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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Dec 2

A chronic post-vaccination syndrome (PVS) after covid-19 vaccination has been reported!

People who experienced rare long-term adverse events after COVID-19 vaccination often had neurologic symptoms. 1/

Among 241 people who self-reported a post-vaccination syndrome (PVS), the five most common symptoms were exercise intolerance (71%), excessive fatigue (69%), numbness (63%), brain fog (63%), and neuropathy (63%). 2/

Median participant age was 46. Most were women (80%), white (87%), and from the U.S. (88%). About half (55%) received the Pfizer-BioNTech (Comirnaty) vaccine and 37% had the Moderna (Spikevax) shot. 3/

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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Dec 1

Can we put the ‘genie’ in the bottle again?

⚠️ A new study points that the NEW XBB.1.5 booster elicits neutralizing antibody responses against current variants that are dominated by recall of pre-existing memory B cells previously induced by the Wuhan-Hu-1 spike. 1/

These results indicate that immune imprinting persists even after multiple exposures to Omicron spikes through vaccination and infection, including post XBB.1.5 spike booster mRNA vaccination, which will need to be considered to guide the design of future vaccine boosters. 2/

The lack of detectable NAbs specific for XBB.1.5 S & scarcity of memory B cells binding to the XBB.1.5 RBD, but not Wuhan-Hu-1 RBD, indicate that the antibodies elicited by XBB.1.5 are dominated by recall of pre-existing memory B cells induced by Wuhan-Hu-1 S vaccination 3/

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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Nov 30

A new study finds that classic Post-Covid19 MIS-C (characterized by Vβ21.3+ T-cell expansion) may not be specifically linked to SARS-CoV-2 virus, but could have been triggered by other pathogens, including seasonal HCoV. 1/

They retrospectively identified at least four such identical cases with specific immune MIS-C signature ‘Vβ21.3+ T-cell expansion’ in their hospital PICU during 2006 through 2018. 2/

The clinical, biologic, & immunologic features that they observed in these prepandemic and SARS-CoV-2–negative patients were indistinguishable from those seen in patients with MIS-C. 3/

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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Nov 29

A new study concludes that ORF10 gene of SARS-CoV-2 contributes to more severe COVID-19 clinical outcomes in human and may have played a role in enabling the SARS-CoV-2 virus to perpetrate the pandemic 1/

Orphan genes have been implicated in viral evolution, however, little concerted effort has been made to track their appearance and their potential associations with emergent diseases.
Recent experimentation indicated ORF10 expression moderates innate immunity in vitro. 2/

A new study finds that ORF10 sequence is identical to the Wu-Hu-1 haplotype in 95% of genomes across 5 VOCs.

4 ORF10 variants are associated w/ less virulent clinical outcomes in human host: 3 of these affect ORF10 protein structure, one affects ORF10 RNA structural dynamic 3/

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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Nov 28

Widespread microstructural alterations were seen in people with #LongCOVID neurologic symptoms and in people who had COVID but recovered. These changes were more compatible with accelerated aging, rather than with neurodegeneration 1/

Patients who had problems with their sense of smell had microstructural changes in the olfactory cortex, while those with fatigue had altered microstructure in the brain stem, including the ascending arousal network. 2/

The researchers found distinct brain networks that correlated with long COVID symptoms, after adjusting for age and sex. Altered brain microstructure in the mesiotemporal cortex was associated with cognitive dysfunction. 3/

press.rsna.org/timssnet/media…

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Vipin M. Vashishtha

@vipintukur

Nov 28

One of the limitations for the use of antiviral monotherapies is the emergence of resistance mutations.
To date, nirmatrelvir (Paxlovid) has shown the best results in against variants.
A 2nd SARS2 protease inhibitor, ensitrelvir, has been developed, approved & used in Japan 1/

Here, researchers experimentally generated mutants resistant to nirmatrelvir and ensitrelvir in vitro following repeating passages of SARS-CoV-2 in the presence of both antivirals. 2/

For both molecules, the researchers demonstrated a loss of sensitivity for resistance mutants in vitro. 3/

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