🚨NEW Report presents findings from a review of Long Covid to guide New Zealand’s Public Health response.

Report concludes that “preventative action is urgently needed”.

Let’s dive into the details as the findings are relevant for ALL countries.

🔗

/1 phcc.org.nz/briefing/long-…
Image
Below are some of the key findings of the report:

▪️Changes in health status following SARS-CoV-2 infection are common and can occur at any age.

▪️Symptoms are frequently experienced for months or years and can increase over time.

/2 • Several recent and well-designed cohort studies have reported central estimates ranging from 4 – 14% for ongoing symptoms per infection. • Long Covid includes a full spectrum of severity from hidden effects through mild and transient symptoms to life-changing and life-limiting conditions such as heart attacks and strokes, diabetes, myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), and neurological disorders. Commonly experienced symptoms such as fatigue and cognitive dysfunction have a high impact on quality of life. • Both SARS-CoV-2 infection and Long Covid are under-counted ...
▪️Future health impacts can be expected in addition to the effects that are already observed.

▪️ Some people who are currently well post-Covid are already expressing biomarkers of risk for cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, autoimmune diseases & cancers.

/3 Future health impacts can be expected in addition to the effects that are already known and observed.  • Some people who are currently well post-Covid are already expressing biomarkers of risk for cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, a range of autoimmune diseases, and cancers: conditions that typically have latency periods lasting years or decades. • Early-life exposure to infections can have lasting impacts on developing tissues and organ systems. Already, several adverse effects of perinatal Covid-19 exposure have been described. • Pre-pandemic evidence shows the adverse ...
▪️Society, sector & workforce effects of Long Covid are costly and disruptive, and they worsen existing inequities.

▪️ The frequency of (often undiagnosed) cognitive impairment after a mild infection indicates a need for risk assessment of impacts on occupational safety.

/4 Society, sector, and workforce effects of Long Covid are costly and disruptive, and they worsen existing inequities.  • Long Covid is associated with increased healthcare use, productivity loss, and workforce impacts, with implications for NZ workforces that experience high incidence of Covid-19 such as educators, healthcare workers, and prison workers. • The frequency of (often undiagnosed) cognitive impairment after a mild infection indicates a need for risk assessment of impacts on occupational safety and performance. Occupations of particular concern because of safety implications inclu...
▪️Because of rapid viral evolution, Covid-19 waves are not showing a consistent pattern of improvement over time.

▪️Without intervention to reduce cases, the prevalence of Long Covid is more likely to increase than to decrease.

/5 • Ongoing exposure to new, highly transmissible variants – in combination with the high incidence of Long Covid per infection and the long duration of symptoms – drives up the population prevalence. • Evolutionary biologists note that future variant scenarios include the possibility of both higher and lower disease severity with unpredictable impacts on Long Covid risk. • Lack of seasonality increases risk exposure and reduces recovery time between infections. • A high proportion of the NZ population has had Covid-19 at least once, and exposure to reinfection is continuing. Each infection i...
▪️When an infectious disease is common in the population, its long-term effects become common too.

▪️At a population level, modest-looking proportions of a post-infectious health risk readily translate into very large numbers.

/6 Image
The report concludes that:

“Our evidence summary strongly suggests that Long Covid is a major threat to individual health, societal wellbeing and economic performance.”

/7 Image
The Appendix of the report expands further on this important point:

“Choosing to ignore potential harms is indefensible when the risk can be reduced using a combination of new knowledge and well-established public-health approaches.”

/8 The size and complexity of the evidence that has accumulated after only four years of exposure to this new disease can be confronting. It appears to have had a paralysing effect on decision-makers in NZ and globally. As one global Long Covid expert observed in a landmark review: “The oncoming burden of Long Covid faced by patients, health-care providers, governments and economies is so large as to be unfathomable, which is possibly why minimal high-level planning is currently allocated to it”.17  Choosing to ignore potential harms is indefensible when the risk to New Zealanders can be reduc...
The authors recommend 3 immediate actions:

▪️Conducting a comprehensive Long Covid risk assessment.

