SARS-COV-2 is AIRBORNE
SOON a VERY INTERESTING STUDY !
▶️ 61% of participants emitted variant-specific culture-positive aerosols <10mum (10 micrometers (um) in diameter) for up to 9 DAYS after SYMPTOM ONSET !
▶️ Considerable heterogeneity in potential infectiousness ...
2) ... i.e., only 29% of participants were probably highly infectious (produced culture-positive aerosols <5mum at ~6 days after symptom onset)."
4) We will go directly to the last part which is really interesting :
DISCUSSION
"Our findings indicated that SARS-CoV-2 is culturable from human-generated aerosol <10 μm in almost 60% of affected of the patients evaluated, although some individuals had the capability ...
5) ... to aerosolise culturable virus in smaller particles for extended time periods. The ability to aerosolise culturable virus is heterogenous and inversely related to time from symptom onset and modulation of specific components of host immunity.
6) Nasopharyngeal Ct thresholds and a preliminary unvalidated blood-based biosignature was highly predictive of infectious aerosol generation. These data support the need for prevention of airborne transmission risk ...
7) using better ventilation in public transports, and indoor environments, especially hospitals, workplaces and schools, and the use of other airborne infection controls in health care facilities caring for COVID-19 patients."
Thanks for reading 🙏
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The COMPLEX SARS-COV-2 PROTEIN MACHINERY
(layman terms ?)
2) A new study has just been published on the SARS-COV-2 virulence factor ORF3a. We will only take just one example to show this complexity.
"ORF3a localizes to lysosomes and inhibits endocytic cargo degradation."
What does it mean ? nature.com/articles/s4146…
3) "ORF3a localizes to lysosomes"
▶️ Lysosomes are organelles which serve as the cell's recycling centers, responsible for degrading and recycling cellular waste and macromolecules.
▶️ The localization of ORF3a to lysosomes suggests its involvement in lysosomal processes
FUNGI + SARS-COV-2!
"Aspergillus fumigatus secretes a protease(s) that displays in silico binding affinity towards the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein and mediates SARS-CoV-2 pseudovirion entry into HEK-293T cells" virologyj.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11…
2) "Results suggest that A. fumigatus secretes a protease(s) that activates the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein. Should these two infectious agents co-occur, there is the potential for A. fumigatus to activate the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, thus aggravating COVID-19 development."
3) The intermolecular interactions of the docked furin protease-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein complex and A. fumigatus alkaline protease 1-SARS-CoV-2 spike protein showing the amino acid residues of each protease that interacted with the spike protein.
HIGH INCIDENCE of CEREBROVASCULAR LESIONS in CHILDREN during OMICRON outbreak 😨
Among 31 pediatric patients with post-COVID-19 neurological symptoms, MRI abnormalities were observed in 15 (48.4%), predominantly encephalitis/encephalopathy (73.3%). sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
2) It is the 2nd study published recently on patients who received MRI due to neurological symptoms after COVID-19 infection.
Here is the case of a 7-year-old girl with encephalitis and myoclonic status epilepticus
3) DISCUSSION
It had been suggested that SARS-CoV-2 can invade the CNS through the wildly expressed ACE2 receptor in the brain. Since the pons and the medulla oblongata have the highest expression of ACE2 in the brain, it is very likely that brainstem involvement could be an
UPDATE on CO-INFECTIONS and IMMUNE RESPONSE, VARIANTS 👍
(with a lot of very nice figures)
The global spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has brought about persistent concerns regarding recurring coinfections. ntno.org/v08p0247.htm
2) LIMITATIONS
One regret in this review, the ridiculous use of the term "post-pandemic". We will try to ignore it and we concentrate on the interesting information.
3) Schematic showing different clinical conditions and their symptoms, amidst to COVID-19 disease
2) "Recent studies show that the SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) protein binds the ACE2 receptor on airway multicilia and that cilia are required for viral infection and sufficient to induce filopodial extension and viral binding."
3) "We reveal that spike protein binding to filopodia is associated with intracellular actin remodeling, alterations in bulk cell stiffness, and an elevation in intracellular calcium levels linked to actin-rearrangement, filopodia initiation, and persistence."