Quick thread on current Covid situation in England and Long Covid.
I have Thoughts about the Inquiry Report published yesterday but am still trying to organise them.
TLDR: high Covid levels remain, Long Covid remains 1/11
This wave is not over. While the number of admissions with Covid remains lower than the autumn/winter waves, it has now remained highsh for several weeks.
This means there are a lot of people out there getting sick - and having their work, plans and holidays disrupted. 2/11
Scottish wastewater data to 9 July shows a sharp decrease, suggesting that prevalence might be on its way down.
Obviously Scotland and England can have different dynamics, but it’s the best we’ve got as long as England refuses to analyse its own wastwater. 3/11
A new paper on Long Covid (LC) from the US shows the ongoing risk of Long Covid.
CAVEAT 1: their data is most older men. Age/sex strongly associated with LC so can't easily extrapolate results to population. 4/11
CAVEAT 2: they only consider *first* recorded infections - the infection with the highest risk of developing of Long Covid.
Most people have now had Covid at least once, and so again, the results are not directly comparable to the current situation. 5/11
Overall, the chance of developing new Long Covid in unvaccinated people on their first recorded infection reduced from about 10.4% to 7.8% from the original variant to the Omicron variant (that arose in December 2021 and swept the world). 6/11
Being vaccinated reduced your chance of developing LC by about half (to 3.5%) - consistent with previous research on the efficacy of vaccines in preventing LC.
3.5% of vaxxed people developing LC following their 1st Omicron infection still represents a really high number.
7/11
From ONS data, previous infection reduced the chance of new Long Covid by 28%. We don't know how that changes after multiple previous infections.
But even if risk of new LC is now 1-2% that is still high given ongoing waves. 8/11
Covid is not seasonal, and a substantial proportion of the population are getting infected every year.
Even if for most people newly affected it resolves over several months, it still means that every wave leaves tens of thousands people with lingering symptoms. 9/11
Thousands will suffer such severe symptoms that they might be forced out of work or education and lifechanging constraints to their daily activity.
Already almost 400,000 people are severely affected, many for years. 10/11
So, neither Covid nor Long Covid have gone away even if we are far from the situation we were in during the first couple of years of the pandemic. 11/11
The pandemic is as bad as it ever was for babies - in year to Aug 2023, 6,300 babies under 1 were admitted to hospital wholly or partly BECAUSE of Covid.
They are ONLY age group where admissions have NOT gone down over time 1/17
Our study, led by Prof @katebrown220, looked at all hospitalisations in England in children with a Covid diagnosis or positive test from Aug 2020-Aug 2023.
We then *excluded* all admissions where a Covid diagnosis was incidental (ie not why they were in hospital)
2/17
Infants (babies under 1) are generally at higher risk from respiratory infections, plus they are the age group that, if infected, are overwhelmingly meeting the virus for the first time.
They are not vaccinated and have not had it before. 3/17
Prof @Kevin_Fong giving the most devastating and moving testimony to the Covid Inquiry of visiting hospital intensive care units at the height of the second wave in late Dec 2020.
The unimaginable scale of death, the trauma, the loss of hope.
Please watch this 2min clip.
And here he breaks down while explaining the absolute trauma experienced by smaller hospitals in particular - the "healthier" ICU patients were transferred out, leaving them coping with so much death.
They felt so alone.
Here Prof Fong explains how every nurse he met was traumatised by watching patients die, being only able to hold up ipads to their relatives and how it went against their normal practice of trying to ensure a dignified death, with family there.
🧵War causes direct civilian deaths but also indirect deaths over the following years.
Recent paper estimates eventual total direct & indirect deaths in Gaza attributable to the war - 10% of entire pop'n.
I want to explain these estimates and why deaths must be counted. 1/13
Why count casualties from war anyway? For moral, legal and strategic reasons.
1 - owe it to those who have died
2 - International law says must count & identify dead as far as possible
3 - monitor progress of war & learn from tactics
2/13
There are direct and indirect casualties of war. Direct deaths include those who killed by fighting or bombs.
Indirect deaths are those that die when they would otherwise have lived because of one or more of: lack of food, healthcare, housing, sanitation, income, hope. 3/13
THREAD: the summer Covid wave in the UK continues.
Basically, there is a LOT of Covid around and not a lot of other respiratory viruses.
If you have cold or flu symptoms, it's probably Covid.
The latest hospital data from England shows steady, quite high levels. 1/8
But admissions don't tell us how much virus is circulating more generally. The best (but imperfect) measure we have is wasterwater measurements, and only in Scotland and not England.
Scotland's wastewater is showing a huge July peak - highest since Omicron's 1st yr in 2022 2/8
Because different people shed different amounts of virus and variants can matter too, you can't for sure infer how many people were infected between different wasterwater peaks. BUT given the size, I'd say it's pretty likely this is the largest peak since 2022 in Scotland 3/8