▪️Rapidly reduce infection & reinfection rates using well-established public health & social measures.

▪️Expand Covid-19 vaccine eligibility and coverage.

/9 Image
Appendix 2 provides further details of the proposed components for Covid mitigation, including:

▪️Support for self-isolation of infected cases

▪️Improve indoor air quality

▪️Maintain mask use in high-risk indoor environments eg health care

▪️High & equitable vax coverage

/10 Image
Below is a press article about this report, highlighting the fact that, in terms of occupational risk, teachers are the most vulnerable to getting Covid - and, in turn, most at risk of getting Long Covid.

🔗

/11 rnz.co.nz/news/national/…
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Below is another press article which includes comments from NZ Education Institute president Mark Potter.

Potter revealed that his union had heard from a lot of teachers who were struggling to continue in the profession due to Long Covid.

🔗

/12 rnz.co.nz/news/national/…
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The chart of Covid case rates by occupational group can be found in the chart below, showing that teachers are at significantly higher risk of Covid infection than any other occupation.

(Source: )

/13 fyi.org.nz/request/20877/…

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One of the authors, @AmandaKvalsvig, tweeted earlier that schools MUST be made safe since they’re the hubs of their communities, linking public settings & households.

The only effective way to reduce Long Covid is to reduce Covid cases.

Schools are a great place to start.

/14
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In a previous paper (March 2023) also co-authored by @AmandaKvalsvig, she helped outline 7 goals for healthy schools.

As stated in the report, “these actions are highly feasible if the government steps up with a commitment to resource healthy schools.”

/15
This report is a truly outstanding piece of work and could form the blueprint for ANY government willing to confront the enormous health & economic challenges presented by repeated Covid infections and the resulting impact of Long Covid.

🔗

/16 phcc.org.nz/briefing/long-…
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Meanwhile, in the UK 🇬🇧, a paper was recently published by @CambridgeEcon on the economic burden of Long Covid.

The report estimates that, if the UK prevalence of Long Covid increases to 4m people by 2030, there will be a £2.7 BILLION loss in GDP & 311k job losses PER YEAR.

17/
Image
In the US 🇺🇸 , detailed evidence on the impact of Long Covid was presented a recent Senate Committee Hearing.

The opening speech below from @BernieSanders provided a compelling summary of the latest research.

More info at this link ⬇️

🔗

/18 sanders.senate.gov/op-eds/us-is-t…
And, in Canada 🇨🇦, a recent report from @StatCan_eng revealed that 1 in 9 Canadian adults have experienced the debilitating symptoms of Long Covid.

Of these, 7 in 10 Canadian adults with long term symptoms experience them on a daily or nearly daily basis.

/19
Covid & its longer term impact on our nation’s health is not going away.

‘Living with Covid’ shouldn’t mean just ignoring it.

It should mean making environments as safe as possible so we can all live our lives with less risk… less illness… less absence from school/work.

20/ Image

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More from @_CatintheHat

May 15
🚨“Why COVID could be to blame for the rise in deadly meningitis”

“When people regularly catch Meningitis B bacteria, they usually live harmlessly in the nose.”

“The problem is that COVID may have made our cells more susceptible to the bacteria.”

dailymail.com/health/article… x.com/dailymail/stat…Image
A growing number of scientists have been sounding the alarm recently about how repeated Covid infections may be damaging our immune systems…

bmj.com/content/390/bm…Image
This is not a particularly new idea; it’s been discussed in scientific circles for years already.

Back in early 2023, the World Health Network (@TheWHN) published this article which summarised the latest research on Covid’s impact on the immune system.

whn.global/scientific/cov…Image
Read 9 tweets
May 14
HANTAVIRUS OUTBREAK

A WHO representative was interviewed on GMB this morning.

