@solonko1648, who's a serving Ukrainian soldier, has published an excellent pair of threads in Ukrainian describing how the Russian system of trenches and firing positions works. It's a very helpful insight into why they have been so difficult to overcome.
He focuses on a Russian fortified stronghold between the villages of Robotyne and Novoprokopivka, through which the road from one village to the other runs. Tokmak lies further along the same road, which is currently contested. The following thread translates his description:
By @solonko1648:
This, dear friends, is one of the most difficult strongholds located in the Robotyne-Novoprokopivka area. A complex system of trenches-tunnels, dugouts, firing positions, to which the Russian invaders cling with all their might... 🧵 /1
What we see first. A system of trenches and firing positions. From observation and tracking of the movements of the occupiers' equipment and personnel, we confirm movement and approach routes to the position. /2
In general, these routes should be obvious, but of course, all the data should be studied and the information verified. That's why this is a formal process. Next, we see from above how these positions are equipped. We see the overlapping of dugouts. /3
But that's not all. Some of the trenches are covered over for a long distance. They may not be tunnels in the classical sense, but technically they are. This is actually a trench-tunnel, designed to hide the number of personnel and their movements in the trenches. /4
With the help of aerial reconnaissance, we determine not only which route the occupiers take to enter/leave. We also identify the entrances/exits of this stronghold/trench system. /5
A little more about the "tunnels". According to the soldiers of the frontline units, there is a classic tunnel here. It's under the road that leads from Robotyne to Novoprokopivka. It connects both flanks of this system. /6
Moreover, we also know that dugouts have been dug here, which actually have a second underground floor, going deep into the ground. While we were waiting for the shells, the occupiers were digging. And they dug long and deep. /7
After fierce fighting and artillery shelling, our artillery "opened" the dugouts and covered trenches. After that, it became clearer how much more difficult the task was. 8/
Furthermore, in the area where the main entrance to these positions is located from the west, it is only after a dense artillery barrage that the untrained eye will become aware of how well some of the trench-tunnels on this side were camouflaged. /9
The occupiers successfully used the forest belt to prepare and camouflage these positions. Such positions require us to conduct very thorough and vigilant reconnaissance. The occupiers know what we are interested in and try prevent us from conducting it properly. /10
You can watch the process in this video. /11
Now I will talk about the eastern part of the fortification. /12
It is not so much a separate fortified point as part of an extensive system, overcoming which was an extremely difficult task, taking into account the features of the hostilities, the terrain and the ratio of forces and means that I talked about. /13
The two main parts of the fortifications are connected by an underground tunnel that runs under the road. This way, the road is controlled and still used for its intended purpose. /14
Note the shape of the trench in front of the forest plantation (except for the area near the road). We have already seen a similar structure on the defence line that stretched northwest of Verbove. /15
Also note another example of the use of terrain. The system of fortifications uses the plantation to cover the entrance and exit. There are also fortifications in the rear. A circular defence pattern is observed. /16
Here, too, the artillery of the Ukrainian Armed Forces performed the task of "opening" the trenches built in the style of tunnels. A similar picture could be seen in the western part of these fortifications on the other side of the road, which I analysed earlier. /17
Also note the layout of the trenches closer to the road. Imagine what it would be like to storm/clear them. Another sceptical remark to the adherents of "elastic defence". No one was going to leave here even to return. They clung to this stronghold with all their might. /18
And then there's the wormhole. Another reminder that some people like to call the Russian invaders worms. /19
1/ Russia's air defence teams are manned by "homeless people, alcoholics, deserters, disabled people, idiots", complains a Russian warblogger. In the face of continued failures to stop Ukrainian drone attacks, urgent investment in robotic defence systems is advocated. ⬇️
2/ 'Military Chronicle' argues that "recent incidents involving the use of attack drones against targets in Moscow and Voronezh demonstrate that the human factor is becoming the most critical vulnerability in modern air defence systems."
3/ 'Dead Heads' explains that Russia's mobile fire teams are attracting the wrong kind of recruits: "We're forming Mobile Task Forces (MOGs) and assembling them by units: homeless people, alcoholics, 500s, disabled people, idiots – why aren't they shooting down anything?"
1/ The Russian warblogger 'Fighterbomber', a retired Russian air force pilot, is taking heavy flak from other warbloggers for disclosing a fuel delivery to Crimea that the Ukrainians promptly blew up. "Go fuck yourself. Preferably holding hands," he responds. ⬇️
2/ On 17 June, in an apparent attempt to refute widespread accounts of fuel shortages in Crimea, 'Fighterbomber' wrote on his Telegram channel: "The audience is saying that fuel has arrived in Crimea. Lots of it. There's more coming. 😍"
3/ Three days later, Ukrainian forces struck the Kerch oil terminal's fuel depot, causing a major fire. An official Ukrainian Telegram channel trolled Fighterbomber by crediting the warblogger for the strike (it's unlikely that he had any influence on it).
1/ Dozens of specialist workers were likely killed or wounded in today's Ukrainian strike in Voronezh. Russian warbloggers are dismayed, complain that the Russian government is ignoring it, and call for London to be nuked in retaliation. ⬇️
2/ Heavy missiles (it's not yet clear what type; the Russian warbloggers assume a UK/French Storm Shadow or SCALP/ER) have caused heavy damage and raging fires at the Voronezh Semiconductor Devices Plant, a vital element of Russia's missile production chain.
3/ The regional governor says that five people are known to have died, with dozens more injured. He says that while most were able to take shelter and survived, many ignored the alert and were caught up in the attack.
1/ Russian warbloggers complain that their readers are insufficiently enthusiastic about the disastrous war in Ukraine, following an outpouring of negative sentiment after the drone strikes on Moscow. "Social media has been a living hell since yesterday," one gripes. ⬇️
2/ Warblogger Andrey Antonov urges his readers not to believe what they're reading:
"Be vigilant! Social media has been a living hell since yesterday.
A coordinated campaign against our peace of mind is underway.
I saw the same thing in 2022, during Crocus, Kursk, and so on."
3/ "Your feed is flooded with nonsense, both from new accounts you never followed and from tried-and-true opposition faggots you never followed, but bots are amplifying the popularity of these posts, and they're popping up everywhere.
1/ The occupied Donetsk region is being isolated from Russia through drone-dropped remote mining, according to reports from the area. The forced closure of border checkpoints highlights the region's vulnerability to Ukraine's anti-logistics campaign. ⬇️
2/ Despite occupied regions of Ukraine having been formally annexed, Russia still maintains full border controls with its 'new territories'. This is generally believed to be to meant prevent the smuggling of weapons and drugs, and to stop military deserters returning to Russia.
3/ However, the retention of border controls has also created chokepoints which Ukraine can block. Recent reports have indicated that air-dropped mines are being deployed around the checkpoints from Ukrainian drones, many kilometres from the front line.
1/ Ukraine's attacks against bridges, ferries, and logistics in Crimea have virtually cut off the peninsula. Russian warbloggers are reacting with anger and dismay. "Crimea has become an island," one admits. "Are we tolerating it?", demands another. ⬇️
2/ 'Intelligence Diary' sums up the situation following a Ukrainian attack using hundreds of UAVs, with Russia claiming to have shot down 239 but many more getting through:
"Crimea has become an island.
No ferry
No gasoline
No Chongar Bridge
No buses
No trains"
3/ He reports gloomily that "Crimea is in a complete fuel lockdown and there's a gasoline panic.
People are close to hysteria. The peninsula is descending into chaos."
He notes that Ukraine's data-enabled attack planning is fundamentally changing the situation for Russia: