Share this page!

Enter URL or ID to Unroll

You can paste full URL like: https://x.com/threadreaderapp/status/1644127596119195649
or just the ID like: 1644127596119195649

How to get URL link on X (Twitter) App

  1. On the Twitter thread, click on or icon on the bottom
  2. Click again on or Share Via icon
  3. Click on Copy Link to Tweet
  4. Paste it above and click "Unroll Thread"!
  5. More info at Twitter Help
Emmanuel Profile picture
@ejustin46
Feb 23, 2024 • 9 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
Scrolly
LONG COVID
How SARS-COV-2 "SEEDS" INFECTION from BONE MARROW to the PLATELETS?
(layman terms) Image
2) Bone marrow plays a vital role in the immune system by producing various types of cells. The production of immune cells is essential for maintaining an effective immune response to protect the body and unfortunately these cells in bone marrow are infected by the SARS-COV-2 Image
3) SARS-COV-2 infects macrophages present in bone marrow using a receptor other than ACE2, Neuropilin-1
(We will come back in another thread on the different entries of SARS-COV-2 into cells which cannot be limited to ACE2)
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
4) "Neuropilin-1 facilitates SARS-CoV-2 cell entry and infectivity"

"The Role of Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1) in SARS-CoV-2 Infection"
science.org/doi/10.1126/sc…
mdpi.com/2077-0383/10/1…
Image
5) SARS-COV-2 infects also in bone marrow the megakaryocytes. Megakaryocytes are large cells found in the bone marrow that are responsible for producing platelets, which are essential for blood clotting. Image
6) Infection of megakaryocytes which is associated with severe viral infection in COVID-19
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
Image
7) Megakaryocyte infection which drives the formation of pathogenic afucosylated IgG antibodies
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Image
8) If megakaryocytes become infected, they may “seed” infection of the platelets. This could lead to degranulation or deficits in platelet energy metabolism. In addition, because platelets harbor and carry seratonin, platelet infection could contribute to hormonal dysregulation. Image
9) This is key to understand the "SARS-COV-2 persistence and impact LONG COVID megakaryocytes & platelets".

Thanks for reading 🙏
polybio.org/projects/sars-…
Image

• • •

Missing some Tweet in this thread? You can try to force a refresh
　

Keep Current with Emmanuel

Emmanuel Profile picture

Stay in touch and get notified when new unrolls are available from this author!

Read all threads

This Thread may be Removed Anytime!

PDF

Twitter may remove this content at anytime! Save it as PDF for later use!

Try unrolling a thread yourself!

how to unroll video
  1. Follow @ThreadReaderApp to mention us!

  2. From a Twitter thread mention us with a keyword "unroll"
@threadreaderapp unroll

Practice here first or read more on our help page!

More from @ejustin46

Emmanuel Profile picture
Mar 6
IMAGINE You're a SNEAKY SARS-CoV-2 VIRUS :
How You’d Use Blood Vessels to ATTACK the HUMAN BRAIN, Create Chaos, and Confuse the Brain’s Cleanup Crew!

An Informative EXPLANATION based on 3 recent studies, FOR KIDS and EVERYONE ! Image
2) Imagine Our Body as a Big City:

In this city, blood vessels act like roads, allowing cars (our blood cells) to travel everywhere. Sometimes, bad guys called viruses, like SARS-CoV-2, sneak into this city. Image
2) ▶️ Getting In:

Think of the SARS-CoV-2 virus as a clever thief. It uses the roads (blood vessels) to reach important areas, like the brain. It carries special keys called spike proteins that help it unlock doors in the blood vessel walls to enter. Image
Read 10 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Mar 6
H5N1 ALARMING ADAPTATIONS:
How Mutations in the Bird Flu Virus are Enabling Spread Between Animals and Posing Grave Pandemic Threat to Humans
(Thanks to @greg_folkers for this new study in Nature)
nature.com/articles/s4146…Image
2) The H5N1 bird flu virus spread quickly along the coast of Chile, infecting wild birds, farm chickens, and sea animals like seals and dolphins.

