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Lazarus Long Profile picture
@LazarusLong13
Feb 24, 2024 • 8 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
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A thread on presymptomatic flu transmission to go into the #FluisAirborne thread.

If there are no symptoms? There are no coughing or sneezing droplets.

Just magical transmission. Except it's not magical - just aerosols.
publichealthscotland.scot/our-areas-of-w…

Image
Next Voice of Authority, the WHO. Ignore the COVID part.

Heh.


Image
Here we have the good old ferrets being used to demonstrate aerosol transmission of the 2009 pandemic flu.

Ferrets used because they are the only animal to have the same respiratory symptoms as us.

In addition, Image
"this efficient transmission did not temporally correlate with respiratory symptoms, such as coughs and sneezes, but rather with the peak viral titre in the nose."

So, NOT the coughing and sneezing, but the AMOUNT of virus being produced that was key.

scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup…
@CDC_Firstline - presymptomatic transmission is happening.

cdc.gov/infectioncontr…
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For all of you parents, looks like kids are shedding virus longer pre-symptomatically than adults.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/P…
Image
Another H1N1 study showing clear pre-symptomatic transmission.

Why the focus on H1N1? Pandemics get attention. Day to day viruses do not.

cambridge.org/core/journals/…
Image
Two HCW presymptomatic transmissions of H1N1 influenza to the immunocompromised.

Good times.

scholar.google.com/scholar?start=…
Image

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More from @LazarusLong13

Lazarus Long Profile picture
Mar 16
Now, this is a very interesting PREPRINT.

We've all heard that shingles vaccination reduces risk of Alzheimer's.

And we all know that Covid increases the risk of Alzheimer's by 50-80%.

What happens when you mix them? Will the vaccination offset a different disease?

/1 Opposing effects of SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection and recombinant zoster vaccination on the risk of late-onset Alzheimer disease View ORCID ProfileCarly M. Rose, Shiying Liu, View ORCID ProfileWilliam S. Bush, Jonathan L. Haines, Scott M. Williams, View ORCID ProfileDana C. Crawford N3C Consortium doi: https://doi.org/10.64898/2026.01.21.26344555 This article is a preprint and has not been peer-reviewed [what does this mean?]. It reports new medical research that has yet to be evaluated and so should not be used to guide clinical practice.
Yes.

But by how much? Conclusions and Relevance SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 infection and recombinant zoster vaccination are modifiable risk factors for LOAD among older individuals, with a modestly significant interaction between the two. Recombinant zoster vaccination reduced LOAD risk regardless of sex and race, though the protection is greater in those without documented COVID-19 infection. Recombinant zoster vaccination and reduced exposure to COVID-19 infection in the later decades of life reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer disease over at least a five-year period.
Useful for below - "Late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD; onset age ≥65)"

"odds of LOAD are 16% higher among those with at least one reported COVID-19 infection" Image
Read 7 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Mar 3
A doctor complaining about wearing N95s? Thread foreshadow in the gif 👇.

Dr. Sax, you should read this.

The arrogance of medical doctors thinking they know better than the CDC NIOSH and OSHA?

This comes as no surprise.
Imagine if an asbestos worker, or a tech working in BioSafety Lab was complaining about this.

But somehow, doctors making over $200,000 get carte blanche and and a piece in the @NEJM Voices.

And he does have a loud voice.
This is Dr. Sax, Clinical Director, Division of Infectious Diseases (ID), at THE Harvard hospital. In 2014, he wrote about how ID docs only make $174,000.

He probably makes northwards of $269,000.

This is very, very relevant.

You see, he is put out by the inconvenience Image
Read 23 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Feb 27
From the ZeroCovid sub on Reddit.

How DO we do it?

Hyper vigilance, constant exposure calculations, discussing and taking precautions?

How do I do it?

Quick thread. I would like to hear covid conscious folks opinions on this: I have long covid (mecfs + pots + mcas). I’ve been sick to varying degrees since 2022. My life has been severely affected by this. At this point, I can’t work. I am mostly housebound, recovering slowly but I still have to spend some days in bed. Recovery from this is awful, especially because it’s not widely understood. With all that said. I still feel like, for me, a life full of hyper vigilance, constant exposure calculations, discussing and taking precautions…I can’t do it. I don’t want to live that way. How can I approach t...
I don't do it.

I don't do exposure calculations.

I don't have hyper vigilance.

I am Vax, Mask, and Relax.

For me, it's just a series of habits now. Drive to the wherever, hit parking lot, put on N95. Get out of car. Stays on until I get back into the car.
A new vaccine comes out? I get it.

I go stay in a hotel?

2nd floor Motel 6 with no shared HVAC (has the PTAC) . Open door/windows for one hour until complete air exchange.

Go through a drive through? N95 on before window is rolled down. Drive away? I roll down both to
Read 6 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Feb 26
After reading a study, and reaching for my phone, if the first thing I do is check to see if I have @'d someone in the past?

That's not a good sign.

I have never @'d them, and this is not directed @ them.

But this IS a debunk thread.

And it starts with who.

/1
Study here. Before you read it?

This thread is about providing context. Read the thread, @SalvMattera's comments, AND THEN, read the study.

0/10 from me.

thelancet.com/journals/lanep…
Who paid for it? The Dutch government - who has been spectacularly almost Tegnell-like in their downplaying of LongCovid and masks.

Lead authors are from RIVM, their CDC.

RIVM was antimask even when they FINALLY recommended masks in OCTOBER 2020.

nltimes.nl/2020/10/03/dut…Image
Image
Read 13 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 21, 2025
Oh, we are cooked. Just cooked.

"Brain Mitochondrial dysfunction, known for ~20 years is finally recognized as a central upstream driver of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), not just a downstream effect."

And SARS2's targeting of mitochondria is well-known.

Even in the brain.
/1 We identified dysregulation of mitochondrial and synaptic pathways in deep-layer excitatory neurons and upregulation of neuroinflammation in glia, consistent across both mRNA and protein. Remarkably, these alterations overlapped substantially with changes in age-related neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease. Our work, combining multiple experimental and analytical methods, demonstrates the brain-wide impact of severe acute/subacute COVID-19, involving both cortical and subcortical regions, shedding light on potential therapeutic targets within pat...
@LauraMiers, in case you don't have it.

nature.com/articles/s4358…
@LauraMiers This is yet another reason why I N95.

Read 6 tweets
Lazarus Long Profile picture
Dec 17, 2025
@neiljshaw - — a few tips on your excellent article from a clean air advocate

"Consider Wearing a Mask" ?

No, "It is incredibly important to wear a well-fitting mask such as a N95, KN95, or KF94, for the best protection."

You two are doing Image
public health with this article.

Public health is best done with simple clear instructions.

No:
"These masks act as a barrier, reducing the spread of respiratory droplets when people talk, sneeze or cough."

Yes:
"These masks act as a HEPA air cleaner for the face,
cleaning the air of respiratory aerosols when people breathe, talk, sneeze or cough."

The barrier carries the idea of an immovable wall. Unable to be penetrated by things like oxygen and CO2 - which feeds antimaskers.

As an who debunks antimaskers, it is
Read 9 tweets

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