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Nick #RespiratorsFilterPathogens😷 Anderegg Profile picture
@NickAnderegg
Aug 29, 2024 • 3 tweets • 1 min read • Read on X
SIGNIFICANT NEW STUDY PUBLISHED TODAY IN NATURE!

Fibrin "binds to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein," forming clots that "drive systemic thromboinflammation and neuropathology," and it happens "independently of active infection."

Simplified breakdown of the paper below!

1/many Published on Aug 28, 2024 in Nature: "Fibrin drives thromboinflammation and neuropathology in COVID-19" Abstract: "Fibrinogen, the central structural component of blood clots, is abundantly deposited in the lungs and brains of patients with COVID-19, correlates with disease severity... Here we show that fibrin binds to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein, forming proinflammatory blood clots that drive systemic thromboinflammation and neuropathology in COVID-19. Fibrin, acting through its inflammatory domain, is required for oxidative stress and macrophage activation in the lungs, w...
This paper has SEVERAL MAJOR FINDINGS, spanning multiple major aspects of COVID pathology!

IMO, this paper is a MAJOR BREAKTHROUGH, as the authors "establish fibrin as a key driver of inflammation and neuropathology in SARS-CoV-2 infection."

2/ Image
Here is the entire thread summarizing the paper “Fibrin drivers thromboinflammation and neuropathology in COVID-19,” on one page: readwise.io/reader/shared/…

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More from @NickAnderegg

Nick #RespiratorsFilterPathogens😷 Anderegg Profile picture
Feb 1
Many people are asking for recommendations about what storage media to buy, so here's a buying guide from an experienced data hoarder (me)

The MOST IMPORTANT thing to know is that SOLID-STATE MEDIA IS NOT DURABLE. Flash drives, SSDs, SD cards, etc. are NOT long-term storage.

1/
That's not to say that it's impossible to use solid-state media for long-term storage. It's just that anything with durability guarantees gets prohibitively expensive quickly. Spinning hard drives—as well as DVDs and Blu-ray discs!—are your friend.

2/
- The way data is stored in solid-state media makes it much more susceptible to bit rot than other media.
- In a spinning hard drive, the moving parts are the most common point of failure.
- When you burn a DVD, that shit is fairly permanent.

3/
Read 42 tweets
Nick #RespiratorsFilterPathogens😷 Anderegg Profile picture
Jan 9
I wish people would understand that insurance underwriters have armies of actuaries calculating risks, and if an insurance company drops you, it's because things have changed in such a way that insuring you will take more out of the financial pool than you're putting in

1/
It sucks, but it's a direct result of the fact that humans are widely inhabiting locations that are rapidly becoming impossible to inhabit safely. If you can't find insurance for your home, it means there's a high likelihood you'll need to move soon anyway.

2/
You get insurance so that you can replace all of your stuff in the event of a disaster. When the insurance company effectively says "the risk of disaster is so high that insuring you would almost certainly cause us to lose a lot of money," it ALSO means your life is in danger

3/
Read 7 tweets
Nick #RespiratorsFilterPathogens😷 Anderegg Profile picture
Jan 5
So here’s the thing about some of the subtle neuro damage related to SARS-CoV-2 infection that I think a lot of people miss: some of the known deficits are correlated with things like impulsiveness and poor emotional control, so we might expect to see deficits there are well

1/
Consider how impatient people seem to be on the road in the last couple years relative to the 2010s, and I think we have a perfect example of where this is LIKELY already manifesting.

2/
This impact is particularly insidious for the person experiencing it, because poor impulse control, by definition, doesn’t really come on gradually. My biggest concern is how interactions under these circumstances will play out if this impact continues to become more common

3/
Read 15 tweets
Nick #RespiratorsFilterPathogens😷 Anderegg Profile picture
Jan 3
Let's review some major points in the Nukit controversy, since some people are unclear:

- Someone criticized someone's use of Nukit lanterns.
- Nukit attacked the critic because, as noted, this is how they market
- Nukit now demands "mediation" with the community (how??)

1/ @marigoldglitter: "these tools should be used for people who must be in public despite the dangers, not for white men who want to eat in restaurants and maintain the status quo. if this is what you're gonna use these for, give them to a disabled person who can't go to the doctor b/c of risk." Nukit: ""White man" in this case is buying those products from non-white small businesses who are focused on providing the community with effective, tested mitigations at far, far lower costs than anyone else." OP: "Like why are you coming at me with this aggressive...
Nukit: "If you are in the US, and would like to purchase Far-UVC products, we cannot help you at this time. We tried to resolve the issues there, but the US COVID-Aware community was uninterested in mediation or intercession. As a result of that disinterest, a great deal of harm was done. When stock is finished, we will not be selling our products to the Us anymore. If you are in the US and want Nukit products, would like 333 million Americans, many disabled or immune compromised, to be able to access the most affordable Far-UVC on the market, kindly address the people who made it unsa...
So let's look at this a bit more critically. Here is the "evidence" Nukit provided that the didn't say anything racist. First of all, these aren't the comments in question, but it's worth a look anyway.

