Thread by @anabology

Joseph Knoll created the healthiest stimulants of any generation.

1. Deprenyl - The first “longevity drug”.

2. (-)PPAP - Unknown to most, this should replace Adderall/Ritalin in our society.

Let’s go on a journey through schizophrenia and bath salts to show why:🧵

(-)PPAP is the most interesting stimulant I’ve seen and should replace Adderall.

If you view Adderall as a rising tide of dopamine, PPAP just makes the waves bigger.

This makes PPAP 100% superior for adaptation and learning.

Joseph Knoll termed this ‘wave’ analogy “catecholamine activity enhancement”.

With Adderall, dopamine is released constantly.

In contrast, PPAP just releases more dopamine when it would be naturally released.

This means “dopamine dips” are still possible.

Remember the bath salts guy who ate someone’s face?

He did it because had no “dopamine dips”, and therefore had no discrimination learning.

Discrimination learning in humans kind of goes like this:

You hold a belief and find out it’s true: ☝️Dopamine spikes.

You hold a belief and find out it’s false: 👇Dopamine dip.

If you have too much of a stimulant such as Adderall (or bath salts), every thought is immediately confirmed as true.

If you have an intrusive thought: “This helicopter is following me!”, then your dopamine dips, you can see that it’s untrue.

Without the dopamine dip, the thought is instantly confirmed.

This is now your reality.

Reality is belief.

In a state of no dopamine dips, if I look at someone and think “demon”, I will SEE a demon.

Likewise, schizophrenics have chronically high dopamine levels and lose discrimination learning, leading to hallucination and belief-driven perception.

The ‘bath salts man’ could not biochemically deny the truth of any thoughts, so he was living in a world completely created by his mind.

This is due to the removal of the phasic nature of dopamine.

Adderall pushes you in that direction.

With Adderall, you lose a bit of your discrimination learning, which is required for proper perception and adaptation.

PPAP gives you all the stimulatory benefits, but allows you to have dopamine dips.

Adaptation and learning is MUCH better on PPAP vs Adderall.

Why isn’t this a drug that’s available?

Well, it was an academic at first who made it, and why make another Adderall if it’s working so well?

Wait.. maybe Adderall actually isn’t:

Adderall/Ritalin have undoubtedly been helpful to millions, and they definitely make you feel good.

I’m not sure if people haven’t developed PPAP because they just don’t know about it, or if the US is structured to have drugs just be ‘good enough’.

Regardless, you can take away the idea of discrimination learning.

-Be careful of confirmation bias while on Adderall/Ritalin. It’s enhanced.

-If you’re doing tasks that require highly adaptive learning, skip the Adderall.

The situation in which Adderall/Ritalin help memory are those in which you were completely disinterested before taking them.

In everything else, you’d be better without them.

I feel this is intuitive to those with ADHD, who ‘hyperfocus’ on their interests without stimulants.