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Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
@_CatintheHat
Apr 22, 2024 • 11 tweets • 5 min read • Read on X
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COVID’S EFFECT ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

🔥 This is an excellent series of graphics from @YaleSPH explaining what we do (and don’t) know about Covid’s effect on the immune system.

Much of this is informed by the work of Dr. Akiko Iwasaki (@VirusesImmunity).

🧵

H/t @fitterhappierAJ Image
This fantastic series of graphics have come from a Facebook post by Yale School of Public Health at the link below:

facebook.com/10006428075591…
Image
LASTING IMPACT

▪️Growing research shows infection with SARS-CoV-2 can create lasting differences in some people's immune systems. Image
THIS LOOKS LIKE...

1. Altered immune system cells which are more inflammatory.

2. Viral reservoirs and fragments which can set off a continuing immune response.

3. Immune dysregulation & chronic inflammation

4. Triggered autoimmune conditions, blood clots & latent viruses Image
▪️5-20% of people develop lingering symptoms or new health conditions after infection, called Long COVID.

▪️As of the CDC's latest count in March 2024, 30% of all American adults who've had COVID have experienced Long COVID. Image
▪️The more COVID-19 vaccine doses you get, the lower the risk of Long COVID.

▪️The more reinfections you have, the higher the risk. Image
172% INCREASED RISK

▪️The risk of developing an autoimmune disease rose by up to 172% after infection, per a study following people from 2020 to 2022.

▪️Up-to-date COVID-19 vaccination can reduce the likelihood of developing an autoimmune condition after infection. Image
OTHER ILLNESSES

▪️SARS-CoV-2 can also activate other viruses that have been lying dormant, like Epstein-Barr and herpes viruses.

▪️Studies have found kids with prior COVID-19 infections had a greater risk of RSV infections. Image
49% OF COVID INFECTIONS ARE ASYMPTOMATIC…

…which means you may not know if you are actually sick.

This is why it's important to take a multilayered approach to protect yourselves & others:

▪️Masks
▪️HEPA air filtration
▪️Good ventilation
▪️Up-to-date vax
▪️Rapid tests Image
WHAT WE DON'T KNOW

1. The long-term impact on other illnesses

2. Why some people's conditions persist

3. What diagnostics and therapies can help restore the immune system Image
Link to Facebook post by Yale School of Public Health:



You can also find a link to all the graphics & source citations from the graphics in pdf format below (kindly compiled by Jean Du Pays on Facebook) ⬇️

facebook.com/10006428075591…
pdflink.to/yale-covid-19-…


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More from @_CatintheHat

Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Jan 30
I’ve been reflecting on this letter from Minister @GwynneMP ⬇️

The letter which says the government supports Dr Lisa Ritchie’s view that “Covid is not predominantly transmitted through the airborne route”.

I suspect there may be a little more to it than meets the eye… 🧐

/1 Image
You see, here’s the thing:

Letters like that don’t get written in a vacuum.

Letters like that are usually drafted on behalf of Ministers by a civil servant who has expertise in the subject matter.

So I’m left wondering: who drafted it?

Who is advising Mr Gwynne?

/2
Dr Ritchie’s testimony at the Covid Inquiry has been widely criticised as her views conflicted so starkly with scientific evidence presented by independent experts like Prof Beggs.

So it seems odd that the letter is written in a way which so emphatically supports her stance.

/3
Read 24 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Jan 19
UK COVID INQUIRY

In this video, I’ve compiled crucial evidence from expert witness Prof Clive Beggs where he confirms:

🔎 Covid is airborne
🔎 Covid is predominantly spread via airborne aerosols (not droplets)
🔎 Breathing & talking generate significant amounts of aerosols.
Here’s a little more detail from Prof Beggs’ testimony where he again confirms that the BULK of the SARS-CoV-2 virus is carried in the small airborne aerosols, NOT in the larger droplets which rapidly fall to the ground.

This is CRUCIAL for infection control purposes.
@CliveBeggs The role of those in charge of infection control in hospitals is to “translate scientific evidence […] into practical IPC guidelines”.

The scientific evidence is clear that Covid is AIRBORNE…

…so why does the IPC guidance STILL not protect against airborne transmission?
Read 10 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Jan 14
As Module 4 of the @CovidInquiryUK begins, attention turns to the Covid vaccines…

And it just happens that UKHSA’s annual accounts for 2023/24 have recently been published, revealing that a staggering £1.09 BILLION were wasted on unused vaccines during 2023/24.

🧵 Image
For me, one of the most shocking things was in Autumn 2023, when the govt bought enough vax doses for ALL over-50s…

…but then decided to restrict eligibility, denying millions of people under the age of 65 the chance to be protected.

theguardian.com/society/2023/a…Image
The reason given for restricting vaccine eligibility was because it would not be “cost-effective” to offer it more widely.

However, a detailed analysis of their ‘bespoke cost-effectiveness analysis’ revealed a number of flaws in the methodology ⬇️

Read 31 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Jan 9
This is the Chief Exec of @NHSEngland ⬇️

She’s “really worried about the toll that flu & other viruses are taking on our patients and on services across the NHS.”

Yet, despite the fact these viruses are mostly AIRBORNE, there are NO airborne infection controls in hospitals. 🧵 Image
Make it make sense!!

The Covid Inquiry module which specifically investigated the impact of Covid on healthcare systems ended just before Christmas and some very clear recommendations emerged…

WHY on earth have these not been made the absolute top priority and implemented?
For further details on the flawed chain of decisions which led to the utterly inadequate infection control guidance we have in hospitals today, please have a read of my thread below where I walk you through the key evidence which emerged from module 3 of the Covid Inquiry ⬇️
Read 7 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Jan 8
It’s a real shame that comments on this thread ⬇️ have been shut down so I’m not able to respond to the reply from @SpeechAndLangUK about the impact of lockdowns on speech & language for children born during lockdowns.

Here’s what I would have said if I’d been able to reply… 🧵 Image
I would have said how pleased I am that the doc they shared from @RCSLT acknowledges the major contribution of Long Covid towards the issue:

“Long COVID needs identified by SLTs included dysphagia, dysphonia, dysarthria, aphasia, cognitive communication disorder & dyspraxia.” Image
I’d also have pointed out that the RCSLT document dates back to Sept 2021 & some of the figures are now significantly out of date.

For example, the quoted figure of 1 million Long Covid sufferers has TRIPLED since 2021…
Read 9 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Jan 3
This situation makes me so angry.

It should NOT be the responsibility of individual NHS Trust CEOs like @Nickhulme61 to have to plead with the public to wear masks in hospitals.

There should be clear national guidance, as advised by the IPC experts at the @covidinquiryuk…

🧵 Image
And it shouldn’t just be patients & visitors wearing masks… all NHS staff should be wearing them too.

And not just loose-fitting surgical masks…

…they should be wearing FFP3 masks which are the only class of mask acceptable to HSE for use against infectious aerosols.
This chart neatly summarises the difference in protection between a surgical masks & N95 masks (N95 is the US standard which is broadly equivalent to the EU FFP2 standard).

Fitted filtration efficiencies:
😷 Surgical mask: 38.1%
😷 N95 respirator: 98.5%

jamanetwork.com/journals/jamai…Image
Read 4 tweets

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