Crémieux Profile picture
Aug 23, 2023 17 tweets 6 min read Read on X
One of the best pieces every published in The Atlantic is this 97-year-old piece by "A Woman Resident in Russia".

In it, she described the chaos that resulted when Communists destroyed the institution of marriage.

Let's read about what happened when Soviets ruined marriage🧵
"To clear the family out of the accumulated dust of the ages we had to give it a good shakeup, and we did."

Russia boasted it had no illegitimate children. True. They eliminated the "illegitimate" category. Image
"Men took to changing wives" and 300,000 abandoned children resulted. Image
"It was not... unusual... for a boy of twenty to have had three or four wives, or for a girl of the same age to have had three or four abortions." Image
"I recall another victim of the breakdown of families ties.... She was divorced by her husband after their first child was born. He then married another woman, had a child by her, deserted both, and returned to his first wife, by whom he had a second child." Image
Not all women suffered from the breakdown. Some exploited it.

"Women of light behavior" would blackmail men into paying alimony. Image
Some men found ways to profit from this as well.

They would trick a woman into marriage, use her as an employee on the farm, and then divorce her when the season was through. Image
It wasn't just rural areas that buckled under the effects of marriage dissolution.

One group of students became indignant at accusations of licentiousness and declared that having sex was the only real amusement left, so they deserved free abortions. Image
Some chapters of the League of Communist Youth decried people who wouldn't do hook-ups and even organized circles to encourage free loving. Image
The Communists were ideologically committed to the idea that the state should rear the children.

This proved too expensive, so this "annoying test of Communist theories" could be given a failing grade. Image
The debates over a new, free-love abiding law took place in the Tsar's throneroom, with its gilded walls and vaulted ceilings, and the throne, replaced with a simple wooden platform. Image
The opposition to the law suggested it would abolish marriage, destroy the family, legalize polygamy, and ruin the peasantry.

Trotsky and Soltz offered contradictory explanations for their positions. Image
Smidovich and Kollontai provided their own opinions as well.

Kollontai wanted a social insurance scheme, like a sovereign fund for abandoned kids. Incidentally, she was the ambassador to Norway. Image
"If opinion on the proposed law is divided in the cities, the feeling in the villages, where eighty per cent of the Russians live, is overwhelmingly against it."

Here's what one peasant spokesman had to say: Image
"The... circulation of revolutionary ideas on the desirability of abolishing the family has not... eliminated old-fashioned passions of love and jealousy."

"Even Communist women have been known to commit suicide because their husbands' attentions were diverted elsewhere." Image
The Soviets eventually did crack down. Free love could not last, and this brief experiment in it led them to abandon attempts to bring it about.

The Communists simply couldn't uproot human nature.

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More from @cremieuxrecueil

Nov 18
Diets that restrict carbohydrate consumption lead to improved blood sugar and insulin levels, as well as reduced insulin resistance.

Additionally, they're good or neutral for the liver and kidneys, and they don't affect the metabolic rate. Image
Carbohydrate isn't the only thing that affects glycemic parameters.

So does fat!

So, for example, if you replace 5% of dietary calories from saturated fat with PUFA, that somewhat improves fasting glucose levels (shown), and directionally improves fasting insulin: Image
Dietary composition may not be useful for improving the rate of weight loss ceteris paribus, but it can definitely make it easier given what else it changes.

Those non-metabolism details may be why so many people find low-carb diets so easy!

Read 4 tweets
Nov 18
Property taxes should, in theory, make it so buying a home is more affordable and young people will have increased access to home ownership.

Let's look through the literature to see what really happens🧵

Firstly, higher property taxes get older people to move. Image
Higher property taxes act as leverage since they're capitalized into house prices.

This reduces the number of people who own multiple homes, increases general ownership, and increases young ownership even more. Image
Property tax exemptions are popular because the old feel like they shouldn't have to pay anything to live in their homes.

Exemptions shift homeownership to older ages and make America less mobile because people live in their homes for longer. Image
Read 11 tweets
Nov 18
There's a popular belief that family wealth is gone in three generations.

The first earns it, the second stewards it, and the third spends it away: from shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations!

But how true is this belief?

Gregory Clark has new evidence🧵 Image
The first thing to note is that family wealth is correlated across many generations. For example, in medieval England, this is how wealth at death correlates across six generations.

It correlates substantially enough to persist for twelve generations at observed rates of decay: Image
But why?

The dominant theory among laypeople is social: that the wealth is directly transmitted.

This is testable, and the Malthusian era provides us with lots of data for testing. Image
Read 19 tweets
Nov 18
The Catholic Church helped to modernize the West due to its ban on cousin marriage and its disdain for adoption, but also by way of its opposition to polygyny.

The origin of this disdain arguably lies with Church Fathers like Justin Martyr, Irenaeus, and Tertullian🧵 Image
Justin Martyr, in his Dialogue with Trypho argues with a Jew that Christians are the ones living in continuity with God's true intentions.

Justin sees Genesis 2 ("the two shall become one flesh") as normative.

In his apologetic world, Christians are supposed to transcend lust.Image
Irenaeus, in Against Heresies, is attacking Gnostics (Basilides, Carpocrates), whose sexual practices he finds scandalous.

To him, "temperance dwells, self-restraint is practiced, monogamy is observed"—polygyny is a doctrinal and moral deviation from creation affirmation.Image
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Nov 17
The effects of charter schools on student test scores are meta-analytically estimated to be small.

In this study, the largest estimated effect was estimated to be equivalent to ~1.35 IQ points, for mathematics scores, which consistently showed larger effects than reading scores. Image
Similarly, the estimated effect of parents' preferred schools and of elite public secondary schools on test scores is around zero. Image
More interestingly, it seems charter school openings lead to competition that marginally boosts non-charter student performance and reduces absenteeism by very small degrees:
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Nov 12
Amazing!

The missing heritability issue between SNP heritability methods and traditional pedigree-based estimates has now shrunken to just 12%.

Thanks to large-scale whole-genome data and simultaneously estimated phenotypes, there's not much missing heritability left! Image
This analysis has several advantages compared to earlier ones.

The most obvious is the whole-genome data combined with a large sample size. All earlier whole-genome heritability estimates have been made using smaller samples, and thus had far greater uncertainty.
The next big thing is that the SNP and pedigree heritability estimates came from the same sample.

This can matter a lot.

If one sample has a heritability of 0.5 for a trait and another has a heritability of 0.4, it'd be a mistake to chalk the difference up to the method.
Read 16 tweets

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