Mike Hoerger, PhD MSCR MBA Profile picture
Dec 16, 2024 8 tweets 10 min read Read on X
PMC COVID-19 Dashboard, Dec 16, 2024
🧵1 of 8

🔹1 in 64 (1.6%) actively infectious in the U.S.
🔹750,000 new daily infections and rising
🔹Highest % increase in transmission in nearly 3 years
🔹10th wave is the "silent surge," coming on late out of nowhere

The video will walk you through each of the graphs on the dashboard and covered in this thread.

Info for new readers:

For those unfamiliar with the PMC model, find full weekly reports for the past 14+ months at pmc19.com/data

The models combine data from IHME, Biobot, and CDC to use wastewater to estimate case levels (r = .93 to .96) and forecast levels the next month based on typical levels for that date and recent patterns of changes in transmission the past 4 weeks.

Our work has been cited in top scientific journals and media outlets, which are fully sourced in a detailed technical appendix at pmc19.com/data/PMC_COVID…

Examples include JAMA Onc, JAMA-NO, BMC Public Health, Time, People, TODAY, the Washington Post, the Institute for New Economic Thinking, Salon, Forbes, the New Republic, Fox, CBS, and NBC. See pgs 11-13 at the above link.

We will have a pre-print out in the next month documenting very compelling evidence for the validity of using wastewater to estimate case rates. Forecasting is challenging in the context of the current viral evolution, but the real-time estimates of cases are impressively accurate to the best we can evaluate it.
PMC COVID-19 Dashboard, Dec 16, 2024
🧵2 of 8

🔹10th wave taking off (U.S.)
🔹5 million infections expected this week
🔹>250,000 post-infection conditions (#LongCovid) expected to develop from this week's infections
🔹Higher transmission than 73% of the pandemic

Info for new readers (as noted in Tweet 1):

For those unfamiliar with the PMC model, find full weekly reports for the past 14+ months at pmc19.com/data

The models combine data from IHME, Biobot, and CDC to use wastewater to estimate case levels (r = .93 to .96) and forecast levels the next month based on typical levels for that date and recent patterns of changes in transmission the past 4 weeks.

Our work has been cited in top scientific journals and media outlets, which are fully sourced in a detailed technical appendix at pmc19.com/data/PMC_COVID…

Examples include JAMA Onc, JAMA-NO, BMC Public Health, Time, People, TODAY, the Washington Post, the Institute for New Economic Thinking, Salon, Forbes, the New Republic, Fox, CBS, and NBC. See pgs 11-13 at the above link.

We will have a pre-print out in the next month documenting very compelling evidence for the validity of using wastewater to estimate case rates. Forecasting is challenging in the context of the current viral evolution, but the real-time estimates of cases are impressively accurate to the best we can evaluate it.Current Levels for Dec 16, 2024 % of the Population Infectious 1.6% (1 in 64) New Daily Infections 748,000  New Weekly Infections 5,236,000  Resulting Weekly Long COVID Cases 262,000 to 1,047,000  Monthly Forecast Average % of the Population Infectious 2.5% (1 in 41) Average New Daily Infections 1,178,167 New Infections During the Next Month 35,345,000 Resulting Monthly Long COVID Cases 1,767,000 to 7,069,000  Running Totals Infections Nationwide in 2024 242,424,000 Average Number of Infections Per Person All-Time, U.S. 3.50  There is more COVID-19 transmission today than during 73.3% of th...
PMC COVID-19 Dashboard, Dec 16, 2024
🧵3 of 8

Areas of the U.S. depicted in darker red have higher transmission, as of 9 days ago. The map uses CDC data and is simply the CDC "cool blue" map recolored in more traditional red, which is best practices.

The line graph shows transmission increasing by region.

CDC map:
cdc.gov/nwss/rv/COVID1…

CDC regional graph:
cdc.gov/nwss/rv/COVID1…

Info for new readers (as noted in Tweet 1):

For those unfamiliar with the PMC model, find full weekly reports for the past 14+ months at pmc19.com/data

The models combine data from IHME, Biobot, and CDC to use wastewater to estimate case levels (r = .93 to .96) and forecast levels the next month based on typical levels for that date and recent patterns of changes in transmission the past 4 weeks.

Our work has been cited in top scientific journals and media outlets, which are fully sourced in a detailed technical appendix at pmc19.com/data/PMC_COVID…

Examples include JAMA Onc, JAMA-NO, BMC Public Health, Time, People, TODAY, the Washington Post, the Institute for New Economic Thinking, Salon, Forbes, the New Republic, Fox, CBS, and NBC. See pgs 11-13 at the above link.

