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Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
@CraigBaird
Jun 18, 2023 • 5 tweets • 3 min read • Read on X
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It is #IndigenousHistoryMonth and this is the story of Pitseolak Ashoona, one of Canada's most celebrated artists.

Pitseolak was born around 1904 on Nottingham Island (south of Baffin Island). Her name means sea pigeon in Inuktitut. Her family lived a traditional life.

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In 1923, she married Ashoona and together they had 17 children. After he died in 1940, she coped with the loss by turning to art. She said art made her "the happiest since he died."
It would be art that would help her support her family.

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Completely self-taught, she was one of the first artists to make drawings for the print studio at Cape Dorset. From 1960 onwards, she produced more than 7,000 images. These images typically focused on the pre-contact life of the Inuit.

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In 1974, she was accepted into the Royal Canadian Academy of Arts and in 1977 was awarded the Order of Canada.
In 1973, the NFB made a documentary about her.
She passed away in Cape Dorset on May 28, 1983.
In 1993, she was featured on a Canada Post stamp.

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Her work has been featured at the National Gallery of Canada, the Canadian Museum of History, the Art Gallery of Ontario, the Smithsonian & the Vancouver Art Gallery.
In 2020, she was a finalist to be depicted on Canada's $5 bill.

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More from @CraigBaird

Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Nov 20
While we tend to think of the K*K*K as something that only existed in the United States, there was a period of time in the 1920s when the group was very large, and politically powerful, in Western Canada.
Let's learn more about this dark time.

🧵1/12 The image is a black-and-white photograph of an individual dressed in a ceremonial robe and hat, associated with a specific organization. The person is standing outdoors, with a background that includes trees and possibly residential buildings. The attire includes a long robe with a distinctive pattern on the hem and a hat with a cross emblem. The text at the bottom of the image reads, "Dr. W. K. Blair, Imperial Klaziff, Knights of Ku Klux Klan, Vancouver, B.C." This indicates the individual's rank and affiliation with the Knights of Ku Klux Klan, a historical organization known f...
Throughout this thread, I will refer to the group as K3 since the other name may get flagged.
When K3 sprang up in Canada, it was a bit different from the American version.
Rather than focusing on Blacks, it focused mostly on French-Canadians, immigrants and Catholics.

🧵2/12 The image is a black-and-white photograph depicting a group of individuals dressed in robes and tall, pointed hats, associated with the Ku Klux Klan. The scene appears to be an indoor gathering or ceremony, with several Klan members standing in a line at the front, some holding flags bearing the Union Jack. Behind them, a large Union Jack banner is draped across the wall. The room is filled with an audience seated in chairs, observing the event. The setting and attire suggest a formal or ceremonial occasion, likely from the early to mid-20th century, reflecting the historical presence and a...
The K3 began farther to the east in Canada at first in the early-1920s.
In 1926, dynamite was detonated in a catholic church in Barrie, Ontario.
The man caught said he was ordered to blow up the church by K3.

🧵3/12 The image is a black-and-white photograph showing three individuals dressed in robes and tall, pointed hats associated with the Ku Klux Klan. They are standing outdoors in front of a building with a circular facade and columns, possibly an official or historical structure. Two of the individuals are holding a large flag bearing the Union Jack. The attire and flag suggest a formal or ceremonial context, likely from the early to mid-20th century. The setting and the presence of the Union Jack indicate this photograph might have been taken in a Commonwealth country where the Klan had a presenc...
Read 13 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Nov 18
On this day in 1882, The Sherlock Holmes of Saskatchewan, Frances Gertrude McGill, was born.
She went on to influence the development of forensic pathology and solved several unsolved crimes.
Let's learn more about her :)

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Born in Minnedosa, Manitoba, both of her parents died from typhoid fever in 1900 after visiting a county fair and drinking contaminated water.
As an adult, McGill studied medicine at the University of Manitoba. She earned her degree in 1915 and worked in Winnipeg.

🧵2/12 The image is a black and white portrait of an older woman with short, wavy hair, wearing glasses. She is dressed in a dark-colored top with a light-colored blouse or shirt underneath. The photograph has a classic, vintage feel, likely from the mid-20th century, given the style of clothing and the quality of the photograph. The woman is looking directly at the camera with a slight smile.
In 1918, she joined the Saskatchewan Department of Health just as the Spanish Flu was raging across Canada.
Two years later, she became a provincial pathologist in Saskatchewan. In 1922, she became the director of the provincial laboratory.

