Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
Oct 30, 2023 7 tweets 4 min read Read on X
PMC C0VID-19 Tracker, Oct 30, 2023

We're at the onset of an 8th U.S. pandemic wave.

Today's Numbers:
🔹 1.27% (1 in 78) are infectious
🔹 >600,000 C0VID cases/day
🔹>30,000 #LongCovid cases/day

We will pass the late-summer wave's peak in just over a month.

1/
CURRENT ESTIMATES FOR October 30, 2023 Wastewater Levels (copies/mL) 418 New Daily Cases 609,000 % of Population Infectious 1.27% (1 in 78 people) New Daily Long COVID Cases  30,000 to 122,000   4-WEEK FORECAST FOR November 27, 2023 Wastewater Levels (copies/mL) 579 (38% higher) New Daily Cases 842,000 % of Population Infectious 1.76% (1 in 57 people) New Daily Long COVID Cases  42,000 to 168,000
The different forecasting models reach a strikingly similar conclusion about where we'll be in a month: very bad.

November 27 by the Numbers:
🔹 1.76% (1 in 57) are infectious
🔹 >800,000 C0VID cases/day
🔹>40,000 #LongCovid cases/day

2/

Forecasting nuance:

Alt Model #1 (turtle) thinks the current real-time numbers are an underestimate, and it ignores the most recent week's data. Alt Model #2 (cheetah) accounts for recent errors in the real-time numbers; with low error, it maps on very closely to the real-time (red) line. The black line shows the composite used for reporting estimates. Note, everything converges in 4 weeks.
4-WEEK FORECAST FOR November 27, 2023 Wastewater Levels (copies/mL) 579 (38% higher) New Daily Cases 842,000 % of Population Infectious 1.76% (1 in 57 people) New Daily Long COVID Cases  42,000 to 168,000
Zooming out to the full pandemic, you can see that we are entering the 8th wave.

Today, there is more transmission than during 50.6% of pandemic days. It's a coin toss as to whether any particular day of the pandemic has had more or less transmission than today. 😷💉
3/ There is more COVID-19 transmission today        than during 50.6% of the pandemic.  CURRENT ESTIMATES FOR October 30, 2023 Wastewater Levels (copies/mL) 418 New Daily Cases 609,000 % of Population Infectious 1.27% (1 in 78 people) New Daily Long COVID Cases  30,000 to 122,000   WEEKLY ESTIMATES FOR October 30, 2023 New Weekly Cases 4,300,000 New Weekly Long COVID Cases  213,000 to 853,000   2023 CUMULATIVE ESTIMATES AS OF October 30, 2023 Total 2023 Cases To Date 185,317,950 Total 2023 Long COVID Cases To Date  9,266,000 to 37,064,000
Although we're about to exit the valley between the 7th & 8th waves, transmission is still very high. Large groups amplify transmission.

For example, in a group of 20-25, there's about a 25% chance someone would have infectious C19. In a large lecture hall, it's assumed.

4/ What’s the COVID Risk in an Office or in a Classroom?  Number of people  |  chances anyone is infectious  1	1.3% 2	2.5% 3	3.8% 4	5.0% 5	6.2% 6	7.4% 7	8.6% 8	9.8% 9	10.9% 10	12.0% 15	17.5% 20	22.6% 25	27.4% 30	31.9% 35	36.2% 40	40.1% 50	47.3% 75	61.8% 100	72.3% 150	85.4% 200	92.3% 300	97.9% 400	99.4% 500	99.8%
Here's the danger of a Thanksgiving gathering in the U.S. (Nov 23). Many people are finalizing holiday plans now.

In a large family gathering of 15-20 people, there's about a 25% chance someone would be infectious.

I am quite confident in these numbers.

5/ In the U.S., What’s the COVID Risk for Thanksgiving?  Number of people  |  Chances anyone is infectious  1	1.6% 2	3.3% 3	4.9% 4	6.4% 5	8.0% 6	9.5% 7	11.0% 8	12.4% 9	13.9% 10	15.3% 15	22.0% 20	28.2% 25	33.9% 30	39.2% 35	44.0% 40	48.5% 50	56.4% 75	71.2% 100	81.0% 150	91.7% 200	96.4% 300	99.3% 400	99.9% 500	>99.9%
Here's the possible danger of a Christmas gathering in the U.S. (Dec 25).

I am exceedingly cautious on posting long-range forecasts. They are speculative and do not account for the highly-valuable near-term fluctuations that can occur, particularly if there's an immune-evasive variant. Take these as my best point estimates nearly two months out, for illustrative purposes just so people get an idea of how bad things may be. Many people are booking trips now, so these rough estimates may be useful.

In a small gathering of 9-10 people, there's about a 25% chance someone is infectious. Once you start looking at large family or multi-family gatherings that span 20-25 people, you basically begin to assume someone has infectious C19.

