In fact, some of the most groundbreaking scientific discoveries were made by Catholic clergy.
Here are the top 5 scientific breakthroughs made by priests…🧵 (thread)
5) Atomic Theory (Boscovich Model)
Roger Boscovich, a Croatian physicist, astronomer, and mathematician, was a Catholic priest in the Jesuit order. His model of the atom, the “Boscovich Model,” was a forerunner to modern atomic theory.
His theory was an attempt to find a middle way between Newton’s theory of gravity and Gottfried Leibniz's metaphysical theory of monad-points (points of original substance).
In addition to physics, Boscovich made significant astronomical observations; in particular the moon.
4) Seismology
One of the pioneers in the field of seismology was Fr. Giuseppe Mercalli in the late 19th and early 20th century.
He’s famous for developing the Mercalli Intensity Scale which measures the intensity of seismic shaking caused by earthquakes.
Though the Richter scale superseded his scale for magnitude measurement, the Mercalli scale remains the method for assessing the impact of earthquakes on people and buildings.
Mercalli’s commitment to science and his faith exemplify the harmony between the two realms.
3) Genetic Theory
Gregor Mendel, “the father of modern genetics,” was a 19th-century Augustinian friar and abbot. He developed Mendelian genetic theory by observing the inherited traits in pea plants, paving the way for our modern understanding of heredity.
Mendel’s discoveries were initially ignored. Notably Charles Darwin had no idea about Mendel’s work. It’s possible had he known, genetics would have developed much earlier.
The significance of his work was only finally realized after his death.
2) The Big Bang
The Big Bang theory of the universe’s origin was first posited by Georges Lemaitre, a Belgian astronomer. physicist, and priest. His theory shocked the scientific community when it was first published in 1927, but has since been widely accepted.
Lemaitre’s model upset the millennia-old belief of an eternal cosmos. His theory implied that everything came from an ultra-dense, tiny point, and its expansion birthed time and space.
Contrary to common belief, it was anti-religious sentiment that prevented the Big Bang theory from broad acceptance early on.
Atheist scientists were repulsed by the Big Bang's creationist overtones—it seemed too similar to the creation story in the Book of Genesis.
1) Heliocentrism
Nicolaus Copernicus was an early proponent of heliocentrism, the theory that the sun centered the solar system.
It’s possible that Copernicus, a Renaissance-era polymath dubbed the “father of modern astronomy,” was also a Catholic priest.
Copernicus held various positions within the Church, and the Catholic Encyclopedia claims he was ordained since in 1537 he was a candidate for the episcopal seat of Warmia, a seat that required ordination. Some scholars contest whether he was ever actually ordained though.
The idea that science and religion are at odds is a fairly new concept.
Despite the modern misconception, it’s historically been religious institutions, especially the Catholic Church, who have been the main drivers of scientific advancement in the West.
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Alexander the Great’s tomb has been missing for centuries. Over 140 official attempts have been made to locate it. All have failed.
But one rogue historian thinks he’s finally found it.
He claims everyone's been looking in the wrong place…🧵
Alexander’s body wasn’t always missing. We know that figures like Julius Caesar, Cleopatra, and Augustus visited his tomb in Alexandria during the 1st century BC.
But somewhere along the way it disappears from the record…
By the time St. John Chrysostom visited Alexandria in 400 AD, he was unable to locate the tomb and said of Alexander "his tomb even his own people know not.”
There are a few mentions of the tomb afterward, but nothing reliable, and as of today no one knows where it is.
Early Christians had a complete Bible by the 4th century—but that’s not the only thing they were reading to deepen their faith.
Here’s what books the early Church read besides the Bible🧵
1. The Didache, Anonymous, 1st cent.
The Didache is a brief discourse that contains moral and ritualistic teachings—a handbook for a Christian life.
It’s speculated the apostles wrote it, and contains the formulas for baptism and eucharist that are still used today.
2. The Shepherd of Hermas, Hermas, 2nd cent.
St. Iranaeus considered it to be canonical scripture. Though it missed the cut, it’s a fascinating work that centers around the life of a former slave who's given mystical visions and parables informing him how to live a faithful life
At least, that's what the “divine right of kings” doctrine claims.
To modern ears it might seem absurd, but it actually has Biblical roots…🧵 (thread)
Simply put, the divine right of kings is a political/religious doctrine that asserts kings are granted authority by God.
In its strongest form, monarchs are not subject to the will of the people, parliament, or any other human institution.
The doctrine was formalized with 16th and 17th century thinkers like Bishop Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet, who claimed “the royal throne is not the throne of a man, but the throne of God himself.”
But kings had been claiming divine authority since Biblical times…
Many people blame the so-called “dark ages” on Christianity — they claim the Church was an overbearing force that stifled innovation.
But in the chaos after the fall of Rome, the Church was actually a *civilizing* force that reintroduced order...🧵
The idea of the “Dark Ages” first emerged with the 14th c. scholar Petrarch. He contrasted the “darkness” of the years after the Roman Empire’s collapse with the “light” of the Classical age, led by Greece and early Rome.
Cardinal Baronius further popularized the idea in the 1600's when looking back to the turn of the millennium. However, he used the Latin “saeculum obscurum” in a limited sense for the scarcity of writings between the Carolingian Empire (888 AD) and the Gregorian Reform (1046 AD).
You’re at the bottom rung of society—bound to the land with limited social mobility…
But life isn’t all bad. Here’s what it looks like🧵
Even compared to the glorified Roman Empire, the average “Dark Age” peasant likely saw lower taxes, more freedom, and a weaker ruling class under the Manorial system—a type of Feudalism where peasants worked the land under a lord.
In this system, the manor was the epicenter of rural life, often surrounded by several hundred acres, hovels, a church, and community grain mill.
The lord of the manor was usually a bishop or abbot of the local church, or a wealthy noble.