🧵3/12 The image is a black and white photograph of an individual wearing a white lab coat, holding a test tube or similar laboratory glassware. The person appears to be in a laboratory setting, indicated by the equipment and setup in the background. The photograph has a vintage quality, suggesting it might be from the mid-20th century. The individual is focused on the task at hand, possibly conducting a scientific experiment or analysis.
Read 13 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Nov 17
Bluenose was such an icon of Canada that it now appears on our dime.
A champion schooner, she became the pride of Canada.
But then she was sold to work to work as a freighter, and left to rot on a reef near Haiti.
Let's learn more about her :)

🧵1/16 The image depicts a vintage photograph of a large sailing ship with multiple masts and sails fully unfurled, navigating through the water. The ship has the number "2" on its sail, indicating it might be participating in a race or regatta. The background shows a distant shoreline with some buildings and possibly other boats, suggesting it is near a coastal area. The photograph has a sepia tone, giving it an old, historical feel.
The story of Bluenose begins in 1920 when she was designed by William James Roue to both fish and race.
Initially, she was designed with a waterline length of 36.6 metres, which was 2.4 metres too long for competition. She was redesigned to fix that problem.

🧵2/16 The image is a sepia-toned photograph of a sailing ship with multiple masts and sails, captured at a tilted angle, possibly due to strong winds or rough seas. The ship appears to be navigating through choppy waters, with waves visible in the foreground. In the background, there is a distant shoreline with some structures or buildings, indicating the ship is not far from land. The overall scene suggests a historical maritime setting, possibly from the late 19th or early 20th century.
Built of Nova Scotian pine, spruce, birch and oak, her masts were made from Douglas fir.
During the keel-laying ceremony, the Governor General, the Duke of Devonshire, drove a golden spike into the timber.
In all, she cost $35,000 to build.

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Read 17 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Nov 15
Sometimes referred to as Main Street Ontario, Yonge Street is one of the most famous streets in Canada.
Running from the Holland River to Queens Quay, the street is 86 km long.
Let's learn more about its construction :)

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In 1793, during the War of the First Coalition, Upper Canada Lt. Governor John Simcoe worried that the United States would attack Canada in support of France. Wanting a more defensible capital, he established York, present-day Toronto.

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With the new settlement, Simcoe planned to construct two connected roads. One would run from York to Lake Simcoe, the other connecting Lake Simcoe with Georgian Bay.
The road from Lake Simcoe to York became known as Yonge Street.

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Read 14 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Nov 13
In the mid-1500s, noblewoman Marguerite de La Rocque was marooned on the Isle of Demons in the Gulf of St. Lawrence by her relative who wanted her fortune.
She survived for years on her own before she was rescued.
Let's learn her story :)

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It is not known when or where Marguerite was born. It is believed she was born around 1515 somewhere in France.
Her relative (some sources say cousin, others brother or uncle) Jean-Francois de La Rocque de Roberval was made Lt. Governor of New France in 1541.

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On the voyage over to France with her relative, Marguerite became romantically involved with a man on the ship. Roberval was displeased at Marguerite, who was unmarried, and decided to leave her on the Isle of Demons in the St. Lawrence River as punishment.

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Read 10 tweets
Craig Baird - Canadian History Ehx Profile picture
Nov 11
On this day in 1918, at 10:58 a.m., George Lawrence Price died after he was shot by a German sniper. His death came two minutes before the end of the First World War.
He was the last Canadian killed in the war.
Let's learn more about him and his life.

🧵1/8 The image shows an old black-and-white photograph of a man wearing a military uniform. The uniform includes a peaked cap with an insignia, a high-collared jacket with epaulets, and several buttons running down the front. There are visible badges on the shoulders and possibly other insignia on the uniform. The photograph appears to be aged, with some visible wear and marks. The background is plain and typical of portrait photography from an earlier era, likely the early to mid-20th century.
Price was born in Falmouth, Nova Scotia on Dec. 15, 1892. Raised in Port Williams, he was the third child to his parents James and Annie Price.
On Oct. 15, 1917, he was conscripted to fight in the war with the 28th Battalion (Northwest).

🧵2/8 The image is a sepia-toned photograph of a man dressed in formal attire from an earlier era. He is wearing a suit with a high-collared shirt and a tie. The photograph has a vintage look, suggesting it might be from the early to mid-20th century. The man's hair is neatly combed, and he has a serious expression on his face. The background is plain, typical of formal portrait photography of that time period.
On Nov. 11, 1918 at 4 a.m., his battalion was ordered to advance from Frameries and continue to Havre, securing all the bridges on the Canal du Centre.
They were able to reach their position along the canal by 9 a.m., with little in the way of German resistance.

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Read 9 tweets

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