Sami Kassab Profile picture
Jul 21, 2023 10 tweets 5 min read Read on X
The DePIN, or decentralized physical infra networks, narrative has been growing stronger recently.

So I wrote a 7k+ word report on everything you could possibly need to know before the next bull market. Image
DePINs use token rewards to incentivize the crowdsourcing and building of real-world physical infra.

The "real world" part is important because it represents crypto branching out out of the digital realm and into the meatspace. Image
DePINs aim to tap into existing Web2 demand by offering cheaper services, while also unlocking new use cases, and supporting crypto apps

The tangible aspect of DePIN and the focus on large existing markets is more digistibile for investors
See bloomberg:
The initial DePIN sector map was delineated into four categories:
Server, wireless, sensor, and energy networks

However, as distinct variations between these categories became apparent, we chose to add two subcategories: Physical Resource Networks and Digital Resource Networks Image
Physical resource networks incentivize users to deploy location-dependent hardware to offer non-fungible services, such as energy, & connectivity


Image
Image
Image
Image
Digital resource networks incentivize users to deploy hardware to offer fungible digital resources like compute, storage, and bandwidth


Image
Image
Image
Image
The report also covers:

1. How DePINs have successfully built the supply side but are struggling to attract the demand side. Includes what is being done to address this Image
2. Emerging trends
In PRNs:
- Leveraging smartphones as the device
- Transitioning from passive to active participation
- Web2 businesses adopting the DePIN model

3. Investment opportunities
- GPU marketplaces
- Geospatial and mobility projects
- DeWi 5G networks
The report also covers challenges DePINs face, adoption timelines, and most importantly, the business models and moats
Image
Image
This report is packed with information. It's a @MessariCrypto enterprise report which you can read here. Please reach out if you have any questions/request.
messari.io/report/navigat…

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
 

Keep Current with Sami Kassab

Sami Kassab Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @Old_Samster

Jan 26
Everyone's bull posting about GPU compute networks on the timeline, so I want to toss in a bit of a reality check on the situation

The main question I looked at is whether these networks in their current state are supply or demand constrained.

I think it's a bit of both 🧵
On the supply side, the main challenge has been sourcing high-end GPUs like the A100s and H100s, which are best in class for ML.
The initial idea behind these networks was that entities with those GPUs could monetize them during periods of idleness.

However, I'm starting to see two issues w/ this model:
1. these GPUs are consistently in high demand, which means they are rarely idle
2. the dependence on these GPUs being available only in their idle times creates a lack of stable supply, undermining networks' ability to provide reliable services.
Illustrating this, ionet currently has 304 A100 GPUs, a big decrease from 860 just two months ago, and 151 H100 GPUs.
In comparison, Akash currently only has 22 A100s. But to combat the network's supply issue, a liquidity mining program has been proposed to incentivize high-end GPUs. And around 88 more A100s have been committed so far bcuz of it
Read 7 tweets
Jan 5
Just dropped the most in-depth report on DePIN with @DAnconia_Crypto covering developments in 2023 and where the space is going in 2024.
Report can be accessed for FREE on @MessariCrypto (link at end)

In 2023 there were over 650 DePINs, >$20B in market cap, and >$15M ARR Image
Compute marketplaces dominated 2023. However, the challenge for 2024 will be storage networks finding more paying users, compute networks sourcing high quality GPUs, and retrieval networks increasing their density. Image
The number of GPU networks has surged over the last year. These teams are gearing up for war as they vie for access to limited GPU resources alongside their rivals Image
Read 8 tweets
Nov 2, 2023
There’s a reason that Fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) is referred to as the holy grail of computing & black magic at the same time.

FHE enables computations on encrypted data without decryption, basically meaning sensitive data can be processed without ever being revealed. Image
The transparency of blockchains poses challenges for enterprise adoption, as most businesses are unwilling to publicize every aspect of their operations onchain.

Using FHE to encrypt and compute on onchain data could be the solution to this.
Won’t ZKPs solve crypto’s privacy problems? Likely not. ZKPs are not a great privacy solution for 2 reasons:

1. For most apps, third parties with stronger machines are needed to generate the proofs, exposing user data. Users would have to trust these entities w/ their data
Read 10 tweets
Mar 27, 2023
The intersection of crypto and AI is proving to be a lot more than just hype

Crypto is playing an active role addressing challenges & bottlenecks in the AI industry, serving as a:
-Hardware coordination layer for compute resources 🖥️
-Machine intelligence coordination layer 🧠
Problem 1:
Computing power has become a bottleneck in the AI industry as the computations required double every few months

The cost of training AI models has also been increasing around 3100% per year, emphasizing the need for more efficient & cost-effective training solutions Image
This trend towards rising costs and increasing resource demands needed to develop and train cutting-edge AI systems is resulting in centralization, where only entities with massive budgets are able to conduct research and produce models
Read 14 tweets
Jan 19, 2023
Decentralized Physical Infrastructure networks (DePIN) is a rapidly growing sector that taps into existing, real-world, non-speculative demand sources.

DePIN can be broken down into 4 categories:
- Server (Cloud) Networks
- Wireless Networks
- Sensor Networks
- Energy Networks Image
What is DePIN?
DePIN networks use token rewards to coordinate and incentivize individuals to deploy and operate physical infrastructure and hardware networks

This allows a network to bootstrap the supply-side of to the point where end users find its services attractive to use. Image
The DePIN sector hosts protocols aiming to disrupt traditional, billion-dollar infrastructure industries.
DePIN's total addressable market is estimated to be more than $2.2 trillion, and projected to reach $3.5 trillion by 2028
Read 8 tweets
Jan 12, 2023
Decentralized cloud storage networks eliminate the need for third-party trust, remove single points of failure, and increase data security and privacy — all while being environmentally sustainable and cost-effective.

Are these networks the future of data storage? 🧵
In a decentralized cloud storage model, data is distributed across a global P2P network of individually operated nodes, rather than on a single server located in a data center.
Data is typically split into shards, replicated, and distributed to various nodes.
A big value prop. is that decentralized storage networks offer storage >70% cheaper than providers like Amazon S3
The networks decouple raw hard drive space from the services & support provided by centralized providers, turning cloud storage more into a commodity or utility
Read 10 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!


This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Don't want to be a Premium member but still want to support us?

Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal

Or Donate anonymously using crypto!

Ethereum

0xfe58350B80634f60Fa6Dc149a72b4DFbc17D341E copy

Bitcoin

3ATGMxNzCUFzxpMCHL5sWSt4DVtS8UqXpi copy

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us!

:(