The good news: risks of death and post-acute sequelae declined over time in both people who had mild COVID-19 and those with severe COVID-19 that required hospitalization.
This residual risk in the third year translates into 41 new sequelae/Long Covid components per 1000 persons in the third year (4 sequelae per 100 people)
🚨Risk of death declined over time, but remained elevated even 3 years after infection
🚨Risk of new post acute sequelae declined over time, but significant risk remained even at 3 years in nearly all organ systems - cardiovascular, neurologic, GI, coagulation and pulmonary organ systems
The big revelation here is that the risk persists for 3 years in several organ systems (e.g. GI and nervous system) even 3 years after a mild infection.
Healthcare professionals are taught that acute infections as short-term events with health effects that manifest around the time of infection.
The data challenges those teachings and shows that mild Covid can still cause health effects even 3 years later.
Acute infections can have long-term health effects.
Covid continues to teach us something new at every turn and this is one very important new lesson.
The story in hospitalized people is more stark – they have greater risk and longer risk horizon with resultant burden of disease that is astronomically much higher than non-infected people and higher than non-hospitalized individuals.
Hospitalization can have huge and wide-ranging effects on people's lives for years if not more. Preventing hospitalization is very important.
Our new study in @naturemedicine comprehensively maps all the benefits and risks of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1) (Ozempic, Wegovy, Mounjaro, Zepbound).
We saw that GLP1 use has substantially increased, and reports emerged about some off-target effects. But we realized that no one had comprehensively investigated effectiveness & risks of GLP-1 across all possible health outcomes nature.com/articles/s4159…
3. So, we decided to do the comprehensive study!
We did a discovery analysis which comprehensively examined 175 possible health outcomes (leaving no stone unturned) in 215,970 people on GLP1 and more than 2 million individuals not on GLP1
🚨 Long COVID is a significant health crisis in China too!
My commentary on the largest Chinese study to date, involving 74,075 participants, which found that 10-30% of them reported long COVID symptoms such as fatigue and brain fog #LongCovid
People who were randomly assigned to molnupiravir during the acute phase of COVID-19 had better outcomes at 3 months and 6 months than those randomly assigned to usual care
We review the mechanisms of Long Covid including viral persistence, immune dysfunction, thrombo-inflammation, neuronal inflammation, and microbiome dysbiosis. nature.com/articles/s4159…
We review the devastating impacts of Long Covid on individuals and communities, health systems, economies, and global health metrics.