We will have a pre-print out in the next month documenting very compelling evidence for the validity of using wastewater to estimate case rates. Forecasting is challenging in the context of the current viral evolution, but the real-time estimates of cases are impressively accurate to the best we can evaluate it.Map shows highest transmission in Arizona, New Mexico, Minnesota, and Massachusetts.  Estimated Percentage Actively Infectious  	PMC Model		Raw CDC Data (9 days old) National	1.6% (1 in 64)		0.9% (1 in 113) Northeast	0.8% (1 in 132)		0.4% (1 in 234) Midwest	2.4% (1 in 41)		1.4% (1 in 73) South	1.3% (1 in 74)		0.8% (1 in 132) West	1.5% (1 in 66)		0.9% (1 in 118)
PMC COVID-19 Dashboard, Dec 16, 2024
🧵4 of 8

The year-over-year graph shows how atypical the present winter wave is, especially with the extended late lull, which creates uncertainty.

The forecast anticipates 1.3 million daily infections as we enter 2025. This is an increase relative to last week's forecast, largely because of the sudden steep increase in transmission, the highest % increase in nearly 3 years.

The best-case scenario would be closer to 800,000 daily. There could be retroactive downward corrections to the most recent data. Biobot (20% of model weight) is not reporting, and they could bring in lower numbers. Transmission could also level off atypically.

The worst-case scenario would be closer to 1.8 million daily infections. This could occur if the late-lull combines with risky population behavior for December (travel, large gatherings, more indoor time) to play "catch up." LP.8.1. could also play a factor.

Info for new readers (as noted in Tweet 1):

For those unfamiliar with the PMC model, find full weekly reports for the past 14+ months at pmc19.com/data

The models combine data from IHME, Biobot, and CDC to use wastewater to estimate case levels (r = .93 to .96) and forecast levels the next month based on typical levels for that date and recent patterns of changes in transmission the past 4 weeks.

Our work has been cited in top scientific journals and media outlets, which are fully sourced in a detailed technical appendix at pmc19.com/data/PMC_COVID…

Examples include JAMA Onc, JAMA-NO, BMC Public Health, Time, People, TODAY, the Washington Post, the Institute for New Economic Thinking, Salon, Forbes, the New Republic, Fox, CBS, and NBC. See pgs 11-13 at the above link.

We will have a pre-print out in the next month documenting very compelling evidence for the validity of using wastewater to estimate case rates. Forecasting is challenging in the context of the current viral evolution, but the real-time estimates of cases are impressively accurate to the best we can evaluate it.Graph 1: year-over-year transmission  Graph 2: most recent 12 months + 1-month forecast  Descriptions of key points provided in Tweet
PMC COVID-19 Dashboard, Dec 16, 2024
🧵5 of 8

I offered a sneak peek earlier. Here's what to expect on Christmas Day if the model holds. We will update as data come in. Vaccinations, masking, air purifiers, & serial pooled rapid testing reduce risk.

PMC COVID-19 Dashboard, Dec 16, 2024
🧵6 of 8

Covid transmission is projected to be very high around New Year's Eve.

At a party of 25 without testing or isolation, it's a coin toss of getting a Covid exposure.

Flight? All but guaranteed.

✅Vax
✅Mask
✅Air purifiers
✅Test
✅Reduce contacts.

Info for new readers (as noted in Tweet 1):

For those unfamiliar with the PMC model, find full weekly reports for the past 14+ months at pmc19.com/data

The models combine data from IHME, Biobot, and CDC to use wastewater to estimate case levels (r = .93 to .96) and forecast levels the next month based on typical levels for that date and recent patterns of changes in transmission the past 4 weeks.

Our work has been cited in top scientific journals and media outlets, which are fully sourced in a detailed technical appendix at pmc19.com/data/PMC_COVID…

Examples include JAMA Onc, JAMA-NO, BMC Public Health, Time, People, TODAY, the Washington Post, the Institute for New Economic Thinking, Salon, Forbes, the New Republic, Fox, CBS, and NBC. See pgs 11-13 at the above link.

We will have a pre-print out in the next month documenting very compelling evidence for the validity of using wastewater to estimate case rates. Forecasting is challenging in the context of the current viral evolution, but the real-time estimates of cases are impressively accurate to the best we can evaluate it.PMC New Year's Eve Forecast - December 31, 2024 How Does Risk Increase with More Social Contacts? Number of People  |  Chances Anyone Is Infectious 1	2.6% 2	5.1% 3	7.6% 4	9.9% 5	12.3% 6	14.5% 7	16.8% 8	18.9% 9	21.0% 10	23.0% 15	32.5% 20	40.8% 25	48.1% 30	54.4% 35	60.0% 40	64.9% 50	73.0% 75	86.0% 100	92.7% 300	99.9%
PMC COVID-19 Dashboard, Dec 16, 2024
🧵7 of 8

If you have used our Covid dashboard on the website or social media in the past year, please complete our quick survey.
tulane.co1.qualtrics.com/jfe/form/SV_0o…

Results will support a fast-track grant resubmission by showing that this information informs decision making. The grant is specifically intended to fund Covid mitigation supplies (educational booklets, masks, DIY fit-testing kits, air purifiers, Covid tests) to people with cancer who are at very high risk of severe outcomes from Covid infections. It's the COVI-CAN 3 study.