The virus came from Peru and then moved south through Chile. Importantly, the virus changed in a way that helps it infect and ... Image
3) ... spread between mammals, including humans.

Specifically, the virus developed mutations in a gene called PB2. These PB2 mutations allow the virus to replicate better and cause more severe illness in mammals. Image
Read 6 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Mar 6
Unlocking the GENETIC SECRETS BEHIND SEVERE COVID-19 and LONG COVID

An allele is a different version of a gene. Genes are the instructions in our cells that tell our body how to work. But sometimes there are small differences ...
medrxiv.org/content/10.110…Image
2) ...in these instructions, and those different versions are called alleles.

This study found that a gene called MTHFR affects how sick people get from COVID-19.

Fig.1. Plasma metabolomics of COVID-19 patients reveals one-carbon metabolism association with COVID-19 severity Image
3) MTHFR has different versions, called alleles.
People with a certain MTHFR allele had higher levels of chemicals related to how cells use one-carbon.

Fig. 2. Relative changes in methionine metabolism are correlated with COVID-19 severity Image
Read 6 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Mar 4
Exploring the Persistence of the Spike Protein along the Skull-Meninges-Brain Axis and the Neurological Effects of COVID-19

This analysis is supported by numerous videos and illustrations.
First, let's identify the location of the skull-meninges-brain axis. Here it is 👇 Image
2) Here is where Spike protein persists in skull marrow, meninges, and brain, accumulating in the recently discovered skull-meninges connections 👇 Image
3) Here are the confoncal images showing SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins in skull marrow and meninges of COVID-19 patients, indicating viral presence in these brain border regions. Image
Read 11 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Mar 4
Variations in HLA Genes Influence SARS-CoV-2 Infection Risk for People with HIV, Highlighting Importance of Immune Factors

(What if life wasn't so straightforward? 🤗)
cell.com/iscience/fullt…Image
2) The links between HIV and SARS-CoV-2 highlighted in this study are:

▶️ People living with HIV often have altered T cell responses compared to those without HIV, including lower T cell counts, decreased T cell receptor diversity, and functional changes in CD8+ T cells. Image
3)▶️ This study found that people living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy still mounted robust T cell responses to conserved regions of the SARS-CoV-2 virus, even if they had not been previously infected with COVID-19. Image
Read 11 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Mar 3
Captivating Microscopy Illuminates How SARS-CoV-2's E and 3a Proteins Hijack Cellular Pathways to Fuel Viral Replication

(Stunning visuals in this article 💥💯)

Fig. Transfected SARS-CoV-2 E protein plasmids in Caco-2 cells stained with Strep antibody link.springer.com/article/10.100…Image
2) The SARS-CoV-2 virus has two important proteins called E and 3a. These proteins help the virus infect cells and make more copies of itself.

Figure 1 shows that the E and 3a proteins have a similar structure across different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. Image
2) This suggests they may have similar functions.

The E protein forms a pentagon shape (Fig. 1C), while the 3a protein has three parts that span the cell membrane (Fig. 1D). These structures allow the proteins to interact with and change the cell's environment. Image
Read 7 tweets

Did Thread Reader help you today?

Support us! We are indie developers!

This site is made by just two indie developers on a laptop doing marketing, support and development! Read more about the story.

Become a Premium Member ($3/month or $30/year) and get exclusive features!

Become Premium

Don't want to be a Premium member but still want to support us?

Make a small donation by buying us coffee ($5) or help with server cost ($10)

Donate via Paypal

Or Donate anonymously using crypto!

Ethereum

0xfe58350B80634f60Fa6Dc149a72b4DFbc17D341E copy

Bitcoin

3ATGMxNzCUFzxpMCHL5sWSt4DVtS8UqXpi copy

Thank you for your support!

Follow Us!

Send Email!

:(