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Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
@_CatintheHat
Apr 22, 2024 • 11 tweets • 5 min read • Read on X
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COVID’S EFFECT ON THE IMMUNE SYSTEM

🔥 This is an excellent series of graphics from @YaleSPH explaining what we do (and don’t) know about Covid’s effect on the immune system.

Much of this is informed by the work of Dr. Akiko Iwasaki (@VirusesImmunity).

🧵

H/t @fitterhappierAJ Image
This fantastic series of graphics have come from a Facebook post by Yale School of Public Health at the link below:

facebook.com/10006428075591…
Image
LASTING IMPACT

▪️Growing research shows infection with SARS-CoV-2 can create lasting differences in some people's immune systems. Image
THIS LOOKS LIKE...

1. Altered immune system cells which are more inflammatory.

2. Viral reservoirs and fragments which can set off a continuing immune response.

3. Immune dysregulation & chronic inflammation

4. Triggered autoimmune conditions, blood clots & latent viruses Image
▪️5-20% of people develop lingering symptoms or new health conditions after infection, called Long COVID.

▪️As of the CDC's latest count in March 2024, 30% of all American adults who've had COVID have experienced Long COVID. Image
▪️The more COVID-19 vaccine doses you get, the lower the risk of Long COVID.

▪️The more reinfections you have, the higher the risk. Image
172% INCREASED RISK

▪️The risk of developing an autoimmune disease rose by up to 172% after infection, per a study following people from 2020 to 2022.

▪️Up-to-date COVID-19 vaccination can reduce the likelihood of developing an autoimmune condition after infection. Image
OTHER ILLNESSES

▪️SARS-CoV-2 can also activate other viruses that have been lying dormant, like Epstein-Barr and herpes viruses.

▪️Studies have found kids with prior COVID-19 infections had a greater risk of RSV infections. Image
49% OF COVID INFECTIONS ARE ASYMPTOMATIC…

…which means you may not know if you are actually sick.

This is why it's important to take a multilayered approach to protect yourselves & others:

▪️Masks
▪️HEPA air filtration
▪️Good ventilation
▪️Up-to-date vax
▪️Rapid tests Image
WHAT WE DON'T KNOW

1. The long-term impact on other illnesses

2. Why some people's conditions persist

3. What diagnostics and therapies can help restore the immune system Image
Link to Facebook post by Yale School of Public Health:



You can also find a link to all the graphics & source citations from the graphics in pdf format below (kindly compiled by Jean Du Pays on Facebook) ⬇️

facebook.com/10006428075591…
pdflink.to/yale-covid-19-…


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More from @_CatintheHat

Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Mar 22
MENINGITIS B TRANSMISSION

There’s been a lot of discussion online and in the media about how exactly Meningitis B spreads.

A lot of it is conflicting & confusing.

So let’s put opinions & hearsay aside and take a proper look at what the latest science actually tells us…

🧵 Image
The UK National Institute for Health & Care Excellence (NICE) states that bacterial meningitis and meningococcal disease is transmitted by the following 3 modes:

▪️ aerosol
▪️droplets
▪️direct contact

cks.nice.org.uk/topics/meningi…Image
The first of these modes of transmission, AEROSOL, has been the subject of heated debate.

Let’s look at why…

Notice the second line:

“Transmission usually requires either frequent or prolonged close contact.”

At first, this may seem contradictory with aerosol transmission… Image
Read 22 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Mar 19
COVID INQUIRY: MODULE 3 REPORT

“Fundamental flaws in the UK’s approach to IPC [infection prevention & control] guidance, for example in relation to the use of PPE, put patients and healthcare workers at risk.”

— Baroness Hallett, Chair of the Covid Inquiry

Read more here… ⬇️
These are the words we were all hoping to hear:

“Initial guidance on preventing the spread of infection was flawed. It assumed the virus was spread by contact transmission, failing properly to consider the extent to which it was also spread by AIRBORNE transmission.” Image
But it wasn’t just the “initial guidance” that was flawed!

To this very day, the IPC guidance STILL does not reflect the latest science on AIRBORNE transmission.
Read 4 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Mar 18
Last week, CATA released two explosive reports which revealed a scandal of monumental proportions.

Flawed decisions were made at the start of the Covid pandemic - and then covered up for years to come.

In this series of videos, @SafeDavid3 talks us through the key findings…
The CATA Executive team have worked tirelessly in their pursuit of the truth, forensically analysing over 17,000 Covid Inquiry documents & submitting countless FOI requests.

Concerningly, they discovered around 100 key emails which have not been disclosed to the Covid Inquiry…
Their report explores 7 separate occasions when the IPC Cell was challenged re: the adequacy of its guidance on respiratory protection for healthcare workers.

This included challenges from PHE/UKHSA, Chief Nursing Officers & even the CMO.

Each time, concerns were brushed aside.
Read 17 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Mar 16
In honour of #LongCOVIDAwarenessDay, I’d like to present some important data from the latest GP-Patient survey.

This is a HUGE survey with a sample size of ~700K people in England (5x bigger than ONS’s Covid survey).

In this thread, I’ll walk you through some key findings…

/1 Image
According to the GP-Patient survey:

🚨4.2% of people say they DO have Long Covid. That equates to around 2.3M people in England.

🚨A further 9.5% (~5.3M) say they ‘don’t know’.

So potentially as many as 7.6M people in England either have Long Covid or suspect they might.

/2 Image
The fact that 9.5% of people said they “don’t know” if they have long Covid is actually not surprising.

It’s a HUGE number of people who suspect something isn’t right but don’t have clarity…

…and once you think about how Covid is diagnosed, it makes perfect sense.

/3
Read 23 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Mar 14
CATA's reports are a truly remarkable piece of forensic investigation & took literally YEARS to put together.

The fact it’s taken so long is a fundamental part of the story.

For example: it took a whopping 27 MONTHS to extricate one document from the DHSC via an Fol request... Image
And it took 17 MONTHS to elicit a set of draft minutes from IPC Cell meetings which took place in Dec 2020 - and only following a direct order by the ICO.

This doc is one of the most damning pieces of evidence in the report as it reveals how minutes were fundamentally altered. Image
PHE & UKHSA have been similarly obstructive in providing information in a timely fashion.

The statutory requirement of FoIs is to provide the info requested within 20 working days…

…but it took over 300 WORKING DAYS (roughly 14 MONTHS) to finally extricate one key document. Image
Read 5 tweets
Cat in the Hat 🐈‍⬛ 🎩 🇬🇧 Profile picture
Mar 10
In 2023, the British Council for Offices (BCO) updated the ventilation guidance for offices:

💨 The *minimum* recommended ventilation rate was increased from 12 to 14 litres of outdoor air per sec per person.

Now guess what the ventilation rate is in a typical UK classroom…❓ Image
Since 2022, the Schools Air quality Monitoring for Health & Education (SAMHE) project has monitored indoor air quality in hundreds of schools across the UK.

Shockingly, their data revealed that the ventilation rate in a typical UK classroom is just 5.3 litres per sec per person. Image
Worse still, the data shows the average ventilation rate plummets to just 3.8 litres per sec per person in colder weather.

Now compare this to the MINIMUM recommended ventilation rate for offices of 14 litres per sec per person.

Schools are achieving just a fraction of this! Image
Read 18 tweets

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