America's most controversial philosopher has been banned from his campus at SUNY Fredonia.
The university says they have to do it because if he stays on campus, there's a risk he'll inspire terrorism.
Let's look through some of this man's philosophical contributions!🧵
One of his contributions is the idea that it is morally permissible to discount women's applications.
Indeed, the strong form of this argument says that people are obligated to discriminate against women.
He has also argued for a policy of killing people. Specifically, killing bad people.
"Just War" theory may say assassination is bad, but, Stephen argues, that needs to change.
Much of Stephen's work is philanthropically defending the defenseless and other of society's victims.
For example, he's a defender of people who have a romantic preference for Asians.
He sometimes delves into heavy topics, like the conditions under which trash talk is moral and permissible.
He's willing to say the things that no one else will, like that slavery is OK and it's not clear why it isn't, speaking as a liberal.
Speaking of slavery, he's also talked about reparations.
TL;DR: no one owes them; it's not clear who inherits the right to them; if said right existed, it's dispersed among many and it's less plausible with each generation; and since slave descendants do a lot of crime... QED.
He's willing to take this further and make it into a full-blown principle: if you can't quantify the damage, you're not owed anything.
He's willing to argue that sexual fantasies—non-perceptual thoughts that are sexually arousing—aren't immoral, unless you're a consequentialist.
Without him, would we understand the morality of faking orgasms?
Should we torture people during interrogation?
He argues that it's not morally impermissible. There are many scenarios in which it's fine, but this ultimately hinges on whether it works.
In fact, he's written an entire book-length defense of torture.
Many colleges have taken a turn against hazing and sought to ban the practice.
He argues that, since hazing involves informed consent, they should permit it.
He's argued that being religiously pro-life doesn't really make sense.
How can abortion be killing and it still be wrong to harm abortion doctors? Something doesn't add up!
He's argued, rather than comparing population means, we should compare population totals, size differences and all, for health cost-benefit analyses.
Say a minority group suffers from a rare but treatable disease. Why treat it when you can give out aspirin to majority members?
One of the arguments for affirmative action is that it promotes experiential diversity on college campuses.
But, he argues, this is probably not justifiable, and the idea that minority beliefs will rub off on majorities doesn't even seem relevant.
He's also argued that it's not exactly clear why Americans are grateful to veterans and, in fact, they shouldn't be!
So why is Stephen Kershnar being kicked off campus?
The campus police chief claimed—rightly or wrongly—that his presence was a danger to others.
You know who might be willing to argue this case?
Stephen Kershnar.
• • •
Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to
force a refresh
So, at least in this propensity score- or age-matched data, there's no reason to chalk the benefit up to the weight loss effects.
This is a hint though, not definitive. Another hint is that benefits were observed in short trials, meaning likely before significant weight loss.
We can be doubly certain about that last hint because diabetics tend to lose less weight than non-diabetics, and all of the observed benefit has so far been observed in diabetic cohorts, not non-diabetic ones (though those directionally show benefits).
Diets that restrict carbohydrate consumption lead to improved blood sugar and insulin levels, as well as reduced insulin resistance.
Additionally, they're good or neutral for the liver and kidneys, and they don't affect the metabolic rate.
Carbohydrate isn't the only thing that affects glycemic parameters.
So does fat!
So, for example, if you replace 5% of dietary calories from saturated fat with PUFA, that somewhat improves fasting glucose levels (shown), and directionally improves fasting insulin:
Dietary composition may not be useful for improving the rate of weight loss ceteris paribus, but it can definitely make it easier given what else it changes.
Those non-metabolism details may be why so many people find low-carb diets so easy!
There's a popular belief that family wealth is gone in three generations.
The first earns it, the second stewards it, and the third spends it away: from shirtsleeves to shirtsleeves in three generations!
But how true is this belief?
Gregory Clark has new evidence🧵
The first thing to note is that family wealth is correlated across many generations. For example, in medieval England, this is how wealth at death correlates across six generations.
It correlates substantially enough to persist for twelve generations at observed rates of decay:
But why?
The dominant theory among laypeople is social: that the wealth is directly transmitted.
This is testable, and the Malthusian era provides us with lots of data for testing.
The Catholic Church helped to modernize the West due to its ban on cousin marriage and its disdain for adoption, but also by way of its opposition to polygyny.
The origin of this disdain arguably lies with Church Fathers like Justin Martyr, Irenaeus, and Tertullian🧵
Justin Martyr, in his Dialogue with Trypho argues with a Jew that Christians are the ones living in continuity with God's true intentions.
Justin sees Genesis 2 ("the two shall become one flesh") as normative.
In his apologetic world, Christians are supposed to transcend lust.
Irenaeus, in Against Heresies, is attacking Gnostics (Basilides, Carpocrates), whose sexual practices he finds scandalous.
To him, "temperance dwells, self-restraint is practiced, monogamy is observed"—polygyny is a doctrinal and moral deviation from creation affirmation.
The effects of charter schools on student test scores are meta-analytically estimated to be small.
In this study, the largest estimated effect was estimated to be equivalent to ~1.35 IQ points, for mathematics scores, which consistently showed larger effects than reading scores.
Similarly, the estimated effect of parents' preferred schools and of elite public secondary schools on test scores is around zero.
More interestingly, it seems charter school openings lead to competition that marginally boosts non-charter student performance and reduces absenteeism by very small degrees: