJr is a nut.

I came across this interview with him, where he made some claims, so I did a point audit.

"Kennedy on Vaccine Skepticism: "We Don't Have A Priesthood Here," "Americans Are In Charge Of Our Own Lives"

realclearpolitics.com/video/2023/06/… 2/ Claim 1: "You mentioned chicken pox. So, when CDC was thinking of recommending the chicken pox vaccine and mandating it for children, they did a study. And the scientist they hired to do that study was Dr. Gary Goldman, a contract scientist. He did the study in an isolated...

1/ Amazing set of studies on diet and athletic performance, from 1977:

"Metabolic responses to exhaustive exercise in racing sled dogs fed diets containing medium, low, or zero carb."

doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/3…

@doctorinigo @Alan_Couzens @zbitter @KetoCarnivore @ProfTimNoakes 2/ Especially their conclusion:

"The greater tendency of humans than dogs to develop ketosis on a high fat, low carbohydrate diet indicates that humans adapt less readily to such diets (3, 10, 48, 49).

1/ On @realDaveFeldman 's Energy Model and Lean-Mass Hyper Responders:

"Serum cholesterol concentration was 160 ± 30 mg/100 ml on the predominantly cereal diet D . It increased significantly (P < 0.05) when [lower-carb] diet A, B, and C were introduced (Fig. 2)....

@nicknorwitz 2/ "The higher levels of cholesterol attenuated with time but rose again when training abated after 24 weeks (Fig. 2). The differences between diets A and C were consistently significant (P < 0 .05), but the mean serum cholesterol values of [X] fed diet B were never...

1/ "High concentrations of LA (either unoxidized or oxidized) appeared to exhibit cytotoxicity, as evidenced by the observed decrease in cell viability with increasing LA concentration. 2/ "In this case, the unoxidized LA appeared to have a bigger impact than the oxidized LA over most of the concentration range studied."

That's surprising!

#lcl6

1/ Moving the needle on what causes obesity.

(This is a very dense paper.)

It blows a large hole in the CICO story. "Eat less, move more" is a problem when your body turns down the thermostat.

You can't "move more" (AEE) enough. 2/ What they found is that we have seen a decline in human metabolism over the last few decades, despite an INCREASE in activity.

This is paralleled by a decline in body temperature (!).

@fire_bottle

Cardiologists: Lots of cholesterol in atherosclerotic plaques means cholesterol causes heart disease. Don't eat cholesterol!

Also cardiologists: Lots of linoleic acid in plaques means you should eat more linoleic acid! It'll cure those plaques!

#lcl6 1/ 2/

1/ A cardiologist will tell you:

A low-fat diet is healthy.

Lp(a) is a marker for CVD risk.

Lp(a) is genetic. 2/ "Thirty-seven healthy women were fed two diets. Both diets contained a reduced amount of total and saturated fat. In addition, one diet was low in vegetables and the other was high in vegetables, berries, and fruit. The dietary intake of total fat was...

1/ A few thoughts on ApoB.

It's something we're programmed for, genetically.

It's a fundamental component of digestion and energy distribution. (@realDaveFeldman)

So if it causes CVD, then CVD is a genetic disease.

#lcl6 h/t @jimolsen717 2/ If CVD is genetic, then we should see the current rate of CVD (~50% of deaths) in all human populations.

We don't.

This is demonstrated repeatedly, best here:

https://twitter.com/TuckerGoodrich/status/846829660998651904?s=20

Where various genetic populations have near-zero CVD in their natural environment.

Does Ted Ryce Know the Truth About Seed Oils?

He asked folks to retweet this thread, so I'm going to, with some commentary.

tldr: No, he doesn't. Keep reading, Ted.

https://twitter.com/ted_ryce/status/1628364627087183873

No, Ted, it's been going on for much longer than that. Paul Chek hardly started it.

"Before we jump in, I want you to know that this debate has been going on for over 20 years."

https://twitter.com/ted_ryce/status/1628365484465827840?s=20

#duh 1/ Dieticians are corrupt.

"@eatright and its foundation... received food industry fundings via sponsorships, which are in effect quid pro quos. In a 2015 email, an Academy employee defined a sponsorship as “When a company pays a fee to the Academy/Foundation in return... 2/ "...for Academy/Foundation defined specific rights and benefits.”

"The email reveals the Academy in 2015 was in a sponsorship deal with Abbott and was discussing how the Academy could use its dietitians’ influence in pediatricians’ offices to push Pediasure...

1/15 Remember TMAO? #Vegan claim it comes from meat, and is bad for you, promoting heart disease.

"TMAO: A Toxic Substance Formed When You Eat Meat Can Make You … Dead Meat"
forksoverknives.com/wellness/tmao-…

Written by an MD! 2. Problem was, the most cardioprotective diet includes lots of fish, and fish are the best source for TMAO:

"Fish consumption yields a greater increase in urinary TMAO compared to red meat."

"The Relationship between Fish Intake and Urinary [TMAO]"
doi.org/10.1002/mnfr.2…

1/ "Conventional soybean oil (CSO)... predominantly contains linoleic acid (LA; C18:2), a n-6 PUFA. Recently, a modified soybean oil (MSO) enriched in oleic acid (C18:1), a n-9 MUFA, has been developed, because of its improved chemical stability to oxidation."

#lcl6 2/ "The CSO diet decreased plasma lipid levels and the cholesterol content of VLDL and LDL by approximately 18% (p &lt; 0.05), likely from increased hepatic levels of PUFA, which favorably regulated genes involved in cholesterol metabolism...."

@FatEmperor @realDaveFeldman

1/ "Only a few previous studies have examined head-to-head the extent of excess risk explained through high concentrations of remnant cholesterol or triglycerides (substitute markers for high VLDL cholesterol) and high concentrations of LDL cholesterol separately... 2/ "...(18, 19), and none have used directly measured concentrations of both VLDL cholesterol and LDL cholesterol. Consequently, it is presently unknown to what extent directly measured cholesterol in large and small VLDLs, in IDL, and in LDL in head-to-head comparison...

Can we trust PhDs?

1/ Claim: "No upper limit (UL) has been set for linoleic acid because of a lack of a defined intake establishing adverse affects (2)."

Reference 2: “An upper boundary for linoleic acid is set at 10 percent of energy for three reasons: ...(3) high intakes 2/ "...of linoleic acid create a pro-oxidant state that may predispose to several chronic diseases, such as CHD and cancer."

Read both snapshots.

Hat tip to @MDVilntfluid for getting me to take another look at Whelan.

#lcl6

#COVID19 wasn't bad enough. This is #Fauci's parting gift...

1/ "We generated chimeric recombinant SARS-CoV-2 encoding the S gene of Omicron in the backbone of an ancestral SARS-CoV-2 isolate and compared this virus with the naturally circulating Omicron variant..." 2/ "The Omicron S-bearing virus robustly escapes vaccine-induced humoral immunity, mainly due to mutations in the receptor-binding motif (RBM), yet unlike naturally occurring Omicron, efficiently replicates in cell lines and primary-like distal lung cells."