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Emmanuel Profile picture
@ejustin46
May 22 • 4 tweets • 2 min read • Read on X
𝗠𝗲𝘁𝗮-𝗮𝗻𝗮𝗹𝘆𝘀𝗶𝘀 𝗮𝗯𝗼𝘂𝘁 𝗜𝗡𝗙𝗟𝗨𝗘𝗡𝗭𝗔 𝗩𝗔𝗖𝗖𝗜𝗡𝗔𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗖𝗢𝗩𝗜𝗗-19 𝗜𝗡𝗙𝗘𝗖𝗧𝗜𝗢𝗡 𝗥𝗜𝗦𝗞 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗗𝗜𝗦𝗘𝗔𝗦𝗘 𝗦𝗘𝗩𝗘𝗥𝗜𝗧𝗬

ajicjournal.org/article/S0196-…
Image
2) This systematic review including 14 prospective studies found no significant association between influenza vaccination and reduced risk of COVID-19 infection, hospitalization, or death. Image
3) Meta-analysis showed influenza vaccination was not protective against SARS-CoV-2 infection (SRR 0.95, 95%CI 0.81-1.11) or hospitalization/mortality due to COVID-19 (hospitalization: SRR 0.90, 95%CI 0.68-1.19; mortality: SRR 0.83, 95%CI 0.56-1.23). Image
4) Prospective data provided robust evidence that influenza vaccines did not directly reduce COVID-19 burden of disease.

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More from @ejustin46

Emmanuel Profile picture
May 24
𝘾𝙤𝙬’𝙨 𝙈𝙞𝙡𝙠 𝘾𝙤𝙣𝙩𝙖𝙞𝙣𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝘼𝙫𝙞𝙖𝙣 𝙄𝙣𝙛𝙡𝙪𝙚𝙣𝙯𝙖 𝘼(𝙃5𝙉1) 𝙑𝙞𝙧𝙪𝙨
𝘏𝘦𝘢𝘵 𝘐𝘯𝘢𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘢𝘵𝘪𝘰𝘯 𝘢𝘯𝘥 𝘐𝘯𝘧𝘦𝘤𝘵𝘪𝘷𝘪𝘵𝘺 𝘪𝘯 𝘔𝘪𝘤𝘦

𝘿𝙤𝙣'𝙩 𝙙𝙧𝙞𝙣𝙠 𝙧𝙖𝙬 𝙢𝙞𝙡𝙠 ! 💥
H/t @KrutikaKuppalli
nejm.org/doi/full/10.10…
Image
2) The authors report the detection of HPAI H5N1 virus in nasal swabs and milk of dairy cows. They isolated eight HPAI A(H5N1) viruses from milk samples and compared their genetic origin with other viruses. Image
3) 𝙃𝙚𝙖𝙩 𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣 𝙚𝙭𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙞𝙢𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙨 𝙨𝙝𝙤𝙬𝙚𝙙 𝙩𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙨𝙥𝙚𝙘𝙞𝙛𝙞𝙘 𝙩𝙚𝙢𝙥𝙚𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙪𝙧𝙚𝙨 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙙𝙪𝙧𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙧𝙚𝙙𝙪𝙘𝙚𝙙 𝙫𝙞𝙧𝙪𝙨 𝙩𝙞𝙩𝙚𝙧𝙨 𝙗𝙪𝙩 𝙙𝙞𝙙 𝙣𝙤𝙩 𝙛𝙪𝙡𝙡𝙮 𝙞𝙣𝙖𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙖𝙩𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙫𝙞𝙧𝙪𝙨. Image
Read 5 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
May 24
𝗨𝗻𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗴𝗹𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗘𝘃𝗼𝗹𝘂𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝗼𝗳 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗥𝗲𝗰𝗲𝗽𝘁𝗼𝗿-𝗕𝗶𝗻𝗱𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗠𝗼𝘁𝗶𝗳 𝗼𝗳 𝗦𝗔𝗥𝗦-𝗖𝗼𝗩-2

link.springer.com/article/10.100…
Image
2) The receptor-binding motif (RBM) in the spike protein plays an important role in SARS-CoV-2's ability to infect humans by binding to the ACE2 receptor. Understanding the evolution of this motif is crucial to tracing the virus's origins.
3) Early in the pandemic, it was proposed that the RBM came from a pangolin coronavirus via recombination. However, a study challenged this, finding the RBM of RaTG13 bat coronavirus actually originated via recombination, making the pangolin RBM appear closer to SARS-CoV-2. Image
Read 7 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
May 24
𝗛5 𝗶𝗻 𝘄𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝘄𝗮𝘁𝗲𝗿 𝗶𝗻 𝗨𝗦 𝗮𝗹𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗱𝘆 𝗳𝗼𝗿 𝘀𝗲𝘃𝗲𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗺𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗵𝘀 !
(𝗮𝘁 𝗹𝗲𝗮𝘀𝘁 𝘀𝗶𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗙𝗲𝗯𝗿𝘂𝗮𝗿𝘆 5, 2024)

