2) COVID-19 has led to reports of long-term health problems and increased deaths among survivors. Studies show COVID-19 patients, especially those hospitalized or with other conditions, face higher risks of heart disease, stroke, and blood clots for up to 2 years.
3) Vaccination seems to provide some protection, reducing these complications. But getting reinfected may further increase the risk.
The data on long-term mortality is mixed. Some studies found a 2-3 times higher risk of death, especially in the first year and among older adults
4) But this extra mortality risk may be mainly in hospitalized patients, with the risk returning to normal for outpatients after 6 months.
These outcomes could be influenced by factors like disruptions in healthcare and changes in virus variants during the early pandemic.
5) For insured populations, the key risks appear to be hospitalization and other medical conditions. But for healthier, non-hospitalized individuals, the longer-term impacts seem less severe.
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CAN WE BLOCK SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION, or at least can we "switch off" the replication of the virus?
Yes, the SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro) can naturally switch to an inactive form under oxidizing conditions, blocking viral replication. nature.com/articles/s4146…
2) Based on the information provided in this study, for the SARS-CoV-2 virus infection to be stopped, the main protease (Mpro) needs to be in an inactive state.
3) The key points are:
- Mpro is an essential enzyme for the viral replication process. It proteolytically processes the viral polyproteins, which is required for the virus to replicate.
- The study shows that Mpro can reversibly switch between an active dimeric form and ...
HOW CAN WE BLOCK SARS-CoV-2 INFECTION (treatments) ?
FACTOR Xa ? 🤔
It is not a fictional mutant and superhero appearing in Marvel Comics, but a serine protease that can cleave and inactivate the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein ...
2) ...blocking viral entry into cells and providing antiviral protection.
It is a protein involved in the blood clotting process. It helps convert prothrombin into thrombin, which is a key step in forming blood clots.
3) This study identifies a previously unknown antiviral function of the serine protease factor Xa (FXa) against SARS-CoV-2. nature.com/articles/s4146…
2) This study analyzed detailed COVID-19 case data across the US, revealing unexpected regional patterns in the epidemic waves. It found a prominent north-south oscillation in case rates in the eastern US, with rates alternating between the northeast and southeast every 6 months.
3) It also identified a secondary east-west oscillation in the northern US. These regional oscillations create traveling epidemic waves, beyond the well-known national winter surges.
2) This review traces the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants from 2022 to 2023, focusing on the Omicron lineage. It shows how the virus has become more fit over time by acquiring mutations that enhance the spike protein's ability to bind to cells and evade antibodies.
3) Key examples include:
- BA.5 gaining mutations to both increase receptor binding and avoid antibodies
- BA.2.75 getting a mutation that boosted both binding and immune evasion
- Variants like BQ.1.1 and XBB combining mutations to optimize receptor binding and antibody escape.