Tomorrow is Geeks & Nerds for Harris, a free livestream hosted by @RealLyndaCarter bringing fandoms together in support of Kamala Harris. I don't know if anyone is planning to show up in a costume, but if they do, I want you to think about the work that goes into costuming. 🧵
If a costume dept has done its job well, you shouldn't think about the costumes at all. The clothes should just pull you into the show. Such is the case of The Boys, where the clothes were made by a network of tailors and designers operating under the name LA Specialty Costumes.
To understand what makes this type of work special, you have to understand how clothes are made. Generally speaking, there are two types: ready-to-wear and bespoke.
In ready-to-wear (RTW), a designer comes up with an idea and works with a factory to make a series of samples
This iterative process—making a sample, adjusting the design, making another sample, adjusting the design—is how they're able to come up with such creative pieces that fit a wide range of body types. A bespoke tailor would never be able to make this for you:
The problem with RTW is that it's made to fit many ppl but no one in particular. This is where bespoke tailoring comes in. In bespoke, a garment is perfected for a client through an iterative series of fittings. The labor intensiveness of this makes it hard to create samples
For shows such as The Boys, the costuming process is unique in that it combines these two worlds: the unbounded creativity in RTW with the perfect fit in bespoke tailoring. It also brings to bear a much wider scope of technologies (as you'll soon see).
The process starts with concept art, which as you can see below, is much more detailed than what can be found in a fashion designer's sketchbook. It's important to get all these details right bc they have to be approved by committees, so everyone is on the same page.
Once the actors have been casted, they are measured by tailors, like you would see in a traditional bespoke tailoring process (such as below). But here's where things diverge: the actors also put on tight clothes, such as cycling shorts, and get a full body scan.
This gives the costume dept a digital rendering, which they use to play around with the proportions of the costume, so all the details come out right (as agreed upon in the concept art). They also use this data to create a 3D mold of the person's body (like a dress form or dummy)
I should say here that I know a tailor who makes bespoke suits for films. I asked if I could get photos of body forms so I can share them with you. He wisely said it's prob a bad idea for him to share semi-naked pics of Harrison Ford. OK Fair. So here's some pics of Ford clothed
These forms allow the tailors to conduct fittings without the actors being physically present. However, actors still need to come in for fittings. Laura Jean Shannon told me she had The Boys' cast come in and do kung-fu kicks in these clothes to make sure they fit right.
At a bespoke tailoring shop, a client will choose a stock fabric from one of the many fabric books. For The Boys, the fabrics are often customized. For example, Homelander's suit is made from a durable twill known as gabardine, much like military uniforms of the past.
However, the fabric has been put through a high-density printing process, which gives it some texture. Homelander's suit features a repeat eagle pattern. Soldier Boy's suit has repeating stars, but made with clear ink and little sparkles, so they catch the light in diff ways.
These costumes are also layered over bespoke muscle suits. These muscle suits build up a silhouette and even out the actor's muscles (ppl are rarely symmetrical). In season one of The Boys, the muscle suits were made from latex; now they are made from lighter weight foam.
The presence of a muscle suit is why even expensive repros of Homelander's costume don't have the same effect. On the left, we see a $125 costume on Amazon. On the right, we see Homelander's actual costume, which has the full silhouette (shape and drape!)
As you can imagine, all of this material—the foam muscle suit, high-density printed gabardine, accessories, and such—can make the person underneath feel quite warm. So underneath all this is another skin-tight garment with a network of tubes running around the body.
Between takes, the actor can cool down by plugging themselves into a machine that runs cold water through these tubes. Anthony Starr, who plays Homelander on the show, has a little bag that he carries around that powers this machine.
Another aspect is how difficult it is to get in and out of these costumes when you need to use the bathroom. Homelander's suit is actually a two-piece suit with the line hidden behind a working belt, as well as a zipper under the crotch for when he needs to go.
Lastly, there's a lot of finishing that goes into these costumes. All of the shadows and distressing you see here were done by an artist, who paints directly on the pieces by hand. Laura Jean stressed to me that the painted shadows are necessary to make the muscles really pop.
What's remarkable is not just the amount of work that goes into each garment—the creative design, bespoke fit, custom printed material, handmade muscle suits, custom gauntlets, belts, and knee pads—but that they need *multiples* of each costume for battle scenes (stuff rips).
