Crémieux Profile picture
Oct 22, 2024 • 15 tweets • 5 min read • Read on X
I suspect "The Sort" can greatly increase your exposure to time-wasting incompetenceđź§µ Image
The obvious example of how The Sort exposes you to incompetence is that nowadays, competent people don't go into the public sector all that often.

This is a mixed bag: while the government is a poor use of human capital, it needs some to avoid holding back the rest of society.Image
There are also a lot of fairly menial service sector jobs that you'll run into all the time, and these are less obviously, but no less problematized by The Sort. Image
Why? Because in the past, socioeconomic status was less cognitively stratified.

You can still see this today in many developing economies, where intelligence is slowly becoming more related to socioeconomic status as markets develop and opportunity expands. Image
The improvements to The Sort mean that fewer and fewer smart people are born into and remain in bad conditions.

But that also means that fewer and fewer smart people spend a long time in menial service sector jobs. Image
Accordingly, the quality of the work in those jobs is worse than if the job had more intelligent people working it.

Why? The first reason is that smarter people just do jobs better: They make fewer mistakes, operate more efficiently, often even have higher moral standards, etc. Image
The second reason is that, because smart people do jobs better, they teach less smart people how to do the job better, either directly or by example.

When you have more and less intelligent people play games, combining them brings up the less able.

In effect, many jobs are becoming more and more of left tail-exclusive jobs, with the effect being that they're done worse and worse, making your life harder and wasting more of your time when you run into them.

But it doesn't have to be this way!
Ever been to a Buc-ee's?

They're Texas' amazing gas station/car wash combo stores, and they're known

(A) Being pleasant, and

(B) Very publicly paying their employees well. Image
If you've been to a Buc-ee's you might have noticed that they offer discounted gas if you wash your car.

Their car washes are very long and the wait times are minimal compared to other offerings.

They have minimal human involvement.Image
Because Buc-ee's embraces productivity-improving tools and builds, and pushes their employees to be efficient, they can afford to pay them well and to pass on lots of savings to customers, and they also pass on saved time over other car washes.
Productivity enhancements that eliminate the involvement of human labor have the opportunity to cut out increasingly-inefficient human components of jobs.

If the carwash is nearly fully automated, the wages can be respectable and slow' human involvement can be minimized.
And where will the people currently working those jobs go?

Take manufacturing employment. When industrial robots are installed, employment goes down in that area, but up more in non-manufacturing jobs.

The disemployed move jobs. Source: https://library.oapen.org/handle/20.500.12657/55791
Wages tend to go up. They tend to move to better jobs, or at least jobs that are less dangerous, less monotonous, and which are better compensated.

And crucially, that left tail? It might move closer to the rest of the cognitive pack, meaning its members can skill up.
Automation might be even more of an engine of progress and life improvement than people generally assume, and it might make all of our lives better off by fixing some of the downsides of The Sort.

Thanks, robots! Image

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More from @cremieuxrecueil

Dec 22
The Australian pension system is funded through mandatory contributions into private retirement accounts

During the COVID pandemic, the government allowed people to pull up to $20,000 from those accounts decades early

What happened?

Firstly, uneducated people pulled the most: Image
Australia did this because they needed fiscal stimulus.

If they didn't allow people to make early withdrawals from their accounts—which normally remain inaccessible until retirement age—, they would have ended up in a very bad position.

But people did withdraw. Image
About a quarter of those aged >34 withdrew.

The most common amount to take out was $10,000 each time the possibility became available.

All said and done, that typically meant pulling down 51% of the total balance. That also meant foregoing $120,000 on average by retirement! Image
Read 10 tweets
Dec 21
The biggest argument against using GLP-1s for weight loss is that they cause excess muscle loss.

But as it turns out... GLP-1s do not cause any more muscle loss than traditional weight loss methods!

Let's discussđź§µImage
The differences in weight loss in that chart showing data from different trials are not

1. Clinically significant—they're not large enough to matter physiologically

2. Statistically significant—each weight loss method is not distinguishable in current data

But that's lean mass
Lean mass includes water.

Unfortunately, if we use DXA scans to understand body composition, we include that with muscle.

But if we use MRIs, we can separate water and muscle! As it turns out, the UK Biobank has just the required data. Image
Read 13 tweets
Dec 7
Why do identical twins have such similar personalities?

Is it because they're reared together? Is it because people treat them alike due to their visual similarity?

Nope! Neither theory holds water. Image
Despite looking as similar as identical twins and being reared apart, look-alikes are not similar like identical twins are. In fact, they're no more similar than unrelated people.

This makes sense: they're only minimally more genetically similar than regular unrelated people.
The other thing is that twins reared apart and together have similarly similar personalities.

In fact, there might be a negative environmental effect going on, where twins reared together try to distinguish their personalities more!
Read 7 tweets
Dec 2
Society is cognitively stratified:

Smart people tend to earn higher educations and higher incomes, and to work in more prestigious occupations.

This holds for people from excellent family backgrounds (Utopian Sample) and comparing siblings from the same families! Image
This is true, meaningful, and the causal relationship runs strongly from IQ to SES, with little independent influence of SES. Just look at how similar the overall result and the within-family results are!

But also look at fertility in this table: quite the reverse! Image
Source: sciencedirect.com/science/articl…

And to learn more about this general phenomenon, see: cremieux.xyz/p/intelligence… (I've added this citation to this article!)
Read 5 tweets
Nov 25
After this article came out, several people responded, alleging that a cultural model made more sense.

Clark has a point-by-point responseđź§µ

Let's start with the first thing: parent-child and sibling correlations in status measures are identical—hard to explain culturally! Image
The reason this is hard to explain has to do with the fact that kids objectively have more similar environments to one another than to their parents.

In fact, for a cultural theory to recapitulate regression to the mean across generations, these things would need to differ! Image
Another fact that speaks against a cultural explanation is that the length of contact between fathers and sons doesn't matter for how correlated they are in status.

We can see this by leveraging the ages parents die at relative to said sons. Image
Read 10 tweets
Nov 24
The idea:

The internet gives everyone access to unlimited information, learning tools, and the new digital economy, so One Laptop Per Child should have major benefits.

The reality:

Another study just failed to find effects on academic performance. Image
This is one of those findings that's so much more damning than it at first appears.

The reason being, laptop access genuinely provides people with more information than was available to any kid at any previous generation in history.

If access was the issue, this resolves it. Image
And yet, nothing happens

This implementation of the program was more limited than other ones that we've already seen evaluations for though. The laptops were not Windows-based and didn't have internet, so no games, but non-infinite info too

Still huge access improvement though
Read 4 tweets

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