🇫🇷 1 April 1944
A train carrying elements of the 12th SS Recon Bn of the 12th SS PZ "Hitlerjugend" Division suffers minor damage from a night time sabotage incident as it passes through the station of the small town of Ascq east of Lille - the events that follow will leave 86 civilians aged between 15 and 74 dead, as well as 75 widows and 127 children without a father. 1/8
The strategic train line running through Ascq had already been the object of two acts of sabotage carried out by a small Ascq resistance group led by Paul Delécluse (executed on 7 June 44) and investigating German police were present in the town. 2/8
The 12th SS PzD had begun its movement from Belgium towards Normandy at the end of March. At 22.45 hrs on 1 April, a train carrying around 400 men and 60 light armoured vehicles was passing through the station when an explosion near the signal box derailled three flat cars. 3/8
25-year old Obersturmführer Walter Hauck ordered all local men aged between 17 and 50 to be arrested and brought to the railway station. Houses along the main roads had their doors kicked in and the men were dragged out. 4/8
It was then that the killing began. A group of men were gunned down by the church, then those gathered along the railway by the signal box were shot in batches. The mayor was brought to be executed but was saved as whistles blew and engines started up. The massacre was over. 5/8
86 dead lay strewn along the railway, in a field opposite the station and around the town. The youngest were only 15 - René Trackoen, Jean Rocques and Roger Vancreaeynest. The oldest a 75-year old named Pierre Brillet. 6/8
In the days that follow, Lille became a hotbed of strikes in protest for the massacre. Tens of thousands attended the funerals. Pétain, aware of events, will say nothing. He will only write a letter of protest to Hitler following the massacre of Oradour-sur-Glane on 10 June 44. 7/8
Haucke will survive Normandy and the war, but not before committing another atrocity against civilians three days before the German surrender - this time in the Czech village of Leskovice. Tried in 1950, he was sentenced to death, then reprieved. Freed in 57 he died in 2006. 8/8
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🇫🇷 2/3 February 1944 - Brittany - Occupied France
As night fell on 2 February, thirty two men, members of the Resistance and downed Allied aircrew, prepared to leave France and rendezvous with further north with a British MTB. Among the men waiting on the beach was giant of the French Resistance, Pierre Brossolette... 1/13
The exfiltration mission, named 'Dahlia', soon went wrong as the rough seas damaged the hull of the ageing fishing boat 'Jouet des Flots' and she started to take on water. In the early hours of 3 February, she was beached in a nearby cove and the men dispersed... 2/13
Pierre Brossolette was born in 1903 and had been a brilliant student before going on to a career in journalism and becoming a member of LICRA, a movement against anti-semitism. 3/13
🇫🇷 When France fell in June 1940, 23-year old Germaine Ribière was a student in Paris. Her first act of resistance against the occupier was taking part in the student parade on the Champs Elysées to commemorate the dead of the Great War - an event banned by the Nazis. 1/6
Germaine returned to her home town of Limoges in the unoccupied zone and began helping Jewish children cross the demarcation line to relative safety where they were hidden in villages or moved on via an escape network into Spain. 2/6
In 1942, Germaine succeeded in securing work at the Nexon internment camp near Limoges (photo) where Vichy authorities placed French or foreign Jews that they had rounded up, before being sent on to their terrible fates in eastern Europe. 3/6
🇫🇷 The boy with the kite
Jean-Jacques Auduc was born on May 9, 1931 in the village of Cérans-Foulletourte near Le Mans. His father, Alfred, was demobbed after the fall of France and soon looked for ways of resisting the German occupation. 1/7
Jean-Jacques father's path eventually crossed that of SOE F Section wireless operator Jean Dubois (photo) who was parachuted into France on April 15, 1943 and who then went on to set up the Hercule Network with Captain Floege, OSS. 2/7
Before long, the Auduc family were all involved in the Hercule-Sacristan-Buckmaster network activities, with the radio messages being sent and received at the grandmother's house in Cérans. Jean-Jacques would cycle 25 kms to Le Mans to deliver messages hidden in his bicycle. 3/7
From the football pitch to the firing squad
The story of Alexandre Villaplane, executed this day for collaboration - captain of the French football team in the first FIFA World Cup in Uruguay of 1930. 🧵 1/11
Born in Algiers in 1904, he moved back to mainland France with his parents at the age of 14. He played in various clubs before being spotted by the French football federation and earned his first cap in 1926. In 1930, he captained the French side in the first World Cup. 2/11
His football career ended in ignominy in 34 when he served a prison sentence for his involvment in fixed horse races. By the time of the Armistice of June 1940, he was in Paris and soon became involved in the black market and racketeering French Jews. 3/11
Im widerstand
#OTD in 1944, anti-Nazi German couple Erich and Elisabeth (Lilo) Gloeden and the latter's mother Elisabeth Kuznitsky, were guillotined in the execution shed at Plötzensee Prison, Berlin. 1/4
Lilo and Erich had helped many Jews to hide from Nazi persecution. Erich had worked for the Todt Organisation in Poland and had seen atrocities first-hand. 2/4
The couple lived in the same apartment as Lilo's mother which was being used to harbour the fugitive General Fritz Lindemann, hunted by the Gestapo for his role in the 20 July 1944 attempt to blow up Hitler. All four were subsequently arrested on 3 September. 3/4
🇫🇷 80 years ago today in the early hours of a moonlit night, two Lysanders touched down in a French field (LZ Albatros) near Angeac, Charente. On board one was Claude Bonnier - here is his story... 1/8
Born in Paris in 1897 - his parents were doctors - his father Pierre and his mother Esfir Cherchewski, born in Brest-Litovsk. In 1915 he enlisted in the French combat engineers and saw frontline service. In 1918 he was a lieutenant and had been awarded the Légion d'honneur. 2/8
The war over, he went on to study at the prestigious Ecole des mines and graduated as an engineer in 22. He married Thérése Renaudel, daughter of socialist member of the French parliament, Pierre Renaudel. 3/8