H/t @DuckSwabber
pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac…
Image
2) The authors detected avian influenza subtype H5 RNA in wastewater samples from treatment plants in Texas and North Carolina that showed increases in overall influenza A virus RNA in March-April 2024.

This time period coincided with reported outbreaks of ... Image
3) ... highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 circulating in dairy cattle in those regions.

They developed a new RT-PCR assay to specifically detect the H5 hemagglutinin gene and applied it retrospectively to wastewater samples Image
Read 7 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
May 24
𝗙𝗿𝗼𝗺 𝗯𝗶𝗿𝗱𝘀 𝘁𝗼 𝗺𝗮𝗺𝗺𝗮𝗹𝘀: 𝘀𝗽𝗶𝗹𝗹𝗼𝘃𝗲𝗿 𝗼𝗳 𝗵𝗶𝗴𝗵𝗹𝘆 𝗽𝗮𝘁𝗵𝗼𝗴𝗲𝗻𝗶𝗰 𝗮𝘃𝗶𝗮𝗻 𝗶𝗻𝗳𝗹𝘂𝗲𝗻𝘇𝗮 𝗛5𝗡1,
led to efficient intra- and interspecies transmission

H/t @DuckSwabber
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
Image
2) Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus was detected infecting dairy cattle herds in several states in the U.S. in early 2024, representing the first report of H5N1 in a livestock species. Image
3) Affected cattle displayed clinical signs like decreased appetite, respiratory distress, diarrhea, decreased milk production, and abnormal milk. Virus was detected in milk, nasal swabs, blood, and tissues of infected cows. Image
Read 10 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
May 23
𝗧𝗵𝗲 𝗢𝘂𝘁𝗯𝗿𝗲𝗮𝗸 𝗼𝗳 𝗨𝗻𝗲𝘅𝗽𝗹𝗮𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗱 𝗔𝗰𝘂𝘁𝗲 𝗛𝗲𝗽𝗮𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗶𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝗖𝗵𝗶𝗹𝗱𝗿𝗲𝗻 !

H/t @Ecole_Oubliee

(HUO or HOU hepatitis of unknown origin) mdpi.com/1999-4915/16/5…
Image
2) An outbreak of acute hepatitis of unknown etiology in children was reported globally in 2022. In Israel, 39 HUO cases were identified and 20 samples were tested. Human herpesvirus 6 was detected in 11/19 (58%) samples by PCR or serology, making it the most common finding. Image
3) Adenovirus and adeno-associated virus 2 were less frequent. Most children had past COVID-19 exposure. The unusual coincidence of multiple viral triggers during the pandemic may have induced liver inflammation. Image
Read 4 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
May 23
𝗜𝗻𝗳𝗹𝘂𝗲𝗻𝘇𝗮 𝗛5𝗡1 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗛1𝗡1 𝘃𝗶𝗿𝘂𝘀𝗲𝘀 𝗿𝗲𝗺𝗮𝗶𝗻 𝗶𝗻𝗳𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗶𝗻 𝘂𝗻𝗽𝗮𝘀𝘁𝗲𝘂𝗿𝗶𝘇𝗲𝗱 𝗺𝗶𝗹𝗸 𝗼𝗻 𝗺𝗶𝗹𝗸𝗶𝗻𝗴 𝗺𝗮𝗰𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗲𝗿𝘆 𝘀𝘂𝗿𝗳𝗮𝗰𝗲𝘀 😨

H/t @DecrolyE @BrianRWasik
medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
Image
2) Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 was detected in US dairy cattle herds in 2024, spreading between states and infecting at least one worker. Assessments found unpasteurized milk from infected cows contained high levels of infectious H5N1 virus.
3) To understand virus exposure risks to dairy workers during milking, the persistence of H5N1 and surrogate H1N1 influenza viruses were examined in unpasteurized milk on surfaces found in milking equipment like rubber inflation liners and stainless steel.
Read 5 tweets

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