Jan. 1, 1924: A wealthy oilman hosting a Los Angeles get-together with movie comediennes Mabel Normand and Edna Purviance is shot by Normand's chauffeur. The motive for the wounding of Courtland Dines is unclear, with the witnesses offering inconsistent accounts. 1/5
Illicit booze is flowing freely between the friends when Normand asks her driver, Horace Greer, to go home to bring a present for Dines. Greer returns with the gift; Dines lets him in; and then Greer fires three shots into him with Normand's .25-caliber pistol. 2/5
Greer, an escaped convict who also goes by Joe Kelley, claims he fired in self-defense when Dines attacked him with a bottle. Others who were at the home that night say Dines was rude and verbally abusive to Normand that light, bringing suspicion that Greer had other motives. 3/5
Purviance, who was being romanced by Dines, claims she only heard the shots and didn't see who fired them. Normand gives a series of evasive answers when questioned at a hearing. Dines refuses to press charges at all, or to testify, and his assailant goes free. 4/5
Photos emerge of Purviance, Normand and Dines clowning on a yacht, adding to hints of a love triangle. Purviance, once Charlie Chaplin's leading lady, is forever done in the movie industry. For Normand, this is just her latest scandal; she will wrap up her career in theater. 5/5
(San Francisco Examiner)
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Dec. 29, 1923: Vladimir Zworykin files for a patent on his invention of a cathode-ray-tube system for the electronic transmission and reception of images. The Russian-born engineer at Westinghouse in Pittsburgh has made a breakthrough in what will become television. 1/6
Previous experiments in TV relied on mechanical means, usually a mirror and spinning drum, to create image facsimilies. Zworykin envisions cathode ray tubes (a term he invented) doing all the work, although his experiments at Westinghouse never produce a workable model. 2/6
Eventually Zworykin will demonstrate two television systems, the kinescope (1929) and iconoscope (1932), with his new employer, RCA, helping his research by acquiring other patents. During his research, Zworykin also visits the lab of another inventor, Philo Farnsworth. 3/6
Nov. 21, 1923: Frederick Cook, a former explorer whose 1909 claim to have discovered the North Pole was widely discredited, is found guilty of mail fraud in his oil stock-selling business. A judge in Fort Worth, Texas, sentences him to 14 years and nine months in prison. 1/3
"You have at last got to the point where you can't bunco anybody," Judge John Killits tells the 58-year-old defendant. Cook insists to the last that he never engaged in any corruption, and in fact some of the Texas lands he promoted will later yield a major oil strike. 2/3
Cook is paroled in 1930; he receives a pardon from FDR in 1940, shortly before his death. His legal disgrace further reinforced the public belief that his rival, Robert Peary, was the true discoverer of the North Pole. Many experts now believe neither man got there. 3/3
Nov. 9, 1923: Adolf Hitler’s Beer Hall Putsch ends in a fiasco as police in Munich disperse his would-be revolutionaries. 15 Nazis, 4 officers and a civilian are shot dead and Hitler flees, a wanted man. Despite their failure the putschists will enter Third Reich mythology. 1/10
Hitler’s seizure of the beer hall the previous night, where regional leaders signed onto the coup, at first seemed like a bold success. Headlines worldwide report the Bavarian state is overthrown; German military hero Erich Ludendorff, whose fame dwarfs Hitler’s, joins him. 2/10
Shortly after midnight, bands of Nazi shock troops loot and burn the offices of a leading anti-fascist newspaper, the Munich Post. At the beer hall, several hundred SA men camp out for the night, many getting drunk and chanting, “What a pity there are no Jews here to kill!” 3/10
Nov. 8, 1923: Adolf Hitler launches his Beer Hall Putsch. The Nazi Party leader and 600 storm troopers seize the Munich building where much of Bavaria’s leadership has gathered, and declare a German revolution. They vow to march on Berlin to establish a new far-right state. 1/10
At 8:25 p.m. Hitler leads a file of followers toward the podium where Gustav von Kahr, Bavaria’s head of state, is making a ponderous speech. The 34-year-old already known as “Führer” fires a shot from a Browning pistol and shrieks, “The national revolution has broken out!” 2/10
Hitler declares the Bavarian and German governments have fallen and the Nazis and their monarchist allies control Munich. This is a bluff, but the 3,000 people who came to hear Kahr speak don’t know that, and they are sympathetic to Hitler’s anti-Communism and antisemitism. 3/10
Nov. 1, 1923: Harold Searles Thornton's patent for a miniature soccer table game, in which a ball is struck by figures that rotate on rods, is approved in Britain. Others have claimed to invent it, but this is the first verified description of what's now called foosball. 1/4
Thornton, a Tottenham Hotspurs fan, got his idea for the game by observing matches balanced lengthwise on a matchbox and imagining the possibilities if they were spun around. His patent drawing shows 8 rods and 22 players, and curved corners so the ball won’t get stuck. 2/4
Unfortunately for the inventor, his vision of table football is a game to be played at home, and no manufacturer has interest. The patent lapses. Others are free to develop a similar game that becomes popular in bars and cafes in Europe, especially in France, in the 1930s. 3/4
Oct. 23, 1923: Communists attempt a revolution in Hamburg by storming police stations, seizing arms and erecting barricades in Germany’s largest port city. About 100 people are killed in the uprising before Reichswehr troops take back the strongholds and restore order. 1/6
The Moscow-led Communist International has been calling for revolution in Germany since summer. It sees the Weimar Republic as hopelessly weak, especially in the face of a growing inflation crisis, strikes and outright mutinies in many regions. 2/6
The local Communist Party has resisted the idea of an uprising as likely to be counterproductive, but heeds the Kremlin’s wishes. Only 1,300 armed fighters take part out of 14,000 party members. At 5 a.m. they attack 26 police stations. 3/6