Over the past century, dating and marriage had massive changes. The amount of non-marriage occurring for each generation is rising.
Further: The difference between the number of never-married men and women also increased.
What caused this? A recent study parsed 7 million individual data points from 2019 into a few different factors. While we can't say directly with the data what is causing the overall trend we can certainly look for differences between men and women:
[Note: the year on the graphs is for birth years (male cohort) not data from that date]
Income:
This is the most important factor and explains an entire 20% of never being married. Income is mattering more at a yet-to-be-stopped rate.
Education:
A similar trend here.
Home Ownership:
Similar in size to education but interestingly stable in trend.
Here, I like how the authors describe these effects:
"Thus, despite women’s greater financial independence, the importance of their spouse’s income has increased rather than decreased. Our data suggest that as women’s education and income increase, so do their demands for education and income in a potential spouse, a trend that leads to greater pressure on men to earn higher incomes."
This is the most detailed study on personality and intelligence ever done:
First, the Big Five: Neuroticism is robustly associated with lower intelligence, particularly processing speed and quantitative ability.
Next Extraversion and Openness:
Extraversion itself has no correlation to intelligence (r= -0.02); however, activity and and enthusiauaim do—smarter people are more lively!
Openness has the strongest association of the five, its easy to see as 'ideas' correlates at r=0.4.
For Agreeableness and Conscientiousness, there are no broad associations; there are as many agreeable, intelligent people as there are disagreeable ones.
Though compassion and industriousness do have positive associations with intelligence!
Pit bulls are bred to be violent; this has inevitable costs on society.
What you might not expect is that activists and owners are working hard to socialize these costs.
A thread on a microcosm of fairness, "justice", and discrimination. 🧵
Pit bulls are not like other dogs: they are bred to fight.
In the pit, dogs are expected to clash round after round. The first round begins with the dogs both released at once, they must race and attack the other—the round ends when the dog who is overpowered "Turns" away.
You would be forgiven to think that this is like boxing, where, after a number of rounds, a winner is decided, emphasizing strength and skill. This is NOT how dog fights are decided: the winner is selected by attrition or death.
Above is the average genetic score of high school students, but I'll get to that later.
Below are the results of a meta-analysis on education. Here, education, using different methods, points to a 1-3 IQ point increase per additional year!
So there is certainly an effect! But let's put that into context: a 3 IQ point increase equals a Cohen's d of 0.2, or 1% of the variance.
1% isn't nothing, but look at what the rest shows us: the smartest students are considerably better, 3 IQ points is small in comparison.
McNamara’s Folly and The Denial of Individual Differences 🧵
The utmost importance of Intelligence in war, and the grim reality of what happened when the Military drafted over 300,000 low IQ men.
Robert McNamara, the eighth Secretary of Defense, was a genius.
At different points in his life was an Eagle Scout, the youngest and most highly paid assistant professor at Harvard Business School, and a president at Ford Motor Company.
He had mastered quantitative analysis by running the B-29 Bomber schedules and statistics in WWII and then later at Ford. In the 1960s, as Sec. of Defense he attempted to apply a similar process to the military.