2) This study examined how co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and dengue virus can impact the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 variants.
The key findings are:
- 2% of COVID-19 patients in the study area also had dengue virus infection. These co-infected patients showed more severe symptoms ..
3) ...like headaches and loss of smell/taste.
- Genetic analysis revealed the co-infected patients had significantly more mutations in the SARS-CoV-2 virus compared to those with COVID-19 alone.
4) - Mathematical modeling estimated that the emergence of the Delta variant required about 9-12 more mutations than earlier variants, while the Omicron variant accumulated about 19 more mutations than Delta.
5) - The increased mutations in co-infected cases suggest the compromised immune system allows the virus to adapt and evolve more easily. This could lead to the emergence of new SARS-CoV-2 variants, especially when dengue and COVID-19 are circulating together.
6) - Ongoing monitoring of viral mutations and studying co-infection effects are important to anticipate and prepare for potential future SARS-CoV-2 variant outbreaks.
There are some limitations in this study as the potential underestimation of coinfection prevalence,
7) ...the small coinfection sample size and the limited clinical data.
Thanks for reading 🙏
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WHY is it IMPOSSIBLE to COMPLETELY ELIMINATE the SARS-CoV-2 virus?
What causes the virus or its remnants to linger in our bodies even after a mild or asymptomatic infection?
(1st part : "The persistence")
This discussion will address these questions through multiple threads...
2) ...drawing from a wealth of published research due to the intricacy of the topic.
To start, we’ll present a concise overview of five key studies that demonstrate the virus's persistence for weeks or even months following infection.
"Now this is not the end. It is not even the beginning of the end" (Winston Churchill)
This study shows that the Sarbecoviruses have the capacity to generate new variants rapidly, with RBD of two novel viral groups exhibiting high similarity to SARS-CoV-2 biorxiv.org/content/10.110…
2) Over 3 years, researchers sampled 1,462 bats in Cambodia Steung Treng province, identifying extensive and diverse coronaviruses co-circulation. Using metatranscriptomic and amplicon sequencing, they generated 33 complete sarbecovirus genomes.
4) This study suggests that the viral family of Sarbecoviruses can reserve some unpleasant surprises, and quite rapidly:
▶️ They emphasize the "significant pandemic threat" posed by the genetic diversity and evolutionary dynamics of circulating bat coronaviruses.
Doctor, I'm confused 🤔
I have a high level of antibodies, yet I'm still experiencing long COVID. Why is that?
"The ANTIBODIES PARADOX in LONG COVID Condition: Unraveling the Disconnect Between Humoral Immunity and Chronic Illness" nature.com/articles/s4146…
2) The finding in this study of persistently higher anti-N antibody levels in people with Post-Covid Condition (PCC) compared to those with acute infection only, does seem paradoxical at first glance.
3) A few points on this:
▶️ The study suggests this may indicate "altered immune activation or viral persistence" in people with PCC, rather than just a stronger antibody response per se.
2) T-cells are like the superheroes of our immune system - they work hard to protect us from germs and viruses.
When a virus like SARS-COV-2 gets into our body, the T cells spring into action. There are different types of T cells, each with a special job to do.
3) - Some T cells are like the fighters, killing off the virus-infected cells.
- Other T cells are the coordinators, telling the other immune cells what to do.
- There are also T cells that act like the police, making sure the immune response doesn't go overboard.
2) The most important immune components in the nasal tissue for fighting COVID-19 are:
▶️ Monocytes and neutrophils
- These immune cells moved into the area under the nose lining during active COVID-19 infection and helped protect the underlying lymphoid tissue.
3)▶️ Macrophages
- As people recovered from COVID-19, macrophages started to help repair the nasal tissue.
▶️ Germinal centers and B cells
- The specialized germinal center structures in the nose contained active B cells that were producing antibodies against the COVID-19 virus
How SARS-COV-2 spreads (Re) and why there are differences between countries ?
An explanation for kids based on the astonishing new study of @firefoxx66 @richardneher and colleagues pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40233303/
2) With a really fast-spreading virus going around, like the one that causes COVID-19, when someone gets sick, they can pass the virus to other people. But some sick people end up spreading it to a lot more people than others.
2) The scientists in this study wanted to figure out how the virus is spreading and how much it's spreading from person to person. To do this, they looked at the genetic code, or the "DNA", of the virus.
Whenever the virus infects someone new, it can change a little bit.