What you're seeing is the result of century-old bespoke tailoring traditions meshed with modern technologies and unbound creativity. All of this takes a team of highly skilled people (20 people in LA Specialty Costumes along with a network of manufacturing partners).
One of the seamstresses on this team works for Gucci and does alterations for Lady Gaga. Another person helps makes the costumes you see on Broadway shows. As ever, it's important to remember there are actual people—talented tailors, pattern makers, artists—behind these things.
As mentioned earlier, tomorrow is "Geeks and Nerds for Harris," a livestream bringing fandoms together for Harris (e.g., anime nerds, comic nerds, Trekkies). @RealLyndaCarter is hosting with guests like @GeorgeTakei, @SeanAstin, and @BillNye. The Boys cast also will be there.
Jacqueline Emerson of The Hunger Games will be hosting a workshop for how to get out the vote if you're an introvert (like me). Event starts at 5pm PT/ 8pm ET. Follow @GeeksForHarris for more info.
If you see costumes tomorrow, consider the work that went into making them.
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A lot of attention is paid to craft traditions in Western Europe and North America, such as handsewn Hermes leather goods and bespoke Savile Row suits. But the uneven focus leads some to believe that things made outside of these places are low quality.
This is not true. 🧵
When I was on a menswear forum, there was a guy whose style I greatly admired. Like others on the forum, Niyi Okuboyejo loved men's tailoring. He had a technical understanding of how a jacket should hang from the shoulders. He also knew how to put things together in a classic way
At the same time, he also knew how to do things in his own voice and style, but in a way that looked good and not haphazard. Sometimes this was about adding a funky tie; other times, it was playing with materials and silhouette. All of these are still suits and sport coats!
I think "fun socks" should be used judiciously, as a lot of what's worn today feels more childish than whimsical. IMO, most men should avoid them entirely.
But if you insist on wearing them, here are some suggestions on how to make them look less bad. 🧵
Any time this topic comes up, people invariably bring up George HW Bush, who was known to wear fun socks later in life. While I wasn't a fan of those socks, I agree that Bush was well-dressed. I also think when you reach a certain age, you have license to wear whatever you want
There are a few reasons why most outfits look bad with these sorts of socks. First, most men are not at that senior age where these socks become charming.
Second, most of these socks look like something you acquire by sending in a proof-of-purchase from a cereal box.
Most people think of black tie as the most formal kind of menswear, but technically speaking, it's semi-formal evening attire. Historically, men wore this kind of outfit to dinner or evening shows, such as going to the opera or ballet. Or celebrations such as NYE parties.
White tie is true formalwear. It differs from black tie primarily in how it requires a long tailcoat (black tie originated when men cut the tails off their coats to create a more casual garment for dinner). Also requires a white waistcoat, white tie, and wing collar.
If you're interested in bespoke tailoring and based in the United States, I have some trunk show announcements to share with you. Since Twitter recently changed their formatting options, I will be doing this as a thread. 🧵
Matthew Gonzalez
There's a long history of cross-border influence and immigration in tailoring, but as far as I know, Matthew Gonzalez is the first American to operate under his own banner on Savile Row. Born and raised in Southern California, he moved to London about twenty years ago to pursue a degree in bespoke tailoring from the London College of Fashion. Thereafter, he climbed the ranks — moving from undercutter at Thom Sweeney to cutter at Dunhill and eventually Huntsman, where he achieved his longtime goal of cutting on Savile Row.
Today, he runs his own firm, where he merges his California sensibility with his training in British bespoke craftsmanship. He recently told me he admires a photo of JFK staring out of a window. The President dressed in a dark worsted suit, white button-up shirt, and dark silk necktie, but everything about the photo looks very casual and relaxed. This, he told me, is what American style means to him.
Gonzalez cuts suits and sport coats inspired by that mid-century American tailoring, although he's adamant about not wanting the clothes to look like historical costumes. Thus, while the jackets have a soft, natural shoulder line, he sticks with front darts and prefers side vents (rather than the dartless front and hook vent characteristic of Ivy Style). The lapels have a moderate width and minimal belly (the curve sometimes distinguishing an older style of British tailoring). The garments are designed so they can be teamed with a dress shirt and tie, or something more casual such as a chambray button-up.
