Emmanuel Profile picture
Oct 25 12 tweets 3 min read Read on X
WHAT COULD HAPPEN with COVID-19?
(opinion)

It is both rare and commendable that someone like Arijit @arijitchakrav invests time in discussing the future risks associated with COVID-19 and SARS-CoV-2. In his recent thread, he presents two fascinating scenarios. Image
2) However, we believe that there could be a third scenario.
To explain this hypothesis we would like to take the example of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), which affect over 520 million people worldwide and are the leading cause of death, responsible for 32% of all fatalities..
3) ...and over 18 million deaths annually.
In the US, medical costs related to CVD surpass $200 billion each year, covering hospital stays, outpatient services, medications.
Furthermore, the economic burden from lost productivity is estimated at around $100 billion annually.
4) We are well aware of the straightforward measures to prevent CVD: maintaining a balanced diet, exercising regularly, managing a healthy weight, quitting smoking, limiting alcohol consumption, controlling stress, getting regular screenings, and ensuring sufficient sleep.
5) However, U.S. spending to promote these preventive measures is estimated to be between $1 billion and $2 billion annually, which constitutes only about 0.5% of the overall costs associated with cardiovascular diseases.
6) The reality is that as long as hospitals aren’t overwhelmed with patients and individuals aren’t dying in the corridors, there is a prevailing INDIFFERENCE towards public health.
Prior to the pandemic, global health spending revealed stagnant expenditures ... Image
7) ...across various countries and regions, even as an aging population drives an increasing demand for healthcare services.

The third scenario regarding COVID-19 is the INACTION and INDIFFERENCE we currently observe.
8) This mindset merges a “let it rip” approach to the pandemic with a similar attitude towards the escalating health costs linked to rising infection rates.

Our perspectives sometimes diverge from Arijit’s on this matter, despite our respect for his analysis.
9) A disease can be assessed in terms of "degrees of susceptibility."
Research has categorized individuals affected by long COVID into 3 groups: those who are severely impacted, particularly as reinfections rise; those who experience "mild" symptoms ...
10) ... and often recover over time; and those who are either unaffected or only slightly affected due to protective measures. While these groups evolve over time, as long as the costs incurred by the most affected remain manageable, we are likely to continue down this path. Image
11) Unless there is a significant shift in viral evolution, we are heading toward this third scenario of INACTION and INDIFFERENCE. This observation is not rooted in pessimism or defeatism; Image
12) rather, it reflects an objective assessment of how the world has historically responded to the increasing spread of viruses and the risks they pose to humanity.

Thanks for reading 🙏
FYI @DavidJoffe64 @jlerollblues @outbreakupdates Image

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More from @ejustin46

Oct 26
Additional GLYCANS on the SPIKE protein's N-TERMINAL domain in KP.3.1.1 and XEC enhance the IMMUNE EVASION capabilities of these SARS-CoV-2 variants

Great study of @yunlong_cao
and colleagues
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…Image
The SARS-CoV-2 variants KP.3.1.1 and XEC have mutations that add new sugar molecules (glycans) to the Spike protein's N-terminal domain (NTD). This N-glycosylation seems to help these variants better evade antibodies, even those produced against previous variants.
3) The glycans may alter the shape and function of the Spike protein in a way that reduces the effectiveness of antibodies targeting the Spike's receptor-binding domain.
Read 4 tweets
Oct 26
RELATIONSHIP between HORMONES , TMPRSS2 protease, and COVID-19 DISEASE SEVERITY and MORTALITY

bsd.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11…Image
2) This study found that male COVID-19 patients had higher levels of the TMPRSS2 protein and the hormone testosterone compared to females. Patients with severe COVID-19 had higher TMPRSS2, aromatase (an enzyme that converts testosterone to estrogen), and lower testosterone levels Image
3) Patients who died from COVID-19 had even higher TMPRSS2 and aromatase levels. These hormonal factors were better at predicting COVID-19 severity and mortality compared to just looking at clinical risk factors. Image
Read 4 tweets
Oct 26
TIME BOMB : 💣 How SARS-CoV-2 CHANGED as it SPREAD through TIGERS, LIONS, and HYENAS at the Denver Zoo ?

The researchers found that a RARE DELTA VARIANT called AY.20 was likely introduced from humans and then passed between the different animal species.
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…Image
2) As the virus moved from tigers to lions to hyenas, it quickly evolved and diversified within each animal. The virus showed signs of adapting to the different animal hosts, including mutations in the nucleocapsid gene that were shared by lions and hyenas. Image
3) While no major new variants emerged, the rapid adaptation of the virus in these animals is concerning. SARS-CoV-2 has already spilled back from animals like white-tailed deer and cats to infect humans. Image
Read 4 tweets
Oct 25
How to MAINTAIN GOOD AIR QUALITY in HOSPITALS, especially during OUTBREAKS of highly contagious diseases like COVID-19 ?

A very interesting review with many illustrations 💯👍
cell.com/heliyon/fullte…Image
2) The review explains several ways to improve air cleaning and ventilation in hospitals:

1. Figure 6 shows how negative pressure isolation wards can help control the spread of infectious particles. These wards have high air exchange rates and air filtration. Image
3) Figure 7 shows how advanced air filters, like HEPA and ULPA filters, and air ionizers can effectively remove germs, chemicals, and particles from the air. Image
Read 7 tweets
Oct 25
WHY do HOSPITALS BECOME DANGEROUS places WHERE YOU or YOUR CHILDREN can be INFECTED by SARS-CoV-2? 🤦‍♂️

cambridge.org/core/journals/…Image
2) The study found that healthcare-associated COVID-19 infections in Canadian children significantly increased during the Omicron period, nearly doubling compared to earlier waves. Image
3) The rise in nosocomial COVID-19 cases highlights the critical importance of robust infection prevention and control measures in hospitals and other healthcare facilities. Protecting vulnerable pediatric patients from acquiring COVID-19 during their medical care ... Image
Read 4 tweets
Oct 25
HORROR in its PUREST FORM 🥵
CHILDREN born of COVID-19-POSITIVE PREGNANCIES SUFFER SERIOUS GROWTH and developmental DELAYS, and gastrointestinal health issues might be more common
mdpi.com/2036-7503/16/4…Image
2) The study looked at children who were born with digestive system problems and needed surgery. It compared children whose mothers had COVID-19 during pregnancy (Group 1) to those whose mothers did not have COVID-19 (Group 2).
3) The main differences found were:

- The children in Group 1 (whose mothers had COVID-19) grew slower and gained less weight compared to Group 2.
- Most of the children in Group 1 needed to take antibiotics, while only a few in Group 2 did. Image
Read 5 tweets

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