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Emmanuel

@ejustin46

May 26

𝗣𝗹𝗮𝘀𝗺𝗮𝗰𝘆𝘁𝗼𝗶𝗱 𝗱𝗲𝗻𝗱𝗿𝗶𝘁𝗶𝗰 𝗰𝗲𝗹𝗹𝘀
𝗪𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝗶𝘀 𝘁𝗵𝗮𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗶𝗻𝗴 ? 🤔

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are immune cells that produce type I interferons to fight off viruses ... biorxiv.org/content/10.110…

2) They engulf pathogens, present antigens to activate immune responses, and regulate immune tolerance and inflammation. pDCs play a crucial role in both innate and adaptive immunity.

From the thread "Immune for kids"

https://x.com/ejustin46/status/1645022952813985792?t=FMPO7mOnFpOf0FFn3dCvMQ&s=19

3) They are key elements in understanding infection by respiratory viruses (SARS-COV-2 but also H5N1!!!) but also for their role in long COVID.

In this study (not layman terms 😒 sorry), they showed, that if plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are known ...

Read 10 tweets

Emmanuel

@ejustin46

May 26

▶️ 𝙏𝙖𝙠𝙚 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙎𝙥𝙞𝙠𝙚
▶️ 𝙋𝙖𝙨𝙨 𝙞𝙩 𝙩𝙬𝙚𝙣𝙩𝙮 𝙩𝙞𝙢𝙚𝙨 𝙞𝙣 𝙙𝙞𝙛𝙛𝙚𝙧𝙚𝙣𝙩 𝙝𝙪𝙢𝙖𝙣 𝙘𝙚𝙡𝙡𝙨
▶️ 𝙒𝙝𝙖𝙩 𝙘𝙝𝙖𝙣𝙜𝙚𝙨 / 𝙢𝙪𝙩𝙖𝙩𝙞𝙤𝙣𝙨 𝙬𝙞𝙡𝙡 𝙮𝙤𝙪 𝙝𝙖𝙫𝙚?

2) This is a major study that we had already posted and which unfortunately went unnoticed.
We certainly lack the talent to put it forward.
So, we decided to re-write a thread that could be more accessible.
First some explanations.

CELL LINES :ACE2, TMPRSS2 Huh-7, and IGROV-1

3)- ACE2: A549-ACE2 cells are lung carcinoma A549 cells engineered to overexpress the human angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptor.

- A549-ACE2-TMPRSS2 cells are cells further engineered to overexpress TMPRSS2.
- Huh-7 cells are derived from a human hepatocellular ...

Read 10 tweets

Emmanuel

@ejustin46

May 25

𝙉𝙤 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙠, 𝙘𝙡𝙤𝙩𝙝 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙠, 𝙨𝙪𝙧𝙜𝙞𝙘𝙖𝙡 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙠 𝙖𝙣𝙙 𝙉95 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙠 ?
𝘼𝙣 𝙖𝙨𝙩𝙤𝙣𝙞𝙨𝙝𝙞𝙣𝙜 𝙜𝙧𝙖𝙥𝙝 /𝙨𝙩𝙪𝙙𝙮 𝙤𝙣 𝙩𝙝𝙚 𝙚𝙛𝙛𝙚𝙘𝙩𝙞𝙫𝙚𝙣𝙚𝙨𝙨 𝙤𝙛 𝙢𝙖𝙨𝙠𝙨 !

𝘉𝘪𝘨 𝘵𝘩𝘢𝘯𝘬𝘴 𝘵𝘰 𝘮𝘺 𝘧𝘳𝘪𝘦𝘯𝘥 @DavidJoffe64
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…

2) This study is first of all about a compartmental model to analyze the complex transmission dynamics of COVID-19, focusing on the Delta and Omicron variants in India. The model tracks disease progression through different population groups.
Factors like ...

3) ... vaccination, time-dependent transmission rates, COVID-19 death rates, loss of vaccine-induced immunity, and transition of asymptomatic cases to recovery are considered.
The model was validated using established epidemiological knowledge and real-world data from India.

Read 8 tweets

Emmanuel

@ejustin46

May 25

𝗕𝗮𝗰𝘁𝗲𝗿𝗶𝗮𝗹 𝗥𝗲𝘀𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗮𝗻𝗰𝗲 𝗔𝗺𝗼𝗻𝗴 𝗜𝗻𝗽𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗲𝗻𝘁𝘀 𝗔𝗺𝗶𝗱𝘀𝘁 𝘁𝗵𝗲 𝗖𝗢𝗩𝗜𝗗-19 𝗣𝗮𝗻𝗱𝗲𝗺𝗶𝗰

𝘈 𝘮𝘦𝘵𝘢-𝘢𝘯𝘢𝘭𝘺𝘴𝘪𝘴

This scoping review examined 55 studies evaluating changes in antibiotic resistance (AMR) ... sciencedirect.com/science/articl…

2) ... among clinical cultures before and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Most common pathogens studied were Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus. Of 464 AMR results, 18% increased, 15% decreased ...

3) ...67% no change. Gram-negatives made up 69%, with 16% increased AMR, 15% decreased, and 69% no change. Gram-positives were 31%, with 24% increased, 14% decreased, 62% no change AMR.

Read 4 tweets

Emmanuel

@ejustin46

May 25

𝗦𝗔𝗥𝗦-𝗖𝗼𝗩-2 𝘃𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗱𝘆𝗻𝗮𝗺𝗶𝗰, 𝘃𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝗥𝗡𝗔 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝘃𝗶𝗿𝗮𝗹 𝘁𝗶𝘁𝗲𝗿

ascpt.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ps…

2) A viral dynamic model was developed to characterize SARS-CoV-2 dynamics based on viral RNA and titer levels from 720 patients with COVID-19 infected with Omicron. The model used a target cell limited approach incorporating non-productive eclipse phase cells, productive cells

3) ...that produce infectious virus which can become non-infectious, and an immune response stimulated by productive cells. Model fitting estimated vaccination delayed time from infection to symptoms from 3.0 to 3.6 days and strengthened the immune effect 1.1-fold.

Read 4 tweets

Emmanuel

@ejustin46

May 25

𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗿𝗮𝗻𝗮𝘀𝗮𝗹 𝘃𝗮𝗰𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 𝘄𝗶𝘁𝗵 𝗮𝗻 𝗡𝗗𝗩-𝘃𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗼𝗿𝗲𝗱 𝗦𝗔𝗥𝗦-𝗖𝗼𝗩-2 𝘃𝗮𝗰𝗰𝗶𝗻𝗲 𝗽𝗿𝗼𝘁𝗲𝗰𝘁𝘀 𝗮𝗴𝗮𝗶𝗻𝘀𝘁 𝗗𝗲𝗹𝘁𝗮 𝗮𝗻𝗱 𝗢𝗺𝗶𝗰𝗿𝗼𝗻 𝗰𝗵𝗮𝗹𝗹𝗲𝗻𝗴𝗲𝘀

𝘕𝘦𝘸 𝘴𝘵𝘶𝘥𝘺 !
nature.com/articles/s4154…

2) Researchers developed a Newcastle disease virus (NDV)-vectored vaccine expressing the spike protein of SARS-CoV-2 in a pre-fusion stabilized conformation. This chimeric spike protein contains 6 proline substitutions to stabilize it in the pre-fusion state.

3) When delivered intranasally, this NDV-PFS vaccine (expressing the pre-fusion stabilized spike protein) induced robust immune responses in Syrian hamsters and K18 mice.

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