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Efthymios Kalafatis Profile picture
@lifeanalytics
Oct 1, 2024 • 8 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
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1/ A 🧵 on the latest (preprint) paper by @CGATist et. al. The paper mentions that "Significant female and male traits were indicative of chronic inflammation, insulin resistance and liver disease" : Tagging @JennieJacques1 medrxiv.org/content/10.110…
2/ Differentially expressed proteins were used as inputs to the software framework I have been using in order to identify promising research targets. Note that "Liver disease" has been identified as early as 2017 as a potential target using certain analytical methods.
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3/ Moreover, on a document I circulated among #MECFS researchers in 2017, issues with Glucose metabolism and Inflammatory processes have been also identified ("Liver disease" also mentioned) : Image
4/ We begin with differentially expressed proteins appearing on Figure 5. A ranking is generated according to the relevance of each medical topic. Below are the results. Note the relevance of "protein stability" and transferases among others : Image
5/ Next, the same ranking is generated for proteins appearing on figure 6c. Here are the rankings for males and females :
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6/ ..and from the same figure (6c) below is the relevance ranking of proteins that were found to be differentially expressed in both males and females. Note the high ranking of the liver and transferases. Image
7/ Transferases is one of the concepts that consistently received very high rankings. And there was evidence about this as early as 2017. From the same document mentioned in (3) : Image
8/ According to #ChatGPT, the following are factors that affect transferases functioning. Tagging @scott_scientist for environmental toxins. Note the mention on "Protein folding" which is directly related to ER Stress (found in #MECFS patients by Hwang ) et.al

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More from @lifeanalytics

Efthymios Kalafatis Profile picture
Dec 24, 2025
1/ A lot of patients have been asking me about the "Born Free" (BF) Protocol and given my research what do I think about it. Here are my thoughts : First things first : @joshual_tm - who I have spoken with- appeared to have a true drive....
2/ ..to solve the #MECFS puzzle. He has always been very friendly, calm and willing to answer questions. I am sure he has put a lot of effort in making this protocol. Now, is it possible for someone to become symptom free just with supplements or any such case should...
3/ ..be flagged as "snake oil" "? I may be biased here but this is what happened to me. It took me months but I am in remission due to supplements. Now, let's look at the BF protocol : I made several efforts to understand the basis of it but I found it extremely complex.
Read 12 tweets
Efthymios Kalafatis Profile picture
Dec 18, 2025
1/ Here are some slides from my upcoming video : Have we been missing key aspects for diagnosis and key mechanisms in #MECFS research ? Do certain metabolic bottlenecks NEED to be looked at more closely ? @OpenMedF @PlzSolveCFS @weandmecfs @MEAssociation. Let's begin :
2/ In the attached table (will link the source at the end) we read : Disorders of Nitrogen containing compounds. On the right, @OpenMedF currently looking at this (snapshot from MEPedia). Image
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3/ From the same file (left), we read Hemochromatosis and Wilson's disease.Attachments on center (from latest GWAS study) and a #LongCOVID study for Wilson's disease patients (right) : Image
Image
Read 9 tweets
Efthymios Kalafatis Profile picture
Dec 5, 2025
1/ This is a thread on the results from #LOCOME project (links at the end) which involved work by @precisionlifeAI. Excited to say once again that when different methods identify the same "hotspots", it raises our confidence about these findings. Let's see why :
2/ In the study by @precisionlifeAI a total of 259 genes were identified as core genes as shown below. Observe the associations discussed (Inflammation, Cellular stress response etc). The question is : What can we make out of this gene subset? cc @Michaeltikus Image
3/ Here is a snapshot of these genes with some of them being annotated. The annotated ones are ABCA1, CYP7B1, CH25H, ABCC6, UGGT1 Image
Read 11 tweets
Efthymios Kalafatis Profile picture
Nov 26, 2025
1/ This study on #LongCOVID is very important (link at the end), thanks to @Gmwetz for mentioning it ! From the study (left) , clear mention on N-Linked glycosylation. On the right, document specifically mentioning N-Glycans and N-Linked glycosylation I circulated in 2017. Image
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2/ We now should be looking forward to results of this study which checks glycosylation in #MECFS patients (cc @weandmecfs ) : wwtf.at/funding/progra…Image
3/ Why are these findings important ? Because they point to problematic N-Linked glycosylation. From the study : "Our findings of increased mannosylation on plasma EVs is suggestive of ongoing glycosylation pathway abnormalities that may play a role in Long
COVID pathology".
Read 10 tweets
Efthymios Kalafatis Profile picture
Sep 16, 2025
1/ Another coincidence given my recovery ? Below is a causal hypothesis and interventions using the best performing #AI model (Full info included at the end of this thread). The causal hypothesis is for an "unknown syndrome" (however, findings related to #MECFS were used) Image
2/ So what are the proposed interventions ? A part of the answer is shown here, observe the annotated ones and also that a specific order of interventions is used : Image
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3/ The reasoning engine explains why such order is important. Note that we begin by restoring the cell membrane (cc @tamararivc ). Steps 1 & 2 are shown above. ISR = "Integrated Stress Response" Image
Read 8 tweets
Efthymios Kalafatis Profile picture
Aug 13, 2025
1/ This is a thread on the use of 5 #AI reasoning engines in order to better understand #MECFS given the latest results by @DecodeMEstudy #GWAS study. I want to express a huge "Thank you" to @genspark_ai : Without your tools this would have not been possible!
2/ I wanted to simulate a committee of 5 "experts" hypothesising on what is behind #MECFS while presenting different layers of information. Then, each "expert" checked hypotheses of other "experts" and gave which one is best. Image
3/ The clear winner was the hypothesis by @OpenAI #ChatGPT5 Pro. *All* "experts" agreed that it is the most concise of all others. During the process, novelties on reasoning were also identified. For example, relevance of Ubiquitin Proteasome System was picked only from #Deepseek
Read 6 tweets

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