Leon Simons (looking up) Profile picture
Jun 21, 2023 5 tweets 3 min read Read on X
I like to imagine a world where people care as much about the North Atlantic Ocean, as about a small vessel lost inside of it. Image
Here's a 8567 pixel #ShowYourStripes from the North Atlantic Ocean since 2000.

June 20 pales the warming from recent years: Image
Also see the Ocean Heat Content stripes.

Because about 90% of the heat from global warming goes into heating the oceans, this is one of the clearest signs of our warming world.

From @Lijing_Cheng et al.: Image
@Lijing_Cheng And here's 12,000 years of stripes!

From 6000 years ago until the industrial revolution the planet cooled down, even though greenhouse gases increased! (likely due to aerosol emissions, which helped stabilize Holocene climate!) Image
@Lijing_Cheng @ed_hawkins From study by @MichaelPErb et al.
Full resolution and study available here:

cp.copernicus.org/articles/18/25… Image

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More from @LeonSimons8

Jan 27
Fossil fuels contain sulphur, which is released when burned. Scientists have known about the cooling effect of sulphur for decades.

This partially hides greenhouse gas warming.

But the scale of cooling and the decoupling of CO₂ and SO₂ emissions has been underestimated Image
As more and more clean air regulations came into effect from the 1960s onward, CO₂ and sulphur dioxide (SO₂) emissions gradually decoupled.

SO₂ emissions reached a global peak around 1980:
academic.oup.com/bioscience/art…Image
@WilliamJRipple This scatter plot clearly shows the decoupling between CO₂ and SO₂: Image
Read 14 tweets
Dec 29, 2024
🌊🌡️📈
The North Atlantic Ocean is not cooling back down.

The baseline has shifted.

We'll discuss this and more later today on Climate Chat. Image
2024 even broke the extreme Sea Surface Temperature record of 2023: Image
Unprecedented: Image
Read 8 tweets
Dec 16, 2024
The Atlantic Ocean used to transport about 500,000,000 Hiroshima bombs worth of heat northward.

This will decrease by ~30% in OUR lifetimes.

What does that mean?

I think the main problem with climate change is that our tiny brains are incapable of comprehending it.
I tried to cover the basic AMOC maths here:

patreon.com/posts/10867891…
Read 4 tweets
Nov 22, 2024
🌊🌡📈 = 🦠📉

Plankton may not survive global warming, with "devastating effects"

🚨Plankton is at the basis of the ocean food web!
🚨Plankton sequesters carbon & releases oxygen!
🚨Plankton keeps the planet cool by creating cloud condensation nuclei! Image
Image
Image
Image
This is one of the most worrying studies I've seen in a long time.

And I come across a lot of worrying studies.
oceanographicmagazine.com/news/plankton-…
The ocean are warming extremely fast Image
Image
Read 7 tweets
Nov 15, 2024
🌍🌡📈
How close is +1.5 °C ?!

7 years away?
2.5 years away? 👇
4 months ago??

It very much depends on how you look at the data.
🧵 1/Image
The average of the past 17 months was +1.60 °C above the 1850-1900 preindustrial baseline in the @CopernicusECMWF ERA5 dataset.

October was +1.65°C and November will likely be about the same.

While El Niño ended in May. Image
This doesn't necessarily mean we've already passed the red 1.5 line of the Paris agreement, which is about long-term warming.

But maybe we did!

Using a linear extrapolation from the past 5 years puts us at +1.52°C.

And +1.5°C on July 2024! Image
Read 15 tweets
Nov 11, 2024
BREAKING 🌊🌡️📈

"All datasets agree that ocean warming RATES show a particularly strong increase in the past
two decades."

@WMO State of the Global Climate 2023 Report.

About 90% of the energy that has accumulated in the Earth system is stored in the oceans!Image
@WMO @MercatorOcean This was highlighted today by @WMO's Secretary General State of Climate 2024 update

@borenbears asked the crucial question about 1.5 °C.

All these methods shown in their Fig 2 underestimate the rate of warming:

unfccc.int/event/wmo-stat…Image
@WMO @MercatorOcean @borenbears Alternative 3 is based on @piersforster et al. (2024).

Their estimates of the 2023 aerosol forcing was the strongest in 8 years. Leading to a lower net forcing increase and thus less future warming.

Read 5 tweets

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