GPR have been a part of US Military anti-tunnel tactics since the late 1990's because of DPRK nuclear weapons developments and the work of the Defense Threat Reduction Agency's (DTRA).
DTRA was also concerned about terrorists home brew chemical and biological weapons and funded basic research on a 2000 lb thermobaric & dirt/concrete penetrating bomb to sterilize the threat of such 'sub-national' laboratories, as well as DPRK tunnels.
6/
Come 9/11/2001, all the elements for what became the BLU-118 were in place, save for the money to execute the technology.
A month later, an emergency program to create the BLU-118 armor piercing thermobaric bomb was underway to dig out Al-Qaeda from it's Afghan caves.
7/
This photo clip from Globalsecurity -dot- org has a lot of information on the BLU-118's development history.
A 2,000lb BLU-118 with a JDAMs guidance kit is a technological answer to many tunnel problems.
And the BLU-118 has been in Israeli Air Force hands for over a decade.
8/
There have been many videos of BLU-118/B thermobaric warheads cracking Hamas tunnels in Gaza.
Such tunnel strikes have a characteristic upwards jet of fuel rich, hot/black, combustion smoke.
This photo is thermal image view of a Blu-118 tunnel attack.
It comes from a NY TIMES 'analysis' on youtube - read speculation tarted up as fact - titled "Gaza’s Deadly Night: How Israeli Airstrikes Killed 44 People."
12/
This is another drone thermal camera view that was mislabeled by the NY TIMES as six impact craters on Al Wada Street.
They are in fact the signature of a single thermobaric bomb's fuel expanding out a complete Hamas tunnel system.
13/
The issue is less Hamas tunnels for Israel than Hamas bunker systems under Gaza urban terrain than the fact Hamas has had 15 years to make that urban terrain nastier than Iwo Jima.
The Hamas tunnels are storage for rockets that reach central Israel.
The Hamas defensive...
14/
...bunker system can be taken by either an assault or by siege.
The former will cause about 20,000 IDF casualties while the latter will cause around ~8,000.
Either IDF approach will cost hundreds of thousands of Palestinians lives because Hamas is a death cult.
15/15 End
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...4xCIWS (30mm+), & 64 VLS cells plus several light autocannon are the floor capability for a naval combatant.
For a power projection naval combatant, you are also going to need an old style Mark 26 launcher plus 32-to-64 VLS cells because you can reload at Mark 26 via...
2/
...underway replenishment (UNREP).
Drones have made all current VLS cell designs that can't be reloaded underway 'unfit for purpose' in a power projection navy.
These limitations reflect both the technological and logistical incompetence of USN flag ranks and their staffs.
3/
And remember, these Russian losses are _UNDERCOUNTED_ due to the OSINT technical limitation in recognizing fragmentation damage caused by US & Turkish cluster munitions & airburst 155mm shells.
And this OSINT UNDERCOUNT has been true the entire war.
The drone based, persistent, Sauron from Lord of the Rings-like "All Seeing Eye" didn't just "kill the archer" the way a CB-Radar does.
The drone's persistent surveillance killed two "archers" & an important node in the artillery supply chain supporting both destroyed Grads 2/
Counter-battery radars like the AN/TPQ-53 Quick Reaction Capability Radar are simply a lot more expensive that drones, are uniquely vulnerable to anti-radiation missiles, and take a long time to replace.
Furthermore, CB-radars are much more limited in allocated frequencies... 3/
I think both occurred, but the competence matters far less than senior leaders who reward being lied too in order to support their delusions about the world.
Yet the brutal ignorance & technical incompetence demonstrated by Western & Israeli
2/
...intelligence of the implications of the GPS jamming on Iran’s road to Lebanon just makes me shake my head.
The implications of the map be low stands out like an airport beacon.
Former CIA director & DoD SecDef Gates "no major wars" defenestration of US EW capability,