2) The study analyzed 17 pediatric patients in Korea who experienced severe neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection during the Omicron variant-predominant period from January to April 2022.
3) Over half (11/17) of the patients had pre-existing neurological disabilities and 9 met the criteria for MIS-C (multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children). Only 1 patient was vaccinated.
Severe neurological manifestations included acute necrotiwezing encephalopathy ...
4) ...acute fulminant cerebral edema, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, basal ganglia encephalitis, severe encephalopathy/encephalitis, and refractory status dystonicus.
MRI findings showed various patterns of abnormalities including lesions with restricted diffusion ...
5) ...in the cortex, subcortical white matter, basal ganglia, and thalamus.
Patients with underlying neurological disabilities or MIS-C had longer hospital and ICU stays compared to those without.
Outcomes were poor - 3 patients died and ...
6) ...5 had new neurological deficits at 1-year follow-up, and those with pre-existing disabilities generally had worse outcomes.
The study demonstrates that severe neurological complications can occur with Omicron in pediatric patients ...
7) ...especially those with pre-existing conditions or who are unvaccinated. Earlier recognition and management may help improve outcomes.
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2) Samples of HPAIV collected in Iceland between 2022-2023 were analyzed. Three different genotypes of H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b were found circulating in wild birds in 2022. A novel H5N5 genotype was also identified in 2023.
3) Full genome sequencing was conducted on selected samples using MinION nanopore sequencing. Phylogenetic analysis assigned the viruses to European genotypes C (subtypes B1 and B2), AB (subtype B2), and I (for the 2023 H5N5 virus).
2) The study investigated the effectiveness of natural infection in preventing reinfection with the SARS-CoV-2 JN.1 variant during a large omicron wave in Qatar from December 2023 to February 2024.
3) It used a test-negative case-control study design, where cases were SARS-CoV-2 positive tests and controls were SARS-CoV-2 negative tests matched on various demographic and clinical factors.
2) This study investigated the potential pathways of spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A/H5N1 Clade 2.3.4.4b across dairy farms in the US. By analyzing outbreak data and conducting geospatial analyses, the study found that non-waterfowl wild bird species likely ...
3)... introduced the virus initially. Exposure to non-waterfowl birds was significantly higher than waterfowl near outbreak sites. Subsequently, factors like cattle trade, contaminated equipment, and bidirectional spread between cattle and poultry likely amplified the outbreaks.
2) First of all, when we see the increase in the nb of chickens in the world, we can't be surprised that H5N1 is over all an Avian influenza.
There are 21.41 billion chicken in the world!
3) Regarding cattle, the world looks a little different from the one we know ...
Avian influenza A virus (IAV) infections were recently detected in dairy cows in the US. Cattle are not typically considered susceptible hosts for IAV. biorxiv.org/content/10.110โฆ
3) IAV receptors are sialic acids linked to galactose in either an ฮฑ2,3 or ฮฑ2,6 linkage. Human IAVs prefer the ฮฑ2,6 receptor, avian IAVs the ฮฑ2,3 receptor.
The study investigated expression of IAV receptors (ฮฑ2,3, ฮฑ2,6, ฮฑ2,3-ฮฒ1,4, ฮฑ2,3-ฮฒ1,3) in bovine respiratory tract ...
"H5N1 SCENARIO-based Human Health Risk Assessment for the United States as of [5/1/2024]"
2) The risk assessment report considers 5 possible SCENARIOS for how the H5N1 outbreak in cattle could evolve and the corresponding risks to human health.
Currently the outbreak is judged to be between SCENARIOS 2 and 3, with widespread cases in cattle and some spread to ...
3) ...other animals like cats, but no human-to-human transmission reported so far.
SCENARIO 1 assumes minimal spread in animals and low risk to all human populations.
SCENARIO 2 involves widespread cattle spread and some cow-to-human transmission ...