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Emmanuel Profile picture
@ejustin46
Aug 12, 2024 • 9 tweets • 3 min read • Read on X
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The risk of COGNITIVE DECLINE and DEMENTIA in OLDER ADULTS DIAGNOSED with COVID-19

A systematic review and meta-analysis + mega-thread 🧵
Thanks to @DavidJoffe64
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…
Image
2) This meta-analysis (18 studies, 412,957 patients) found that older adults (aged ≥65 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 are at significant risk of developing cognitive impairment. The overall mean MoCA score for COVID patients was 23.34 out of 30, indicating cognitive impairment. Image
3) 65% of COVID-19 patients were identified as having new-onset cognitive impairment based on MoCA scores.

Importantly, the study found that time since COVID-19 infection impacts cognitive outcomes. Patients assessed within 3 months of infection had lower MoCA scores and ... Image
4) ... a higher proportion of cognitive impairment compared to those assessed 3 months or more after infection. This suggests some cognitive recovery over time.

The review also examined the link between COVID-19 and dementia. Image
5) Several studies reported an increased risk of new-onset dementia in COVID-19 patients compared to controls, as well as accelerated cognitive decline in those with pre-existing dementia. Image
6) Overall, the findings indicate that cognitive impairment is an important sequela of COVID-19, especially in older adults. The authors call for further research to fully understand the long-term cognitive impacts of COVID-19.

Thanks for reading 🙏
7) Others threads 👇
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More from @ejustin46

Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 19
WHY is it IMPOSSIBLE to COMPLETELY ELIMINATE the SARS-CoV-2 virus?
What causes the virus or its remnants to linger in our bodies even after a mild or asymptomatic infection?
(1st part : "The persistence")

This discussion will address these questions through multiple threads... Image
2) ...drawing from a wealth of published research due to the intricacy of the topic.

To start, we’ll present a concise overview of five key studies that demonstrate the virus's persistence for weeks or even months following infection. Image
3) References Studies :
nature.com/articles/s4158…
link.springer.com/article/10.100…
thelancet.com/journals/lanmi…
nature.com/articles/s4159…
onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jc…
Read 10 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 18
"Now this is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end" (Winston Churchill)

This study shows that the Sarbecoviruses have the capacity to generate new variants rapidly, with RBD of two novel viral groups exhibiting high similarity to SARS-CoV-2
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…Image
2) Over 3 years, researchers sampled 1,462 bats in Cambodia Steung Treng province, identifying extensive and diverse coronaviruses co-circulation. Using metatranscriptomic and amplicon sequencing, they generated 33 complete sarbecovirus genomes. Image
4) This study suggests that the viral family of Sarbecoviruses can reserve some unpleasant surprises, and quite rapidly:

▶️ They emphasize the "significant pandemic threat" posed by the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of circulating bat coronaviruses.
Read 7 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 18
Doctor, I'm confused 🤔
I have a high level of antibodies, yet I'm still experiencing long COVID. Why is that?

"The ANTIBODIES PARADOX in LONG COVID Condition: Unraveling the Disconnect Between Humoral Immunity and Chronic Illness"
nature.com/articles/s4146…Image
2) The finding in this study of persistently higher anti-N antibody levels in people with Post-Covid Condition (PCC) compared to those with acute infection only, does seem paradoxical at first glance. Image
3) A few points on this:

▶️ The study suggests this may indicate "altered immune activation or viral persistence" in people with PCC, rather than just a stronger antibody response per se. Image
Read 8 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 17
The incredible world of T-CELLS and why are they exhausted fighting the SARS-COV-2 virus ?

(An explanation🧵 for kids based on an astonish study Thanks to @DavidJoffe64)
sciencedirect.com/science/articl…Image
2) T-cells are like the superheroes of our immune system - they work hard to protect us from germs and viruses.

When a virus like SARS-COV-2 gets into our body, the T cells spring into action. There are different types of T cells, each with a special job to do. Image
3) - Some T cells are like the fighters, killing off the virus-infected cells.
- Other T cells are the coordinators, telling the other immune cells what to do.
- There are also T cells that act like the police, making sure the immune response doesn't go overboard.
Read 11 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 16
"COVID-19 CRUSADERS:
The TRIO of NASAL IMMUNE CELLS That BATTLE the VIRUS"

A masterpiece study in Nature 💯💥
nature.com/articles/s4159…Image
2) The most important immune components in the nasal tissue for fighting COVID-19 are:

▶️ Monocytes and neutrophils
- These immune cells moved into the area under the nose lining during active COVID-19 infection and helped protect the underlying lymphoid tissue. Image
3)▶️ Macrophages
- As people recovered from COVID-19, macrophages started to help repair the nasal tissue.
▶️ Germinal centers and B cells
- The specialized germinal center structures in the nose contained active B cells that were producing antibodies against the COVID-19 virus Image
Read 6 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 16
How SARS-COV-2 spreads (Re) and why there are differences between countries ?

An explanation for kids based on the astonishing new study of @firefoxx66 @richardneher and colleagues
pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40233303/Image
2) With a really fast-spreading virus going around, like the one that causes COVID-19, when someone gets sick, they can pass the virus to other people. But some sick people end up spreading it to a lot more people than others. Image
2) The scientists in this study wanted to figure out how the virus is spreading and how much it's spreading from person to person. To do this, they looked at the genetic code, or the "DNA", of the virus.

Whenever the virus infects someone new, it can change a little bit.
Read 7 tweets

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