(Global systematic review of 173 studies with 892K+ COVID patients)
2) This systematic review and meta-analysis of 173 studies with 892,312 COVID-19 patients provided a comprehensive assessment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and antibiotic usage during the pandemic. It reported a 42.1% prevalence of multidrug-resistant organism infection ...
3) ...(MDRO) among bacterial co-infected patients and found 76.2% of all COVID patients received antibiotics. Lower-middle and low-income regions faced greater challenges seen by higher antimicrobial resistance prevalence and antibiotic overuse.
4) Subgroup analyses showed MDRO prevalence and drug usage were highest among severe/critical cases and those admitted to intensive care.
5) The findings underline the urgent need for sustained global efforts to strengthen antimicrobial stewardship in the wake of public health emergencies.
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FYI
@1goodtern @C_A_G0101 @DavidJoffe64
2) Rather than a summary, this time we decided to post a very interesting extract from this study:
"Although analyses of potential reasons for the country-wise differences in mortality each pandemic year is beyond the scope of this article, one could speculate ...
3) ...that different responses may have had an impact.ย Furthermore, the estimates may have been influenced by a mortality displacement, attributed to abnormally low pre-pandemic mortality in Sweden in 2019 and the rigorous countermeasures in the other three countries...
Different groups or areas may experience different levels of infection rates, mortality rates, transmission dynamics, and health outcomes. nature.com/articles/s4146โฆ
2) This heterogeneity refers to the variation or diversity in the impact, spread, and severity of the disease across different populations, regions, or individuals. It is influenced by various factors such as population demographics, healthcare infrastructure ...
3) ...socioeconomic conditions, access to healthcare, public health measures, and individual behaviors.
Pandemics involve complex interactions between biological, social, economic, and environmental factors.
Let's avoid excessive simplifications !
2) Cerebral microstructure was investigated in 89 patients with Post-COVID Condition per WHO criteria, 38 with past COVID but no lasting issues, and 46 healthy controls using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. Patients with PCC showed a shift in gray matter ...
3) ...from the extra-neurite volume fraction, representing the cellular compartment and extracellular matrix, to the free fluid volume fraction compared to the other groups. Voxel-wise analyses found PCC associated with reduced extra-neurite in neocortical regions ...
2) The study evaluated the immunogenicity of bivalent mRNA booster vaccines containing the Omicron BA.1 or BA.5 spike protein against the background of different primary vaccination regimens (mRNA-based or adenovirus vector-based).
3) 434 healthcare workers who received either an adenovirus or mRNA primary vaccine series participated. They were randomized to receive either a BA.1 or BA.5 bivalent booster vaccine
2) ๐พ๐ฎ๐ฉ๐ค๐ ๐๐ฃ๐ is a small protein molecule that is produced by cells and helps coordinate communication between cells to generate an immune response. There are different types of cytokines based on their structure/ function, such as interleukins (IL), interferons (IFN).
3) ๐พ๐๐ก๐ก-๐๐๐ก๐ก ๐๐ช๐จ๐๐ค๐ฃ is the process where cells combine their plasma membranes and cytoplasm to form a multinucleated cell called a syncytium. SARS-CoV-2 induce infected cells to fuse with others to facilitate spread between hosts ...
2) Understanding the transmission risk of SARS-CoV-2 in indoor settings is crucial for effective prevention strategies. However, there is limited evidence on transmission risks beyond households, schools, and healthcare facilities.
3) A systematic review found also that singing events and fitness centers had higher secondary attack rates (SARs) compared to other settings. No significant differences were found in SARs based on index case or viral characteristics.