2/ Ok, I get that "evidence," "citations," and "personal accountability" are going to be called racist, but since people insist on just spewing lie after lie without any pushback- here's what actually happened. @marigoldglitter- a white woman attacked a Nukit customer who was supporting us by showing our products. This is something we rely on to fund research and donations. If our customers do not do this, that money goes to paid advertising. So yes, attacking our customers is attacking our company and directly harming marginalized folks who receive our products. ...
Seems to be framed this way because Nukit knows it's not an adequate explanation, so they're acting like anyone who criticizes them is in the wrong. --- A bigoted comment is a bigoted comment, even if it's not directed at someone who might be personally offended. Of course, Nukit didn't include the comments people actually call racist! --- Nukit is explicitly saying here that they view any criticism as an "attack," because criticisms can potentially hurt their business goals. Fundamentally, Nukit is angry that this usage of their products are being criticized. --- After Nuki...
Let's be clear about what happened here: Someone lamented the unequal access to protective measures and criticized someone who seems to be using a certain device to *maintain the status quo*, and the manufacturer of the device found it unacceptable.

3/
Read 16 tweets
Nick #RespiratorsFilterPathogens😷 Anderegg Profile picture
Oct 9, 2024
NEW STUDY! This exploratory study identifies a SPECIFIC PHENOTYPE OF LONG COVID that appears related to NEUROMUSCULAR DISTURBANCE rather than lung damage—and they've termed it Complex Ventilatory Dysfunction!

Breakdown of the paper (thread written for a general audience!)...

1/ Published Oct 7, 2024: "A new phenotype of patients with post-COVID-19 condition is characterised by a pattern of complex ventilatory dysfunction, neuromuscular disturbance and fatigue symptoms" Abstract: Background Patients with post-COVID-19 condition frequently suffer from chronic dyspnoea. The causes and mechanism for dyspnoea in these patients without evidence of structural lung disease are unclear. ... Results ... A pattern of reduced forced vital capacity (FVC), but normal total lung capacity (TLC), termed complex ventilatory dysfunction ... was observed and occurred mo...
Broadly speaking, there are two groups of acute covid outcomes involving dyspnea (shortness of breath) as a long-term symptom:

- Severe cases that may have physical lung damage
- "Mild" cases that now have ME/CFS-like features, but who have no evidence of lung damage!

2/ "Current evidence suggests that cellular damage, a robust innate immune response with inflammatory cytokine production and a procoagulant state induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection are factors potentially contributing to post-COVID-19 sequelae such as dyspnoea, fatigue, and cognitive and mental disturbances... Dyspnoea has been well characterised as a major clinical symptom of post-COVID condition after severe and critical COVID-19 and is correlated with impaired lung function in terms of pulmonary restriction, and with reduced diffusion capacity as a possible consequence of pulmonary remod...
In this study, they explored this distinction further and identified a distinct subset of patients with a pattern of breathing abnormality that they have termed complex ventilatory dysfunction (CVD).

So how did they arrive at this conclusion? Let's dig in!

3/16 "We hypothesise that patients suffering from post-COVID-19 condition who have fatigue and exertional intolerance also have a reduction in respiratory muscle strength, causing a dysfunctional breathing pattern which is distinct from typical pulmonary sequelae after COVID-19 such as obstruction, restriction or impaired diffusion capacity. Based on clinical observations, we describe a new breathing abnormality termed complex ventilatory dysfunction (CVD), defined as total lung capacity (TLC) - forced vital capacity (FVC) >10% predicted value and absence of restriction (TLC ≥ lower limit o...
Read 16 tweets
Nick #RespiratorsFilterPathogens😷 Anderegg Profile picture
Sep 22, 2024
NEW STUDY! It VERY thoroughly supports the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 emerged as a zoonotic spillover event in the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market—using multiple methods!

Breakdown of the paper (written for a general audience!)...

1/many (but it's worth it, I promise!) Published Sep 19, 2024 in Cell: "Genetic tracing of market wildlife and viruses at the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic" Highlights: - Common ancestor of SARS-CoV-2 linked to Huanan market matches the global common ancestor - Wildlife mitochondrial DNA identified in samples from stalls positive for SARS-CoV-2 Abstract: "... We demonstrate that market-linked severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) genetic diversity is consistent with market emergence and find increased SARS-CoV-2 positivity near and within a wildlife stall. We identify wildlife DNA in...
This paper reanalyzes the same data from the April 2023 paper in Nature that cast doubt on the Huanan Market hypothesis (pictured).

In the new paper published in Cell this week, another group conducted far more detailed (and statistically sound) analyses!

2/
Original paper that analyzed this same data: "Surveillance ofSARS-CoV-2 at the Huanan Seafood Market" "Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019, emerged in December 2019. Its origins remain uncertain. It has been reported that a number of the early human cases of coronavirus disease 2019 had a history of contact with the Huanan Seafood Market...."
"...It should be noted that the selection of shops for sampling was biased because shops selling wildlife as well as shops linked to early cases were prioritized for sampling. The origin of the virus cannot be determined from the analyses available so far. Although gene barcode analysis of animal species in the study suggested that Myotis, Nyctereutes and Melogale-species that have been recognized as potential host species of sarbecoviruses-were present at the market, these barcodes were mostly detected within the SARS-CoV-2 RT-qPCR-negative samples from the environment. It remains pos...
This new paper starts by reviewing the evidence supporting the Huanan Market hypothesis, and some of the details are FASCINATING!

To begin with, of the 174 COVID cases identified with an onset of December 2019, 32% had a link to the Huanan Market.

In a city of 12 million.

3/ "INTRODUCTION Many of the earliest known cases of COVID-19 worked at or visited the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market ("Huanan market") in the city of Wuhan, a link first made by clinicians at different hospitals throughout the city. Retrospective review of early COVID-19 cases identified 174 patients with onset in December 2019, 32% of whom had an ascertained link to this location, within a city of over 12 million."
Read 24 tweets

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