DanielR Profile picture
Sep 27, 2023 15 tweets 7 min read Read on X
🧵1. In the #UkraineRussia war, volunteers assemble #drones for military use. Most components are imported from China but some are made locally. Russian volunteers (kb70ru Конструкторское дизайн бюро) designed a drone that uses a frame made from plywood.
vk.com/kb70ru
Russian plywood FPV drone frame.
2. A computer-controlled router is used to cut the drone frames out of 9mm thick plywood.
t.me/kb70ru/366
CNC router cutting a drone frame.
3. A laser cutter is used to cut parts out thinner plywood. The laser cutter is more accurate but is limited to cutting thinner materials. Image
4. An advantage of this design is it's easy to make different size frames for different applications (the inch sizes refer to the propeller diameter):
5" Training (there is a large training program)
6" Reconnaissance
7" Kamikaze (attack)
9" Bomber
t.me/kb70talks/8924
Image
5. Some interesting observations can be made. This project appears to be largely the initiative of one person (Alexey). The workshop used for development is not very big or fancy.

vk.com/mdciv
vk.com/kb70ru
Workshop used for development of Russian drones.
6. However, the automated router and laser cutter can produce a lot of drone frames in a few days.
Stack of Russian drone frames cut from plywood.
Stack of Russian drone frames cut from plywood.
7. Keep in mind that there is a lot more to a drone than the frame. The frame needs to be assembled and 4 motors, 4 propellers, ELRS receiver, flight controller stack, camera, video transmitter, antennas & battery need to be installed.
Partially assembled Russian FPV drone with wooden frame.
Partially assembled Russian FPV drone with wooden frame.
8. Since all the drone parts are hobby-grade & made in China it is easy to determine the cost effectiveness of this home-made frame. At best, it reduces the cost of a drone by about 10 to 15%.
9.This cost estimate was verified in a post, “Six copters were paid for by concerned citizens. Production of one drone costs about 40,000 rubles and a month of waiting for the delivery of components.”
vk.com/kb70ru?w=wall-…
Image
10. The frames are given to other groups to assemble. Photos confirm that many of these frames were used to make drones. But how many frames were made and how many resulted in a drone?
Stack of partially assembled Russian drones using a wooden frame.
Stack of partially assembled Russian drones using a wooden frame.
11. Apparently, these volunteers were not keeping track but instead estimated 500 frames from the number of nylon standoffs used (6 per drone). But no one knows how many of these frames were made into drones.
t.me/kb70talks/9099
12. Keep in mind that to turn 500 frames into drones would require about US$200,000 worth of components. In a poor and corrupt country like Russia, it’s not clear how this would work out. Many frames were shipped and subsequently disappeared.
13. Some Russian sources claim that huge numbers of drones are being made each day. Because the volunteers are not keeping track of their own production, these (partially) official numbers cannot be accurate.
t.me/vatfor/8784
14. In spite of their efforts, this project was not approved for Russian government funding. “Ahaha plywood frames did not pass the selection of the high state commission))))” This rejection resulted in bitterness and may have dampened their enthusiasm.
t.me/kb70talks/7344

Image
Image
15. In summary, this group of Russian volunteers worked very hard, made drones and had successes but still did not obtain government funding. Without serious money, it’s not clear how big their impact will be in a quickly evolving war.

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More from @DanielR33187703

Jul 17
1. The air data computer from a Shahed-136 #drone was reversed engineered by Le labo de Michel @lelabodemichel5162 with a detailed explanation given in a YouTube video. This computer supplies airspeed and altitude to the drone’s flight computer. Image
2. The circuit board is fairly small and has two air pressure transducers. One transducer is used for measuring altitude and the other is for airspeed. The board transmits data over an old-school RS232 serial line. A JTAG port is for programming a microcontroller. Image
3. The pressure transducers appear to be from the Slovenian company, HYB Sensor. It is difficult to determine the exact models but possibly HPSD 3100 or HPSD 3000. Feel free to ask HYB Sensor if (and why) their products are in these drones. Image
Read 10 tweets
Jul 4
1. A single photo of a russian workbench gives a sense of how the #war is going for them. Here a russian Telegram channel proudly describes the “FPV "OFFICE" of their graduate. Let’s have a closer look.
t.me/FPV_vyZOV/1673
Image
2. There are a few things including the rifle (AK?) indicating this is near the frontlines. Can weapons folks please comment on this rifle, especially if there is anything interesting about it? Image
3. The munition looks like a nasty thermobaric warhead that is used against vehicles and personnel. It seems odd to have this on a workbench meant for repairing drones. Image
Read 17 tweets
Jun 20
1. A mysterious #Ukrainian #drone is striking targets deep inside russia. This drone is causing lots of problems for the russians but what is it? Image
2. After one deep strike, a russian Telegram channel showed a photo of 6 drone engines and incorrectly claimed they were from Ukrainian Liutyi (Fierce) #drones. These engines are much too small for a Liutyi. The true story is more interesting.
t.me/genshtab24/602…
Image
3. For reference, the Liutyi is a fairly large drone that is easily identifiable by its fixed landing gear, twin-boom fuselage and V-tail. Its engine, a Hirth model F23, produces 50 HP and is much larger than the engines shown above.
pravda.com.ua/eng/articles/2…
Image
Read 23 tweets
Jun 5
1. The Loaf (Bukhanka), a van designed in 1965, has become russia’s main battlefield transport vehicle. The Loaf reveals a lot about how well russia is doing in Ukraine. Image
2. The Loaf has been produced since 1965 in several variants. Four-wheel drive is its most interesting feature, otherwise it is extremely basic. All ages of Loaves are seen on the battlefield: ancient to brand new. A 112 HP petrol engine means it is not fast. Image
3. The suspension is prehistoric. It has solid axels with leaf spring front and rear. Although it has a sway bar, this vehicle is unlikely to be good for high speeds. The Loaf is easy prey for Ukraine’s FPV drones. Image
Read 14 tweets
Jun 2
1. Russian Telegram states, “we often see military equipment at the front tuned with metal meshes. The chain-link mesh creates a protective space over the car from enemy drops, and has already saved many lives.” But a Soviet-aera Saporoshez SAS 968 with an anti-drone cage? Image
2. The Saporoshez was made from 1971 to 1994 and has a 45 HP air-cooled V4. Apparently, it can reach 100 km/h (62 mph) in 32 seconds (one assumes unloaded). It seems unlikely this would outrun an FPV drone. Image
3. Also a sign that things are not going well for the russians: a Lada 2101 with some chicken wire is now considered a “military vehicle”.
t.me/fronttyagach82…
Image
Read 5 tweets
May 23
1. A russian group showed a short video of their #drone work bench and claimed it demonstrated how they are “FPV-geniuses”. Let’s have a closer look at their assembly work and decide for ourselves.
t.me/FPV_vyZOV/1508
Image
2. This is where 8 or so people (counting soldering pencils) are assembling drones. Curiously, there are two large workbench soldering stations but the battery-powered soldering pencils seem to be preferred. The workbench unit is overkill if only used for heat-shrink. Image
3. They all use the same tool kit that is made by iFlight. One interesting detail is that the soldering pencils included in the kit are powered by large LiPo batteries (like drones use) instead of mains power. The kits all look new. Image
Read 9 tweets

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