Given Gonzalez's penchant for slightly more relaxed, casual attire, it's no surprise that he also offers made-to-measure suede jackets, wool-cashmere shawl collar cardigans, and denim Western shirts (made without the contrast stitching, so they look more at home with tailoring). He's also one of the few bespoke tailors I've met who "gets it" when it comes to the polo coat, arguably the most iconic of American overcoat styles. Gonzalez tells me he thinks a polo coat should have letter box patch pockets, a half belt, gauntlet cuffs, an inverted back pleat, and a center button vent. But crucially, he also thinks the split-sleeves should be made with a lapped seam. To my eye, this makes the garment more casual and sporty—truer to its original roots—and allows the tailor to shape the sleevehead.
Consider Gonzalez if you share the same sensibilities: a love for classic American tailoring, but a suspicion of styles that are too anachronistic, and a bias towards clothes that feel more relaxed and casual. The point about Gonzalez using a split-sleeve with a lapped seam demonstrates that he takes care of details that may not occur to a client, but will be appreciated years down the road.
Taillour
In bespoke tailoring, there's a generally accepted rule that most clients would do well to observe: choose a company based on their house style and stay close to it. The term "house style" refers to the tailor's established methods, which combine to create clothes with a distinguishable fit and feel. Just as you wouldn't order burritos from a ramen chef, you shouldn't ask an English tailor for an Italian jacket (or vice versa).
Taillour is one of the few exceptions. Co-founder and head cutter Fred Nieddu has worked in the bespoke tailoring industry for decades, cutting for firms such as Thom Sweeney and even teaching pattern drafting courses at the London College of Fashion. A good percentage of his current workload involves making clothes for films and TV shows. In fact, you may have seen his creations. He made all the menswear for the Netflix series The Crown, the suits in the film The Phoenician Scheme, and one of the colorful costumes for Wonka. Given this experience, he's more flexible than most tailors regarding what he's willing and able to make.
Still, I think it's always a good idea to stay close to the house style. I think of Taillour's house style as very soft but architectural in its lines. Nieddu uses a full body canvas and only a bit of laptair near the wearer's collar bone to prevent the jacket from sinking. The shoulders are minimally padded, giving the garments a very light feel. While Neapolitan tailors are known for a similar construction, Taillour's jackets have a bit more room and shape. The shoulder line is very straight, and the chest is slightly full. When combined with those characteristically straight lapels and larger jacket collar, I find Taillour's jackets have an angular appearance reminiscent of Apparel Arts drawings.
Consider Nieddu if you want a tailor who's a bit more flexible in terms of what they're willing to make (although, again, I recommend tweaking at the margins, not bringing in a photo of something and asking for it to be copied). He has also made clothes for women, which will be useful if you're looking for someone who can make a women's suit, sport coat, or overcoat.
Summer is around the corner and soon you'll read a bunch of tweets about how every man should have a pair of loafers.
I don't think anyone needs anything, but if you're shopping for a pair, let me show you how to think about loafers. This applies to any wardrobe item. 🧵
When it comes to choosing loafers, a simple answer will go something like this: "Such-and-such brand makes the best pairs." Or "Here's a hierarchy of loafers." IMO, such approaches are reductive and often devolve into trend or status pursuits.
Let me show you another approach.
As always, it's helpful to start at the beginning.
There are a few origin stories for loafers, but most lead back to Norway. If menswear lore is to be believed, then the penny loafer comes from a simple slip-on shoe known as the teser, which was once worn by Norwegian peasants.
Someone asked if I could tell them where to buy a pair of good chinos. In this thread, I will tell you, but my answer is not simple. On the upside, I think this is a better approach when shopping for clothes and you can apply it to any kind of item. 🧵
A simple answer will go something like this: "Such-and-such makes the highest quality chinos." Or "this brand provides the best value." While potentially useful in some respects, I don't think this gives you the fullest picture.
Instead, let's start at the beginning.
During the 1898 Spanish-American War, US troops stationed in the Philippines wore sand-colored pants made from a heavy cotton twill woven in China. Since the Philippines had been under Spanish colonial rule at this time, the locals call these "pantalones chinos" (Chinese pants).