The weapons and vehicles with which the apartheid regime gunned down over 170 South African school children in #Soweto 1976 came from West Germany.

East Germany (the #DDR), on the other hand, had been a leading supporter of the anti-apartheid struggle. A very brief thread:
The apartheid troops that were deployed to suppress the #sowetouprising drove trucks made by the West German Mercedes-Benz corporation. Their weapons had been delivered by West Germany, which maintained close relations with the apartheid regime until the very end.
We recently interviewed the anti-apartheid militant Ronnie Kasrils, who recounted his experiences & impression of the socialist states' solidarity with the ANC.
Kasrils was 1 of hundreds of anti-apartheid militants to receive military training in the #DDR.
ifddr.org/en/interview-r…
In the interview, he describes the ideological and material basis of the solidarity and cooperation between the socialist states and the national liberation struggle. He also recounts his impressions of the GDR and discusses some of the reasons for its stagnation by the 1980s. Image
"Comrades, solidarity is a two-way street. It is not just that we come here from South Africa and we receive solidarity from the GDR or the Soviet Union. It is what we can also provide them: they require this steadfast support, this alliance – ... "
" ... for example, through the ‘non-aligned movement’ which is progressive and anti-imperialist, which the socialist countries support and don’t simply see as neutral between two camps."
The full interview is also available on YouTube:

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More from @_IFDDR

Jun 20
Unrest in West Germany: On 20 June 1948, a secretly planned economic reform is implemented in the Western occupied zones of Germany. A new USD-tied currency (the “Deutsche Mark”) is introduced to facilitate the flow of US capital into Germany as part of the Marshall Plan.
🧵 1/ Image
This currency reform has two major consequences. First, it triggers a massive increase in prices throughout the economy, as pre-existing price controls are swept away, and wages remain frozen.
(Photo: Munich, August 1948)
2/ Image
Months of social unrest follow. In October 1948, the US military even resorts to the deployment of tanks and tear gas to disperse protesters calling for the nationalization of industries in Stuttgart.
3/ Image
Read 8 tweets
Jun 19
On 19 June 1953, Ethel & Julius #Rosenberg were executed by the federal government of the USA.
Here, Victor Grossman, a journalist and former US soldier that defected to the socialist camp in 1952, recalls his impression of the Rosenberg case and the solidarity of the #DDR.
Ethel and Julius #Rosenberg were were convicted of espionage and sentenced to death by electrocution at the Sing Sing prison in New York. Following their conviction, an international campaign for clemency unfolded in both the capitalist West and the socialist East. Image
Prominent figures such as Albert Einstein, Frida Kahlo, Jean Cocteau, Bertolt Brecht & Pablo Picasso advocated for leniency, yet President Eisenhower refused to back down.
Read 5 tweets
Jun 1
@John68Richmond No: The UK had pushed for the partition of Germany since 1941 & the US since 1943. The USSR resisted this idea throughout the war, including during negotiations at the Potsdam Conference – that's why the Agreement states Germany is to be "regarded as a single economic entity”. 1/
@John68Richmond As top US diplomat George Kennan wrote in an internal document in the summer of 1945, “Better a partitioned Germany, of which at least the western part acts as a buffer for the forces of totalitarianism, than a united Germany which lets these forces again reach the North Sea.” 2/
@John68Richmond Or as Erich Köhler, the first President of the West German parliament, later said, “We reject the unity of Germany if this allows the socialist forces to rule over the whole country.” Or Konrad Adenauer: “Better half of Germany whole than the whole of Germany half.” 3/
Read 6 tweets
Nov 12, 2022
Friday, 12 November 1948: Following months of social unrest in the Western occupied zones of Germany, 9 million workers lay down their tools in the country’s largest strike since 1920. The workers’ demands are wide-ranging: ...
1/ “For the unity of Germany” & “An economic policy for t
▪️The socialization of key industries and credit institutes
▪️The introduction of economic planning & management in the commercial-industrial sector
▪️Democratization of the economy and greater say for the unions
▪️Declaration of and measures to relieve the economic emergency
2/
The economy in West Germany had been spiralling downwards for months after the Western powers introduced a surprise currency reform in June 1948 to facilitate the Marshall Plan, which sought to open up Western Europe to massive US investments.
3/
Read 10 tweets
Oct 7, 2022
73 yrs ago #OTD, the German Democratic Republic was founded as a democratic, antifascist reaction to WW2 & the subsequent restoration of monopoly capitalism in West Germany.
Although it existed for only 40 yrs, the #DDR offers progressive movements a wealth of knowledge today.
1/
Far from representing a separatist state and Soviet-style regime as the dominant narrative today would have it, the #DDR was founded in East Germany after the Western powers snuffed out all attempts to form a unified, neutral, parliamentary republic in post-war Germany.
2/
In violation of the Potsdam Agreement, the capitalist powers occupying West Germany disregarded the stipulation that Germany was to be regarded as “a single economic entity” & they refused to break up the monopolies that financed Nazi rule, despite referenda on the issue.
3/
Read 14 tweets
Jun 30, 2022
#OTD: 30 June 1946. In the first direct democratic initiative in post-war Germany, over three-quarters of the voters (77.7%) in Saxony approve the expropriation of large monopolies and corporations without compensation to eliminate the economic basis of German imperialism.
1/
This measure sought to rip out the roots of German fascism, as it had been the magnates & landed nobility that had bolstered the rise of fascism to suppress class struggle & promote monistic ideals of a class-less “German folk” with a right to "Lebensraum" in the East.
2/
A year prior to the expropriation of industrial monopolies, a comprehensive land reform had been carried out by the peasants themselves to seize the large holdings of the Junker nobility and redistributed them to the small peasants and landless migrant families.
3/
Read 13 tweets

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