6/
In the U.S., What’s the COVID Risk for Christmas Day?  Number of People  |  Chances anyone is infectious 1	3.1% 2	6.2% 3	9.1% 4	11.9% 5	14.7% 6	17.4% 7	19.9% 8	22.5% 9	24.9% 10	27.2% 15	37.9% 20	47.0% 25	54.8% 30	61.5% 35	67.1% 40	72.0% 50	79.6% 75	90.8% 100	95.8% 150	99.1% 200	99.8% 300	>99.9% 400	>99.9% 500	>99.9%
Here's the full PMC Dashboard for Oct 30.

You can read the full report at

Please share across other social media platforms. Much appreciated. 🙏

7/pmc19.com/data

There is more COVID-19 transmission today        than during 50.6% of the pandemic.  CURRENT ESTIMATES FOR October 30, 2023 Wastewater Levels (copies/mL) 418 New Daily Cases 609,000 % of Population Infectious 1.27% (1 in 78 people) New Daily Long COVID Cases  30,000 to 122,000   WEEKLY ESTIMATES FOR October 30, 2023 New Weekly Cases 4,300,000 New Weekly Long COVID Cases  213,000 to 853,000   2023 CUMULATIVE ESTIMATES AS OF October 30, 2023 Total 2023 Cases To Date 185,317,950 Total 2023 Long COVID Cases To Date  9,266,000 to 37,064,000   4-WEEK FORECAST FOR November 27, 2023 Wastewater Leve...

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More from @michael_hoerger

Mar 23
PMC #COVID Update, March 23, 2026 (U.S.)

Transmission levels have plummeted nationally as we shift from the 12th wave toward a relative "lull."

Over half the states have "Very Low" relative transmission, per the CDC.

🧵THREAD 1 of 8 Heat map using CDC levels and PMC estimate of prevalence (1 in 147 actively infectious nationwide).
Transmission varies considerably by state.

Highest
🔥Mississippi: 1 in 31 estimated actively infectious
🔥Michigan: 1 in 41
*Both states w/limited data though

Rates are quite low in relative terms in California, AZ, FL, HI, ID, MA, NV, NY, OR, RI, UT, WI

🧵THREAD 2 of 8 Alabama	Very Low Alaska	Very Low Arizona	Very Low Arkansas	Low* California	Very Low Colorado	Very Low Connecticut	Low Delaware	Moderate District of Columbia	Low Florida	Very Low Georgia	Very Low Guam	Very Low Hawaii	Very Low Idaho	Very Low Illinois	Very Low Indiana	Low Iowa	Moderate Kansas	Low Kentucky	Moderate Louisiana	Low Maine	Very Low Maryland	Moderate Massachusetts	Very Low Michigan	High* Minnesota	Moderate Mississippi	High* Missouri	Low Montana	Very Low Nebraska	Low Nevada	Very Low New Hampshire	Low* New Jersey	Low New Mexico	Very Low New York	Very Low North Carolina	Low North Dakota...
The 6th anniversary of the WHO's pandemic declaration was March 11.

Bots, minimizers, & individuals' psychological defense mechanisms will downplay that.

Yet, the U.S. just had a 12th wave. We estimate >5 cumulative infections/person & ongoing health harms.

🧵THREAD 3 of 8 Graph of the 12 waves of the pandemic (U.S.)
Read 8 tweets
Mar 14
As of today, the COVID-19 pandemic is now longer than WWII.
If you have been living in denial the past 6 years, know that the U.S. is winding down from a 12th wave of infections presently.
Denial is but one of several obvious defense mechanisms people use to try to block their awareness of the ongoing toll of COVID-19. There are many others.

Short-term capital also plays a role, but even that requires a large dose of defense mechanisms.

Read 7 tweets
Jan 25
During this 12th COVlD wave, the CDC reports 1-in-3 states have "High" or "Very High" levels.

PMC estimates the proportion of residents actively infectious (prevalence):
◾️USA: 1 in 67
◾️IA: 1 in 27
◾️MI: 1 in 25
◾️IN & CT: 1 in 23
◾️ME: 1 in 21
◾️OK & SD: 1 in 17

🧵1/ Heat map using CDC data. National PMC prevalence estimate noted; estimated incidence of 732,000 new daily infections.
On average, Americans have have 5.0 cumulative SARS-CoV-2 infections.

This week's infections are expected to result in 1/4 to 1 million new #LongCOVID conditions and ≈2,000 excess deaths.
🧵2/ Column 1: Table of state-level prevalence estimates. Highest estimates noted in the thread text.  Column 2:  Proportion Actively Infectious										1 in 67 (1.5%) New Daily Infections										 732,000  Infections the Past Week										 5,220,000  Infections in 2026										 24,000,000  Cumulative Infections per Person										 5.04  										 Long COVID										 Long COVID Cases Resulting								37,000 to 146,000		   from New Daily Infections										 Long COVID Cases Resulting								261,000 to 1,040,000		   from New Weekly Infections										 										 Excess Deaths										 Ex...
The wave peak is now estimated >10% higher than last week at 1.2 million new daily infections, nearly double the Delta wave.

