#DevRel, Coder, Writer, Raconteur. #LongCovid ally/loudmouth. šŗšøinšØš¦ he;cis;bi. Tweets: research analyses, public health, cognition, linguistics, ADHD, tech
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Broadly speaking, there are two groups of acute covid outcomes involving dyspnea (shortness of breath) as a long-term symptom:
This paper reanalyzes the same data from the April 2023 paper in Nature that cast doubt on the Huanan Market hypothesis (pictured).
Kasper P. Kepp "has been engaged in the pandemic debate in Danish media and social media, where he has been critical of the studied zero-covid groups"
Here's the takeaway: The *Main protease* (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2āan enzyme that cuts up viral polyproteinsācan also cleave a few host coagulation factors in a way that ACTIVATES them and BEGINS the blood clot cascade.
This one is dense, so I'll start with the takeaways, then some background, then the details.
So as you probably know (or at least, should know), prolonged fatigue is one of the most common and significant long-term consequences of COVID, even after mild cases.
This thread will have three things:
This was a very large cross-sectional study that looked at a national population, conducted by Italy's census agency. They controlled for covariates including socioeconomic status, age, and gender, then clustered and stratified the population as appropriate.!["Data on BW consumption were obtained from the āAspects of Daily Lifeā survey on households, conducted by the Italian National Institute of Statistics (ISTAT) [19]. ... The aim of the survey is to identify a variety of behavioral dimensions and aspects of daily life. ... We analyzed data from the 2021 edition of the survey, which included 45,597 individuals and 20,000 families, focusing on those who were 18 years or older at the time of the survey. ... a distinct stratum of municipalities with larger populations, labeled as self-representative (SR), and other municipalities, designated...](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GVDBF48W4AAKDgi.jpg)
This is definitely the definition for Long COVID I'll be explicitly using from now on: Long COVID is "the constellation of post-acute and long-term health effects caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection."
What is the takeaway? There are three:
[This paper is an uncorrected proof; it's been peer-reviewed, but not copyedited yet.]
This study was conducted from January 2020 to June 2021 using admission screening swabs from 556 oncology patients at a single hospital in Jerusalem.
Overall, it's pretty extensive: They examined the productivity of neuronal infection in multiple animal models and multiple neuronal cell cultures, and found productive neuronal infection across the board.
The paper is fairly complex, but the takeaways are pretty straightforward, so I'll start with the highlights!
I love this preprint because, not only does it make a specific subtype of LC into a tangible medical artifact, but it also identifies the way in which SPIES differs from similar conditions, like IBS!
The clinical trials (conducted last decade) were based on the hypothesis that a subset of ME/CFS patients are experiencing an autoimmune condition; this study is the six-year follow-up!
Initially, remdesivir received emergency FDA approval because in one NIH-sponsored trial, the remdesivir group recovered quicker than the control group. That's ALL.
This study is out of Australia, where patients who acquire COVID after their admission to the hospital are 50% more likely to die within 90 days.!["... Hospital-acquired COVID-19 infections occur when patients admitted for non-COVID-19 reasons acquire COVID-19 following exposure to staff, other patients or visitors, and infection prevention and control measures are insufficient to prevent transmission. As well as being a patient safety risk, hospital-acquired infections carry significant costs to the health system [2-4]. [...] In the state of Victoria, 15-25% of patients in hospital with COVID-19 between June 2022-June 2023 acquired their infection after admission, with 90-day mortality of 18.9% compared to 12.3% among matched pa...](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GSvUCjQWAAAsTSS.jpg)
Obviously, different countries were going to take different approaches, but right out of the gate, much of the US/Euro response was based on empirically-unfounded dogma.!["What information was available about SARS in the scientific literature before the COVID-19 pandemic? Laboratory practices and medical treatment guidelines were published during and shortly after the 2003 SARS outbreak, regarding coronavirus identification by RT-PCR, epidemiology, and containment strategies. Clinical chemistry guidelines [22], diagnosis based on RT-PCR [23-26] and indications for therapeutic treatment were readily available from the experience with SARS. Although this knowledge was available well before the COVID-19 pandemic, much of it was "rediscovered" in...](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GSfbDwHXwAQKpX_.jpg)
!["Similarly, the use of hyper-immune serum from recovered patients was indicated among the successful therapeutic interventions during the SARS outbreak [29] and was apparently rediscovered, as a new and innovative strategy, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Also the increased incidence of Kawasaki-like disease (or rather "syndrome" as this clinical presentation of the SARS-CoV-2 infection in children is now called), had been described during the SARS outbreak, and has occurred again during the COVID-19 pandemic [30], as should have been expected, given the much larger prevalence ...](https://pbs.twimg.com/media/GSfbFL9WUAUiG0r.jpg)