Mark Nelson Profile picture
Sep 23, 2023 1 tweets 2 min read Read on X
Word is out: Microsoft is plunging ahead on nuclear energy.

They want a fleet of reactors powering new data centers. And now they're hiring people from the traditional nuclear industry to get it done.

Why?

Lack of stable long-term power, whether clean or dirty, is constraining Microsoft's growth. They need to build big data centers that consume electricity all the time and the old assumption that somebody else's reliable plants will always be around to firm up your wind and solar is falling apart.

It certainly helps that founder Bill Gates was one of the earliest big business converts to nuclear energy, investing his own money to develop new reactors.

But Microsoft, like many companies, was held back by what we might consider "Enron-ism" infecting its energy thinking: renewable energy credits plus markets plus cute little lies to the public about how electricity works. Greenwashed fossil/hydro/nuclear with the ESG stamp of approval.

The problem? Eventually you run out of other people's cheap firm power.

So Microsoft has recently become a leader in openly asserting that nuclear energy counts as clean energy, as opposed to the ongoing cowardice we see from the other big tech companies who lie to the public about being "100% renewable powered."

Sure, the lawyers said it was okay to lie, but the lie doesn't give you a permanent supply of cheap reliable energy. That comes from nuclear.

A world is coming where only the tech companies willing to become nuclear power developers may get to keep expanding their cloud businesses, and only countries open to new reactors get to host this expansion.

A world where tech companies with 50% margins become the only survival hope for traditional industrial concerns with 5% margins who need someone else to bootstrap a proper electricity supply.

Where diesel backup generators are replaced with microreactors reliable enough to be trusted to keep a cluster of facilities secure in the case of public grid failure.

The race is on.
Headlines from Data Center Dynamics about Microsoft opening a job search for more nuclear program managers  https://www.datacenterdynamics.com/en/news/microsoft-cloud-hiring-to-implement-global-small-modular-reactor-and-microreactor-strategy-to-power-data-centers/

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More from @energybants

Sep 30, 2024
NEW DEPT. OF ENERGY NUCLEAR REPORT RELEASED

Just out a few minutes ago.

Some of the absolute sharpest minds in nuclear put in months of work on this report and it shows.

Key highlights for me, below... Image
First the basics.

Want to know why Microsoft is prepared to pay $16 billion over twenty years for one of the nation's smallest and oldest reactors to turn back on?

This is why. Expect every major energy-using company in America to have to learn chart this soon. Image
The Westinghouse AP1000 has a clear path to being the foundation of our future baseload, under $100 per MWh.

$60 per MWh if we learn.

Microsoft has agreed to pay way more than this for Three Mile Island's power after restart.

People have not begun to understand this point. Image
Read 9 tweets
Aug 16, 2024
BREAKING: PROTESTER ATTEMPTING TO BLOCK IMPENDING DEMOLITION AT GERMAN NUCLEAR PLANT

Only a half hour before scheduled implosion of cooling towers at Grafenrheinfeld nuclear plant, a protester has photographed himself near the base of the towers.

Will they blow it anyway?

Image
Image
Thousands of people have gathered to watch Germany blow up its own critical infrastructure.

But this protest may end up delaying the blast, scheduled for 15 minutes from now.

I've confirmed the protester is a German and is involved in the pro-nuclear scene in the country.
They're trying RIGHT NOW to get Andreas down from the tower he's climbed.

The balls on this dude Image
Read 4 tweets
Apr 2, 2024
Depressing to watch electricity production crashing in Germany year by year.

We can all see what they're doing to themselves.

Maybe other EU nations enjoy seeing the decline of Germany?

It's almost unfathomable to me as an American to watch Europe sleepwalking into this.

1/4 Image
Fossil fuel prices have collapsed.

Germany has taken renewable subsidies out of power bills & and placed them into the national budget to attempt to stop electricity price rises.

Yet, load this quarter is flat from last year, with Germany now a power-importing nation.

2/4 Image
Part of the problem is that weather is just so variable.

Germany installed tens of billions of € of renewable capacity since Dec. 2019 but produced no more power in 1Q of 2024 compared to 1Q 2020.

Will 2024 be a good year or bad year? Fun to guess. Less fun for industry.

3/4
Image
Image
Read 4 tweets
Jan 6, 2024
Incredible: German electricity demand has fallen to the lowest levels since before reunification in 1990, as its economy falters.

Germany intentionally turned off its extraordinarily cheap and reliable baseload nuclear power, rapidly, during a generational energy crisis.

Putin didn't make them do it.

America didn't make them do it.

Even German public opinion has turned dramatically back in favor of nuclear.

German leaders made this choice, to turn them off and keep them off.

