βΆοΈ Is the TRANSMISSION of the virus AIRBORNE or by DROPLETS ?
BOTH, even, if it is essentially airborne, due to the constraints of droplet transmission.
βΆοΈ Is there a "relative" IMMUNITY ...
2) ... post-infection or post-vaccination ?
BOTH, even if reinfections must absolutely be avoided, and if the concept of hybrid immunity is dead, since there are almost no more vaccines administered
βΆοΈ Is a WAVE caused by a VARIANT or by WANING IMMUNITY?
BOTH plus ...
3) ...population behavior, environmental factors, population density, transportation, ...
A wave is multifactorial.
βΆοΈ Is there 10% or more than 40% long COVID?
BOTH, because it depends, on whether the definition, refers to 1 or more symptoms, 3 months after the infection
4) βΆοΈ Is Avian Influenza H5N1 transmissible to MAMMALS or HUMANS?
BOTH, and actually only by birds, because mammal-human or human-human transmission has still not been established
βΆοΈ Is the fatality rate of H5N1 for humans <10% or close to 50%?
BOTH, as it depends ...
5) ...on the baseline chosen, hospitalized or symptomatic.
If we take into account asymptomatic people we could have rates close to human influenza.
The science, especially of viruses, is not a black or white world ...
(H5N1 before 2019 and after)
6) ... but requires a lot of nuances due to its complexity. There is no room for simplistic dichotomies.
Thanks for reading π
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NIPAH VIRUS
Jumping to conclusions during outbreaks only fuels panic and misunderstanding; NOT EVERY VIRUS OUTBREAK is a PANDEMIC.
We raised the alarm about Nipah in 2023, but itβs essential not to confuse an epidemic related to this virus, ...
2) ...like the one in India, with a pandemic risk or a situation like COVID-19.
Nipah virus is transmitted primarily from animals, especially bats, to humans. It spreads through direct contact with infected animals, their secretions, or contaminated foods.
3) Human-to-human transmission occurs only through close contact, such as touching or caring for an infected person, as well as sharing fluids like saliva or blood.
We cannot equate a virus transmitted through fluids with a respiratory virus like SARS-CoV-2.
"70% to 90% of our CELLS are completely RENEWED in less than 5 YEARS!
So If weβre mostly "New", why are so many still struggling with SARS-CoV-2?
We will tackle this question, which is more complex than it seems, in several posts.
2) First, let's say a few words about cell renewal.
70% to 90% of our cells are renewed over time. This turnover occurs in various cell types, including skin, blood, and immune cells, allowing the body to replace damaged or aged cells. sciencefocus.com/the-human-bodyβ¦
3) For instance, red blood cells have a lifespan of about 120 days, while skin cells regenerate every few weeks.
Even with significant cell renewal, aging persists due to changes in our DNA. sciencefocus.com/the-human-bodyβ¦
2) Co-infection occurs when a person is infected by more than one virus at the same time. This can lead to interesting and sometimes complex interactions between the viruses
3) In one study about SARS-CoV-2, researchers found that when different versions of this virus infect the same person, they can mix their genetic material through a process called recombination. This means that the new version of the virus can have traits from both parent viruses
For more than three years, we have been emphasizing that the envelope protein is an essential component and that we cannot limit our focus to just the spike protein. We are now uncovering its role in long COVID.
3) The Envelope (E) protein of SARS-CoV-2 plays a crucial role for several reasons:
βΆοΈ Virus Assembly and Release: The E protein is essential for the virus's assembly and budding from infected cells, contributing to its stability and infectivity.
"N''oubliez jamais" (Never forget - Joe Cocker)π§΅
In 2022, COVID-19 was the second leading cause of death globally, with the repercussions of the virus far from over. The lasting impact of the pandemic continues to affect lives around the world.
Recent research may have identified a key factor contributing to long COVID: microscopic clots intertwined with immune system debris in the blood. These unusual structures were found to be nearly 20 times more prevalent ...
2) ...in long COVID patients compared to healthy individuals. The clots, associated with neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), suggest a potential biological marker for persistent symptoms.
3) These microclots could impede blood flow in small vessels, leading to issues like brain fog, fatigue, and shortness of breath.