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Apr 22, 2024 โ€ข 10 tweets โ€ข 4 min read โ€ข Read on X
๐—ง๐—ต๐—ฒ๐—ฟ๐—ฎ๐—ฝ๐—ฒ๐˜‚๐˜๐—ถ๐—ฐ ๐˜๐—ฎ๐—ฟ๐—ด๐—ฒ๐˜๐˜€ ๐—ณ๐—ผ๐—ฟ ๐—–๐—ข๐—ฉ๐—œ๐——-19

2 ๐˜ธ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฏ๐˜ฅ๐˜ฆ๐˜ณ๐˜ง๐˜ถ๐˜ญ ๐˜ด๐˜ต๐˜ถ๐˜ฅ๐˜ช๐˜ฆ๐˜ด ๐˜ธ๐˜ช๐˜ต๐˜ฉ ๐˜จ๐˜ณ๐˜ฆ๐˜ข๐˜ต ๐˜ท๐˜ช๐˜ด๐˜ถ๐˜ข๐˜ญ๐˜ช๐˜ด๐˜ข๐˜ต๐˜ช๐˜ฐ๐˜ฏ๐˜ด, ๐˜ง๐˜ฐ๐˜ณ ๐˜ข ๐˜ฑ๐˜ฐ๐˜ด๐˜ช๐˜ต๐˜ช๐˜ท๐˜ฆ ๐˜ฐ๐˜ถ๐˜ต๐˜ญ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฐ๐˜ฌ ๐Ÿค— Image
2)"Therapeutic targets and interventional strategies in COVID-19: mechanisms and clinical studies"

Current treatment strategies for COVID-19 can be classified into "target virus" and "target host" categories. Repurposing existing drugs, emerging drugs .. nature.com/articles/s4139โ€ฆ
Image
3) ...and promising potential targets fall under these categories.
For the host, ACE2 receptor, TMPRSS2 protease, inflammatory cytokines and their pathways, CD147, and HMGB1 are potential therapeutic targets based on their roles in viral entry/pathogenesis/excessive inflammation. Image
4) Future directions include focusing on more promising targets, strengthening multi-disciplinary cooperation, addressing gaps between preclinical/clinical research, and monitoring viral mutations. A combination of antiviral and immunomodulatory therapies may be most effective. Image
5) For vaccines ... Image
6) "Therapeutic strategies for COVID-19: progress and lessons learned"
nature.com/articles/s4157โ€ฆ
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7) Potential therapeutic targets include viral proteins like spike, protease, RNA polymerase, and host proteins involved in viral entry/ immunopathology. Various agents have shown anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity in preclinical/clinical studies, but most require further development. Image
8) Treatment strategies aim to administer antiviral drugs early to outpatients, while immunomodulators may benefit severely ill inpatients. Treating long COVID remains challenging due to its unclear mechanisms. Development of pan-coronavirus therapies is another priority area. Image
9) Overall, while progress has been made, more convenient and broadly effective antiviral therapies are still needed to effectively tackle COVID-19 and future coronavirus outbreaks, including those targeting key viral proteins and able to counter emerging variants. Image
10) Thanks for reading ๐Ÿ™ and have a wonderful sunday ๐Ÿค— Image

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More from @ejustin46

Nov 28
"70% to 90% of our CELLS are completely RENEWED in less than 5 YEARS!
So If weโ€™re mostly "New", why are so many still struggling with SARS-CoV-2?

We will tackle this question, which is more complex than it seems, in several posts. Image
2) First, let's say a few words about cell renewal.
70% to 90% of our cells are renewed over time. This turnover occurs in various cell types, including skin, blood, and immune cells, allowing the body to replace damaged or aged cells.
sciencefocus.com/the-human-bodyโ€ฆImage
3) For instance, red blood cells have a lifespan of about 120 days, while skin cells regenerate every few weeks.
Even with significant cell renewal, aging persists due to changes in our DNA.
sciencefocus.com/the-human-bodyโ€ฆImage
Read 5 tweets
Nov 26
UNRAVELING CO-INFECTION:
How SARS-CoV-2 and Other Viruses Interact ?
(In layman's terms)

Two groundbreaking studies exploring the complex dynamics of viral co-infection!
biorxiv.org/content/10.110โ€ฆ
biorxiv.org/content/10.110โ€ฆ Image
Image
2) Co-infection occurs when a person is infected by more than one virus at the same time. This can lead to interesting and sometimes complex interactions between the viruses Image
3) In one study about SARS-CoV-2, researchers found that when different versions of this virus infect the same person, they can mix their genetic material through a process called recombination. This means that the new version of the virus can have traits from both parent viruses Image
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Nov 24
ENVELOPE PROTEIN and LONG COVID

For more than three years, we have been emphasizing that the envelope protein is an essential component and that we cannot limit our focus to just the spike protein. We are now uncovering its role in long COVID. Image
2) Here are some insights on the E protein and its role in long COVID, as discussed in this recent study.
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12โ€ฆImage
3) The Envelope (E) protein of SARS-CoV-2 plays a crucial role for several reasons:

โ–ถ๏ธ Virus Assembly and Release: The E protein is essential for the virus's assembly and budding from infected cells, contributing to its stability and infectivity.
Read 8 tweets
Nov 21
"N''oubliez jamais" (Never forget - Joe Cocker)๐Ÿงต

In 2022, COVID-19 was the second leading cause of death globally, with the repercussions of the virus far from over. The lasting impact of the pandemic continues to affect lives around the world.
Read 5 tweets
Nov 20
LONG COVID : Sticky Microclots in the blood !

Recent research may have identified a key factor contributing to long COVID: microscopic clots intertwined with immune system debris in the blood. These unusual structures were found to be nearly 20 times more prevalent ... Image
2) ...in long COVID patients compared to healthy individuals. The clots, associated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), suggest a potential biological marker for persistent symptoms. Image
3) These microclots could impede blood flow in small vessels, leading to issues like brain fog, fatigue, and shortness of breath. Image
Read 4 tweets
Nov 16
Unlocking the Secrets: A Comprehensive Megathread on Key Virus Subtypes of Human and Avian Influenza !"๐Ÿงต

First, a quick overview of the different subtypes:

HUMAN INFLUENZA
H1N1 : The 2009 pandemic strain, which continues to circulate
... Image
2) H3N2: Strain spreading fast actually and causing significant morbidity
H6N1: Notable for potential human impact.

AVIAN INFLUENZA :
H5N1: High pathogenicity, zoonotic concerns.
H3N8: Emerging strain of interest.
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3) H5N8: Emerging strain with health implications.
H5N6: Recent cases in birds and humans.
H7N7: Impact on poultry and occasional human cases.
H9N2: Common in birds, history of human infections. Image
Read 12 tweets

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