Pediatrician, ‘rational’ vaccine thinker, Editor Covid Vaccines, TB on Vaccines & many others, Past-Convener IAP COI, Member-WHO-VSN https://t.co/eOvazlWmWg
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Given the essential role of type I interferon in protective immunity against SARS2 & the association of chilblains with inherited type I interferonopathies, researchers hypothesized that excessive I-IFN responses to SARS2 might underlie the occurrence of chilblains 2/ 
Aberrant DNA methylation patterns have been linked to various diseases, including cancer and metabolic disorders. 
Norepinephrine is a major signaling factor in the brain and affects almost every cell type. In the context of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, it has been shown to be anti-inflammatory. 2/ 
Metformin impacts mitochondrial metabolism, & these pre-cancerous cells need this energy to keep growing. By blocking this process, researchers stop the cells from expanding & progressing towards AML, whilst also reversing other effects of mutated DNMT3A gene 2/ 
Presence of IgG4 & IgE in COVID-19 suggests that the virus may induce an “allergic-like” response to evade immune surveillance, leading to a shift from Th1 to Th2 cells, which promotes tolerance to the virus & potentially contributes to chronic infection & may be LongCovid 2/ 
It turns out that mitochondria can actually be transferred to other cells if needed. 
Spike protein exposure was studied in human embryonic stem cell-derived retinal organoids (hEROs) at various stages of retinal development. Immunofluorescence, RNA sequencing, and RT-PCR were used to determine how S protein exposure affects retinal development early and late 2/ 
A longstanding mystery in PD has been why some people carrying pathogenic variants that increase their risk of PD go on to develop the disease, while others who also carry such variants do not. The prevailing theory has suggested additional genetic factors may play a role 2/ 
Post-infection ACE2 and TMPRSS2 expression in the upper respiratory tract has been linked to increased disease severity among adults, and higher post-infection ACE2 expression has been linked to increased secondary transmission among adults,and risk of infection in children. 2/ 
The world-first study found mice treated with the antiviral compound, developed by a multidisciplinary research team at WEHI, institute were protected from long-term brain and lung dysfunction—key symptoms of long COVID. 2/ 
In order to steer the immune response away from RBD epitopes to more conserved domains, researchers generated S glycoprotein trimers without RBD and stabilized them by formaldehyde cross-linking. 2/ 
This was associated with increased Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and Fibronectin expression, as well as structural changes in intercellular junctions between intestinal cells. 2/ 
Genetic surveillance has identified mutations that enhance H5N1's affinity for human upper respiratory cells, raising concerns that further adaptation or recombination with seasonal flu could significantly increase the risk of a pandemic. 2/ 
As with its predecessor, the new drug candidate, Jun13296, targets a different viral protein than Paxlovid does and works alone rather than in combination with another drug called ritonavir. 2/ 
LP.8.1 was first detected in July 2024. It’s a descendant of Omicron, specifically of KP.1.1.3, which is descended from JN.1, a subvariant that caused large waves of COVID infections around the world in late 2023 and early 2024. 2/ 
Scientists often think they grasp a virus's anatomy, tricks, and body movement. But occasionally, we discover something unexpected that radically transforms how we view an infection. 2/ 
One leading hypothesis involves viral “molecular mimics”—proteins from the virus that resemble the body’s own proteins. These mimics may trigger an immune response against the virus but unintentionally cause the immune system to target healthy tissues as well. 2/ 
Thus, vaccination with mRNA vaccines could lead to an enhanced immune response to future encounters with pathogens which are not specifically targeted by the vaccine. 2/ 
A group of researchers used special MRI techniques to assess perivascular spaces in the brain of 14 individuals with LongCOVID compared to 10 healthy controls. 2/ 
As demonstrated in animal studies, the vaccine removed sugar molecules from an area of a coronavirus spike protein that rarely mutates and created effective and plentiful antibodies to inactivate the virus. 2/ 
During the COVID-19 pandemic, school closures and lockdowns kept children indoors at unprecedented levels. Learning, play, and communication shifted almost entirely to digital screens. 2/