She said that if someone self-isolating at home starts to feel sick, they should immediately remove themselves from company & start wearing a mask…

…but that’s NOT what the WHO guidance says… 🧵
The guidance is clear that those self-isolating at home should NOT wait for symptoms before taking precautions.

For the ENTIRE 42-day quarantine, they should:
▪️Avoid contact with other household members
▪️Remain in a separate room
▪️If contact is unavoidable, wear a respirator Image
🚨Clinically Vulnerable Families (@cv_cev) have issued a press release calling for the government to immediately publish the full operational & clinical arrangements for passengers & close contacts linked to the MV Hondius outbreak.

Transparency is essential at this point. Image
Read 13 tweets
May 11
HANTAVIRUS OUTBREAK:

I’ve just listened to the health update from the US Nebraska Health Officials 🇺🇸

A few points of interest:

1/ in addition to the US passenger who tested positive & the one showing symptoms, it seems there is ANOTHER passenger who may have tested positive.
2/ Passengers currently in the Nebraska quarantine unit will spend a few days there being assessed.

If they remain symptom free & have support available at home to isolate safely, they’ll have the choice to complete the 42-day isolation either at home or in the quarantine unit.
3/ When asked about the US passengers who left the ship in St Helena on 24 Apr (at the same time at the Dutch woman who was symptomatic & sadly died on 26 Apr), they confirmed that these passengers have all been traced & are being monitored - but seems they’re NOT self-isolating.
Read 10 tweets
May 10
HANTAVIRUS OUTBREAK

Following my thread yesterday which criticised aspects of the WHO’s strategy, I’m pleased to see they’ve done a 180° turn in the updated guidance published today:

who.int/docs/default-s…

EVERYONE from the ship will now be treated as HIGH-RISK contacts…

🧵 x.com/_catinthehat/s…Image
…and ALL high-risk contacts will now be required to ISOLATE in a designated facility or at home (depending on each country’s capabilities) for 42 days from last known exposure…

…and for the MV Hondius passengers & crew, the last day of exposure is the date of disembarkation. Image
So for the passengers & crew leaving the ship today, the clock for their 42 days in isolation starts ticking TODAY…

…and their isolation & monitoring will end on 21 June. Image
Read 7 tweets
May 9
HANTAVIRUS OUTBREAK 🧵

Following the WHO press briefing, I wanted to compile a thread with the key points.

1/ ISOLATION OF PASSENGERS

Concerningly, it seems the WHO are NOT recommending to isolate cruise ship passengers (even high-risk contacts) UNLESS they develop symptoms.
Just to quickly recap, it has been confirmed that the passengers & crew (including the 30 who disembarked on 24 April in St Helena) come from a total of 28 different countries.

The full breakdown of countries for both passengers 🟥 & crew 🟦 is detailed below ⬇️ Image
When the 146 people remaining on the ship are repatriated to their home countries, each country will adopt their own local protocols.

However, the WHO are only recommending:

▪️SYMPTOMATIC cases ➡️ isolation
▪️ASYMPTOMATIC cases ➡️ monitoring
Read 41 tweets
May 5
HANTAVIRUS OUTBREAK ON CRUISE

“Human-to-human transmission suspected on board hantavirus cruise ship, WHO says”

▪️7 cases identified so far.

▪️3 people (2 Dutch, 1 German) have tragically died.

▪️1 Briton is in intensive care in South Africa.

edition.cnn.com/2026/05/05/afr… x.com/cnn/status/205…Image
The exact Hantavirus has not yet been identified, but given the ship departed from Argentina, it’s a distinct possibility it’s the Andes Virus.

This strain is known to be transmissible between humans & previously caused superspreader events in Argentina.

nejm.org/doi/pdf/10.105…Image
Below are further details about the Andes Virus superspreader events in Argentina (in 2018):

▪️ Transmission event: Birthday Party
5 guests infected
Symptom onset 17-24 days later

▪️ Transmission event: Funeral/Wake
10 guests infected
Symptom onset 14-40 days later Image
Read 50 tweets

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