We expect sustained high transmission (≈600,000 to 750,000 new daily infections) the next few weeks as COVlD circulates through schools/families.
🧵3/ Fig 1: Graph of 12 waves  Fig 2: "Barometer" showing above average transmission  Fig 3: Year-over-year graph, which informs the analytic forecast  Fig 4: Forecast described in post
Read 4 tweets
Jan 17
Based on today's CDC & Biobot data, we estimate the following for the week of Jan 19:

🔸1 in 52 people in the U.S. actively infectious
🔸25% chance of exposure in a room of 15 ppl
🔸Nearly 1 million new daily infections
🔸5 cumulative infections per person all-time (avg)
🧵1/5 Heat map from CDC data with PMC estimates. Description of "Very High" states in next post
Transmission estimates have been marginally corrected upward.

11 states have Very High COVlD levels:

🔸PA: 1 in 25 estimated actively infectious
🔸MI: 1 in 23
🔸OH & KY: 1 in 22
🔸SD: 1 in 20
🔸NE & IA: 1 in 18
🔸IL & ME: 1 in 17
🔸IN: 1 in 16
🔸WV: 1 in 11
🧵2/5 Proportion Actively Infectious										1 in 52 (1.9%) New Daily Infections										 941,000  Infections the Past Week										 6,020,000  Infections in 2026										 18,000,000  Cumulative Infections per Person										 5.01  										 Long COVID										 Long COVID Cases Resulting								47,000 to 188,000		   from New Daily Infections										 Long COVID Cases Resulting								301,000 to 1,200,000		   from New Weekly Infections										 										 Excess Deaths										 Excess Deaths Resulting 									270 to 450	   from New Daily Infections										 Excess Deaths Resulting 				...
We're in the middle of a 12th COVlD wave.

The peak has likely passed, but with students headed back to school, transmission is expected to remain high for at least the next several weeks.

🧵3/5 1) Graph of 12 waves 2) Barometer showing above-average transmission 3) Year over year graph 4) Forecast for transmission to decline and then percolate at high levels
Read 5 tweets
Jan 10
The size of the winter COVlD wave has been revised upward as post-holiday data come in.

We estimated 1 in 55 people in the U.S. are actively infectious.

🔥WV: 1 in 14
🔥IN: 1 in 15
🔥MI & OH: 1 in 21
🔥MO: 1 in 22
🔥CT: 1 in 24
🔥KS: 1 in 25
🔥MA & IL: 1 in 27

Quick 🧵 1/4 Heat map and PMC estimates, 1 in 55 infectious and 892,000 new daily infections for Jan 12.  We expedited the report to release it two days early.
Nationally, we are seeing an estimated 892,000 new daily SARS-CoV-2 infections, meaning a 1 in 4 chance of exposure in a room of 15 people. Risk varies considerably by state.

We are approaching an average of 5 infections per person since pandemic onset.
🧵 2/4 Alabama	Moderate Alaska	Very Low Arizona	Very Low Arkansas	High* California	Very Low Colorado	Low Connecticut	Very High Delaware	Moderate District of Columbia	Very Low Florida	Very Low Georgia	Very Low Guam	Very Low Hawaii	Very Low Idaho	Very Low Illinois	Very High Indiana	Very High Iowa	High Kansas	Very High Kentucky	Moderate Louisiana	Moderate Maine	High Maryland	High Massachusetts	Very High Michigan	Very High* Minnesota	Moderate Mississippi	Low* Missouri	Very High* Montana	High Nebraska	High Nevada	Very Low New Hampshire	Moderate New Jersey	Low New Mexico	Moderate New York	High* North Ca...
We are in the 12th COVlD wave of the U.S.

Current transmission is higher than 68% of all days since the pandemic onset in 2020.
🧵 3/4 12 waves of COVlD  Pandemic barometer: Higher than 88% of the past 100 days, 73% of the past year, 68% of the entire pandemic.  Year over year graph  Forecast of slowly declining transmission.
Read 4 tweets
Jan 8
You might not have heard, but the northeastern U.S. is in a COVlD surge.

We use wastewater levels to derive estimates of the proportion of people actively infectious in each state (prevalence), e.g., 1 in 24 people in Connecticut.

Let me walk you through it...

🧵1/8 Colors show CDC levels PMC prevalence estimates noted: -Maine 1 in 38 actively infectious with COVlD -New Hampshire 1 in 35 (limited data) -Vermont 1 in 75 -New York 1 in 44 (limited data) -Pennsylvania 1 in 44 -Massachusetts 1 in 36 -Connecticut 1 in 24 -Rhode Island 1 in 41 -New Jersey 1 in 82
Notice that #Connecticut has excellent SARS-CoV-2 wastewater surveillance. It's "Very High" across much of the state, per CDC.

Based on wastewater levels, we estimate 1 in 24 residents are actively infectious w/COVlD. That's a 66% exposure risk in a room of 25 people.

🧵2/8 Colors show CDC levels PMC estimate of prevalence
The CDC reports "Very High" levels in #Massachusetts.

The surveillance is less robust, but we estimate 1 in 26 residents are actively infectious, similar to our estimate in CT where coverage is better.

In a room of 25 people, that's a 62% chance of an exposure.

🧵3/8 Colors show CDC levels PMC prevalence estimates provided
Read 8 tweets

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