"We have a loneliness epidemic, it's making ppl miserable & killing them. Probably due to social media, phones, suburban life, or smthg. Let's go back to meeting in real life!"
No!
Yes, we do spend more time alone:
As time passes, we live more and more alone
As we get older, we also spend more and more time alone!
And look how many people say they're lonely!
Narrative violation: Ppl *want to spend more time alone* as they become richer
Narrative violation: ppl say they're *less lonely* as they age (and spend more time alone)
Narrative violation: in developed countries, the more ppl live alone, the less lonely they say they are
Narrative violation: Generations born between 1920 and 1970 in the US all feel the same level of loneliness
Narrative violation: US teenagers felt *less lonely* over time between 1977 and 2012
Narrative violation: Ppl are committing suicide more than before... mainly in the US!
So what's happening?
Ppl are mixing *loneliness* with *aloneness*
We are spending more time alone
But this is *not* making us lonelier
We like it!
There isn't a loneliness *epidemic*. It's always been there. We should fight it, but it's not new, so it's not due to social media
But hold on. Here's the 2nd level of poor reporting: Teenagers
They *are* committing suicide at alarming rates! Look at 20-34yo:
What's happening? Yes, young adults in the US are more depressive and are committing indeed more suicide, driving the average up
The obvious culprit: Whatever started around 2010-2012 and is causing depression. Social media and mobile phones? Maybe the Great Depression?
And *yes*, there's plenty of evidence that social media and phones do make ppl miserable, especially teenagers and young adults
So if this is true... We should be seeing this across the world, right?
No! Young adults are not committing more suicide in other countries!
Do young ppl have less access to mobile phones & social media in France? In JAPAN?!
In fact, this phenomenon is hard to find in other countries...
Except maybe in North American countries
Whatever is depressing US teenagers so much that they commit suicide more, it's something specific of the US (and maybe its neighbors?)
Indeed, young adults in the US are more prone to depression (but I can't find data on depression since 2000 for OECD countries. @MaxCRoser )
Why do US young adults commit + suicide? This paper explores this question:
• Guns unlikely
• Opioid crisis unlikely
• Surveys suggest there doesn't appear to be more bullying (but then why more depression?)
• Or suicide attempts
Maybe...
• Social media is making existing bullying more aggressive in the US? (but why not elsewhere?)
• Young ppl can more easily find lethal ways to commit suicide online? (but why not elsewhere?)
• Suburban life (but why now?)
• Culture wars?
We should worry about social media & phones, and fight their negative influence
But mixing aloneness, loneliness, and social media is failing to find the pbm
This is specifically a US young adults pbm
If we don't know their pbm, we can't solve it
Let's keep looking for answers
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50% of humans live in this circle
But why?
It's not a coincidence
It's because of a single, massive accident
Why?
Let's zoom in:
🇵🇰Pakistan 230M
🇮🇳India 1,400M
🇳🇵Nepal 30M
🇧🇩Bangladesh 170M
🇲🇲Burma 54M
🇹🇭Thailand 71M
🇻🇳Vietnam 97M
🇨🇳China 1,400B
🇹🇼Taiwan 23M
🇮🇩Indonesia 274M
🇲🇾Malaysia 33M
🇵🇭Philippines 114M
🇯🇵Japan 126M
🇰🇵NK 26M
🇰🇷SK 52M
TOTAL > 4B
Did one thing cause most of these?!
Yes
Let's start with India. I covered it here:
Quick summary:
India is hot because of its location & wet because of monsoons
Monsoon waters are stopped by the Himalayas, forming the Ganges River valley, which brings water & fertile sediments➡️food➡️ppl
18 surprising facts I learned about climate change:
1. Temperatures are at an all-time high...
... since humans left Africa
Temperatures peaked higher ~120k years ago (humans already lived on Earth)
And the world was generally warmer ~3M ago and before
2. CO2 levels followed the same path:
Humans (who appeared ~200k y ago) have never seen more CO2
But the Earth had more CO2 ~3M y ago and beyond
3. This makes sense: We imagine the Earth as a stable system but it isn't
Eg: The Great Oxidation Event
First: no O2 in the air
Plants* appeared
They started sucking in CO2 and releasing O2—
a pollutant at the time, it oxidized everything
&then started accumulating in the air
Does it come mostly from human emissions?
Does it cause global warming?
How bad is it? For whom?
Will it destroy Earth?
Here's what we know:
1. How much CO2 is there in the atmosphere?
CO2 emissions accounts for 75% of greenhouse gas effects
Methane is the other big one, but it stays in the atmosphere less time, so if we can cut its emissions fast, the impact will also be fast. Not so with CO2. So let's focus on CO2
Annual emissions of greenhouse gases are 50 Gt (gigatons, billions of tons). ~40Gt of those are CO2. Remember these numbers: they're our target for annual emissions we need to reduce