Andy Constan Profile picture
Jul 30 9 tweets 3 min read Twitter logo Read on Twitter
The huge "hedge fund short" 101
Many have published a chart that say "hedge funds have the largest speculative short futures position in history". The data is accurate. It also needs interpretation.
Here's my chart it's a few weeks old but illustrates my point Image
The hedge fund short is someone else's long. That long is institutional investors. It's very big. But that is not the important story. This unlike the ES charts which looked the same and were a choose your fighter Long Only Simps vs Hedge funds (which I got completely wrong) Image
Respect Long only Simps 🫡
Hedge funds short ES covered like mad. I was wrong. Image
But fixed income futures positions are quite different. While the long side of the positions are indeed levering up by long only asset managers the short side which is getting so much doomism is more complex
H/T @leadlagreport for this example Image
Why do hedge funds short bond futures
Speculation IS a real thing!

BUT also to hedge out interest rate risk on something they are long in the derivatives or cash market like:
Corporate and High Yield Bonds, Physical Treasury Bonds, Mortgage Bonds, Muni's, Converts, EM debt etc
For example let's say long only institutions bid up futures to lever up a bet. A hedge fund can buy the correspond US Treasury to that futures contract and take out a spread between the futures and cash markets. It's an arbitrage between the cost of leverage in the futures
Markets and the actual cost of leverage the hedge fund is able to achieve in their funding of the UST long position.

Now. It's possible that the hedge fund is purely speculative or it's possible that they own the bond and are using repo to finance the long and are short the
Futures. Let's go to the data. As this "historic" futures short has been built. Levered long positions have grown by half a Trillion dollars. Either that should be added to the long position of real money Image
Or should be subtracted from the short position of hedge funds who are doing the cash and carry arbitrage. I won't show all my data but just say that this is a complex topic and the signal in Fixed Income is pretty weak regarding TFF rates data the doomers are posting

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More from @dampedspring

Jul 28
Comparing JGB 10 year yield to UST 10 year yield 101

This is an important and somewhat complex topic. Given the BOJ move last night it seems worth discussing. Currently the on the run JGB 10 year is yielding 56bp and the US 10 year is yield 4%. Wow. It seems obvious which
One is better. The one with the higher yield. But that is completely wrong. Let's start with a local investor in Japan. The fictional Mrs Watanabe. She currently can borrow money overnight from her Japanese margin account at -10bp and buy a JGB with that money with a 56bp
Yield. She had positive carry of 66bp. Sounds great! Compare that to if she borrows in her USD brokerage account to buy a UST. There she pays 5.15% and only receives 4%. That's a negative carry of 115bp. Ouch. Those UST's don't look quite as attractive now. Of course
Read 12 tweets
Jun 23
Rebalance flows 101

We often hear about portfolio rebalance flows as moving markets. On occasion these flows are substantial and do impact markets. This thread will examine some of the various sorts of portfolio rebalances that regularly occur and ones that are episodic
The important takeaways for this topic and any other topics about flow is that
1. Portfolio rebalancing flows are always happening
2. Every seller has a buyer and every buyer has a seller
3. Some rebalances are mechanically tethered to a date and time on a calendar
4. Sharks know
more about the flow than you ever will and their activities in frontrunning flow they know about impacts prices before the flow occurs.
5. For a flow to matter the elasticity of the flow has to be to get done at any price and it has to be bigger than the market can accept
Read 25 tweets
Jun 4
A Story "History of Vol"

Yesterday I posted a thread how $VIX is a poor estimate of what happened to implied volatility.

Today I will give you a taste of the massive real world consequences of how one chooses to think
about implied volatility. The choice can be fatal.
Here is yesterdays thread for reference
Options have been around for a long long time. The first recorded use of options occurred in Ancient Greece. One of the great philosophers who hung with Aristotle also had a side gig. His names was Thales of Miletus One year he predicted a robust harvest of olives. He crafted
Read 25 tweets
Jun 2
Did volatility go up or down today? 101. Easy question? Not really. I will keep it as simple as possible. There are many great vol guys to give a better answer on here, But here goes. The symbol most use for vol is $VIX Image
$VIX fell a lot and made a new year low. It also made a post COVID low Image
Don't use $VIX. Never use VIX. It is not tradable and on Friday's it is always pressed down more than it "should" be and always pressed up more than it "should" be on Monday. Use front month VIX Futures. This sub thread explains it.
Read 20 tweets
May 28
COT Data just some sanity for a quick second.
1. Don't use COT for financial futures. Use TFF. COT cohorts are commercial and speculators and are for hogs, oil and FCOJ.
TFF splits the same data into Levered and Asset Managers. Meaning hedge funds and "real money" It's better. Image
The chart above illustrates a simple concept.
2. While futures are used for hedging etc ignore that problem because its even more simple
3. Every short has a long.

Again while ignoring positioning not captured here, it is odd that people are focusing on the historic short and
and somehow not focused on the historic long of the guys who manage our pensions, mutual funds, and High net worth portfolios. They have been buying bonds hand over fist since Q1 2022 and HF's have been shorting them. Who is in better shape? Who is more likely to capitulate? Image
Read 5 tweets
May 6
What's going on with banks? 101

The current situation with banks must be confusing for many or you. I personally find much of what I read conflating many relevant issues facing banks into one hard to unravel mess. Each day via videos and threads I attempt to interact with
smart people and run into the same issue again and again. I am not sure this problem is due to those conflating issues lack of understanding of banks or if they simply want to end up with a synthesis that fits their world view. I am writing this thread to show how I break down
what's going on so I can understand the argument smart people are making. I may be wrong in my break down and please give me feedback on this thread.
Read 23 tweets

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