At peak surge, we will have 2 million U.S. #COVID infections/day.
Nearly 1 in 3 Americans will get infected during the peak 2 months of this winter surge. That’s 105 million infections & >5 million resulting #LongCOVID cases.
2/ Today on Christmas, 3.5% of the U.S. population (1 in 29) is actively infectious with #COVID & rising toward a Jan 10 peak.
COVID transmission is higher than during 94.7% of the pandemic. There's a 50% chance of a COVID exposure if interacting with 20 people today.
3/ We posted our first “Christmas Risk” table on October 30, and as you can see, it performed exceedingly well.
These tables should lend confidence in the PMC dashboard, and raise concern about public health leadership and the news media.
Being able to accurately predict within a few percentage points the probability of infectiousness in a room of 20 people, for example, 8 weeks out is very helpful for planning. Moreover, many would estimate *today* that the risk in a room of 20 people is <1 percentage point. We’re talking about potentially magnitudes of difference in risk estimation, and this was highly predictable long ago. It’s not something unanticipated due to a new oddly-behaving sub-variant (there will always be a new sub-variant this time of year when no mitigation) or high rates of air travel (also unsurprising). It was highly predictable, and public health officials should not be given an out. The media will try to frame this as an unanticipated surge, and it simply was not, according to those who know how to forecast.
The formal PMC forecast keeps to 4 weeks, but sometimes a more speculative long-term estimate can help with planning, especially surrounding booking travel plans. People might want to take a wait-and-see approach to booking, purchase travel insurance, or cancel entirely. We characterized the table with appropriate caution, and hopefully it was helpful.
Putting out these forecasts requires putting one’s professional reputation as a scientist on the line. It’s very easy for anonymous and fake-name accounts to make speculative forecasts. The information we provide tends to be highly conservative within a much broader set of analyses, sensitivity analyses, and scenarios considered. Know that we are very cautious about what information we share, post considerable detail on the underlying methodology and assumptions in the online report, and carefully describe how estimates may be more precise or more speculative at times. A published peer-reviewed article will ultimately account for the strengths and limitations in the accuracy of the model.
4/ Christmas infections will seed New Year’s Eve/Day infections, leading to a peak around the 10th.
Around New Year’s, interacting with 15-20 people means a 50% chance of a COVID exposure. In a restaurant or plane, the risk jumps to >98%.
5/ Zooming out to the full pandemic, we are in the 8th U.S. COVID wave & 2nd biggest all-time.
That assumes no major wastewater corrections.
We've surpassed the 1st wave, winter of 2020-21, Delta, & 2023 summer wave. Claims that “COVID is over” are harmful misinformation.
6/ Hospitals & clinicians should require universal masking. Public health officials should warn of the surge & recommend multi-layered mitigation.
Anything less is grounded in politics, short-term revenue, or defensiveness against COVID anxiety.
In the latest CDC data, 15 states have moderate to very high transmission.
🔹1 in 63 estimated actively infectious nationally, rising fastest in the Midwest & Northeast
🔹Very High: Indiana
🔹High: Nebraska, Vermont, Connecticut
🧵1/9
PMC estimates 1 in 26 people in Indiana are infectious and 1 in 39 in Connecticut.
MI, MS, and AR may have higher levels than shown due to poor reporting.
States AL to MS shown.
🧵2/9
PMC estimates 1 in 39 are infectious in both Nebraska and Vermont (coincidence, not typo).
Very few NY sites are reporting to the CDC, so use the NYS website there instead.
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
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With CDC data operational again, the transmission map is back. The data are always a week old, so transmission is likely worse than depicted.
We estimate 1 in 116 people actively infectious and 422,000 new daily infections.
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵2/10
State level estimates are back. Note, the CDC changed their data processing approach in August, which tends to downplay transmission.
Does 1 in 45 in Indiana seem "moderate"?
Levels in MI may be mod/high (poor reporting).
PMC COVlD Update, Week of Nov 24, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵3/10
State-level estimates (continued).
Current levels may be much higher than noted here. Note that CDC data are always at least a week old. The 2nd half of November is a time period historically of accelerating transmission.
PMC COVID Update, Week of Nov 10, 2025 (U.S.)
1/6🧵
🔹301,000 new daily infections based on wastewater-derived models
🔹1 in 162 people (0.6%) actively infectious
🔹Levels the past 2 months corrected upward by Biobot
🔹"Lull point" estimated between Nov 5-21. Rising soon.
PMC COVID Update, Week of Nov 10, 2025 (U.S.)
2/6🧵
The central estimate of the forecast suggests we will surpass 500,000 new daily infections on Nov 22.
There's a 25% chance of a prolonged lull like last year. More likely, we are in wave territory by the end of the month.
PMC COVID Update, Week of Nov 10, 2025 (U.S.)
3/6🧵
We are presently in a lull between the 11th and 12th wave. Now is the time to get boosted and stock up on N95 masks, tests, and air purifier filters.
The relative "lull" in SARS-CoV-2 transmission is unlikely to go much lower.
✨1 in 209 people are estimated actively infectious, likely the lowest levels of 2025 nationwide.
Get boosted. Stock up on masks, tests, & filters.
PMC COVlD Update, Nov 3, 2025 (U.S.)
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No data presently suggest the rise of a winter wave any earlier than "usual."
If following historical trends, transmission will pick up Nov 15-29. Last year's rise was atypically late.
PMC COVlD Update, Nov 3, 2025 (U.S.)
3 of 9 🧵
Expect rising misinformation/disinformation as transmission heats up:
🔹Abuse of community notes, particularly surrounding wastewater methodology
🔹Paid bot army attacks, especially about boosters & masks
Transmission typically accelerates in mid-November.
We are currently in a relative 'lull.' We estimate about a quarter-million new daily infections with 1 in 185 people actively infectious. Still bad, likely to get worse.
1/9 🧵
PMC COVlD Update, Oct 27, 2025 (US)
Our forecast through November 8 calls for flat transmission.
Nothing yet indicates the onset of a winter wave, but it would also be atypical for the lull to last much longer than another 2-3 weeks.
2/9 🧵
PMC COVlD Update, Oct 27, 2025 (US)
We estimate 264,000 new daily infections during this 'lull' period.
Biobot data have returned. Our substitute data from WWS last week correlated r=.97 (near perfect) with that, but Biobot did retroactively increase recent estimates.