Look at these graphs of annual electricity. It's like Germany is committing WW2-style bombing raids against its own infrastructure.

If Germany were electrifying, for either climate or growth reasons, then we would expect electricity demand to grow, not fall.

We should be seeing all time records in electricity production and demand, not the lowest numbers in over three decades.

Now electricity is too expensive for many industries to justify using for expanding or even maintaining production, so electricity demand is dropping.

But Germany's own generation of electricity is plunging even faster than its demand is, turning Germany from a net exporter to a net importer of power.

Many commenters have celebrated the falling energy costs in Germany for this year and next. But those falling costs are coming along with falling demand for power, not increasing demand.

And costly renewable subsidies are no longer paid directly on power bills, but instead from the national budget, lowering the apparent cost of power even further, which should be stimulating demand.

Yet electricity remains so persistently expensive relative to pre-crisis years that, in combination with expensive natural gas, it just isn't worth it for Germany's major energy consumers.

Germany's courts have, for now, rejected adding more and more subsidies for energy production infrastructure to be paid for by national debt.

Even though this is a crisis for Germany, the courts seem wise in rejecting subsidies for expensive new energy when cheap nuclear plants could just be turned back on.

Leading opposition parties have already stated their intention of restarting Germany's nuclear plants should they win power.

This would take about a year each, but each nuclear plant would prop up a meaningful fraction of Germany's bleeding industrial sector.

In my view, there is no longer any other budget-neutral or budget-positive energy move available to German leaders, without destroying Germany's climate agreements to turn on lignite coal full blast.Article from Bloomberg: Germany's Lost Year is Over But 2024 May Not Be Much Better  https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2024-01-06/germany-s-lost-year-is-over-but-2024-may-not-be-much-better
From Energy-Charts.info: Total electricity production from all sources in Germany, from 1990 through 2023, showing remarkable drop from 611 TWh in 2017 to 487 in 2023.  Electrification of previously off-grid energy consumption, in a healthy economy, should have led to a growth in electricity supply, not a drop.  https://energy-charts.info/charts/energy/chart.htm?l=en&c=DE&year=-1&stacking=stacked_absolute&chartColumnSorting=default&interval=year&source=total&legendItems=000111111111111111100111111110
Retitled chart from Energy-Charts: Nuclear output in Germany and Total Electricity Load (nation demand) in Germany  https://energy-charts.info/charts/energy/chart.htm?l=en&c=DE&year=-1&stacking=stacked_absolute&chartColumnSorting=default&interval=year&source=total&legendItems=000100000000000000000000000001
I have to keep writing this over and over and over again:

France badly mismanaged its nuclear fleet as it tried to foolishly ape German energy policy.

France has had some of worst nuclear fleet availability on Earth.

Germany had among the highest.
I've been yelling about France's energy self-sabotage for years.

I used the phrase "Vichy Energy" to describe France's policies in this podcast warning about France, Germany, and Nord Stream, from more than a year before the full-scale invasion of Ukraine
decouplemedia.org/podcast/episod…
Read 4 tweets
Jun 6, 2023
ZAPORIZHZHIA NUCLEAR: LOSS OF KAKHOVKA DAM

Zaporizhzhia NPP, Europe's largest, draws cooling water from a reservoir whose dam is now severely damaged.

All six reactors are off & cold. Almost no cooling water needed.

Unfolding event, but not a serious risk for nuclear accident. Satellite image showing the...
Nuclear reactors produce an immense amount of heat when operating.

Massive amounts of water are passed through to keep them at the right temperature, and this water gets heated up and is used to make steam and then the steam to make electricity.

Zaporizhzhia's reactors are off.
The reactors at Fukushima Daiichi shut down after the quake, but three still melted.

That's because right after shutdown, reactors keep putting out a lot of heat, and the tsunami destroyed the backup cooling equipment.

Zaporizhzhia's reactors have been shut off for many months.
Read 8 tweets
Apr 17, 2023
First night of Germany's grid without nuclear: it's bad.

It's night. No sun. Wind has dropped to almost nothing.

Most of German "renewables" right now is richly-subsidized bioenergy with half the net CO2 emissions of an efficient gas power plant.

Importing nuclear from France. Snapshot of European electr...Screenshot from Electricity...
It's hard to express how insane this situation is.

Highlighting just wind production now, Germany's 66.5 GW of installed wind is only producing as much as the 3 reactors that turned off last night used to produce.

400% expansion of wind would only provide half present need! Image
It's astounding to me when people argue that it isn't fair to choose just a moment when Germany's wind and solar are near zero, that we have to look at yearly figures instead.

So here's every single hour for a year and the annual average.

And for France.
A chart of hourly carbon in...
Read 4 tweets

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