In talking with other Covid-aware advocacy groups, we believe the survey will also provide great preliminary data for other project proposals, so please reach out if we can be of help to your cause. 🙏Flyer for the survey.
PMC COVID-19 Dashboard, Dec 16, 2024
🧵8 of 8

Please share the web dashboard, video, images, and summaries across all social media platforms. 🙏

With the wave coming on strong out of nowhere, we need to get the word out quickly. #SilentSurge

pmc19.com/dataEntire dashboard, summarized in each of the preceding Tweets.

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More from @michael_hoerger

Sep 16
PMC COVlD Report, Sep 15, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵1/7

COVlD-19 levels are "Very High" or "High" in the majority of states, per the CDC.

This includes 27 states & D.C.

🔥🔥Very High:
Alaska, Hawai'i, California, Nevada, Idaho, Utah, S. Dakota, Nebraska, Texas, Louisiana, Indiana, Kentucky, Tennessee, Florida, S. Carolina, N. Carolina, D.C., Maryland, and Connecticut.

🔥High:
Washington state, Oregon, Montana, probably N. Dakota (imputed), Arkansas, Alabama, Virginia, Delaware, Rhode Island, and Massachusetts.

PMC estimates 1 in 38 people (2.7%) are actively infectious. Wastewater-derived case estimates suggest 1.3 million new daily infections.Heat map using CDC levels. Key findings summarized in the post.
PMC COVlD Report, Sep 15, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵2/7

Transmission is peaking nationally, but regional variation is common. Know what's happening in your state, and get the word out.

Note that the levels CDC calls "low" are still quite alarming.State | CDC Level | PMC Estimate, % Actively Infectious Alabama	High	1 in 30 (3.4%) Alaska	Very High	1 in 22 (4.6%) Arizona	Moderate	1 in 40 (2.5%) Arkansas	High	1 in 28 (3.6%) California	Very High	1 in 21 (4.8%) Colorado	Moderate	1 in 50 (2.0%) Connecticut	Very High	1 in 19 (5.3%) Delaware	High	1 in 33 (3.0%) District of Columbia	Very High	1 in 17 (6.0%) Florida	Very High	1 in 24 (4.2%) Georgia	Moderate	1 in 46 (2.2%) Guam	Low	1 in 64 (1.6%) Hawaii	Very High	1 in 26 (3.8%) Idaho	Very High	1 in 14 (7.3%) Illinois	Moderate	1 in 44 (2.3%) Indiana	Very High	1 in 16 (6.1%) Iowa	Moderate	1 in 40...
PMC COVlD Report, Sep 15, 2025 (U.S.)
🧵3/7

Note that transmission is increasingly spreading from the South & West toward other areas. Know your state-level risk.

Transmission remains alarming even in areas CDC labels "Very Low" (e.g., Missouri, estimated 1 in 109). State | CDC Level | PMC Estimate, % Actively Infectious Missouri	Very Low	1 in 109 (0.9%) Montana	High	1 in 36 (2.8%) Nebraska	Very High	1 in 18 (5.5%) Nevada	Very High	1 in 17 (5.9%) New Hampshire	Low	1 in 64 (1.6%) New Jersey	Moderate	1 in 56 (1.8%) New Mexico	Very Low	1 in 106 (0.9%) New York	Low	1 in 73 (1.4%) North Carolina	Very High	1 in 17 (5.8%) North Dakota	High*	1 in 32 (3.2%) Ohio	Moderate	1 in 47 (2.1%) Oklahoma	Moderate*	1 in 44 (2.3%) Oregon	High	1 in 31 (3.2%) Pennsylvania	Moderate	1 in 44 (2.3%) Rhode Island	High	1 in 30 (3.3%) South Carolina	Very High	1 in 15 (6.6%) South D...
Read 7 tweets
Sep 13
California COVlD Surge Rages Higher

🔸CDC SARS-CoV-2 wastewater levels "Very High," and up from last week
🔸1 in 21 estimated actively infectious
🔸>250,000 estimated new daily infections statewide

Four figures...
1/4🧵 CDC: Very High: PMC Estimate: 1 in 21 actively infectious
CDC wastewater data in California show COVlD cases increasing from the already "Very High" levels last week.

2/4🧵 Line graph of the past 6 months showing the surge in wastewater viral levels
With an estimated 1 in 21 (or 4.8%) of California residents actively infectious of COVlD, risk increases dramatically in larger and more frequent social gatherings.

Interact with 25 people of average risk of being positive, and that's a >70% chance of exposure.
3/4🧵 How Does Risk Increase with More Social Contacts? Number of People | Chances Anyone is Infectious 1	4.8% 2	9.4% 3	13.7% 4	17.9% 5	21.8% 6	25.6% 7	29.1% 8	32.5% 9	35.8% 10	38.9% 15	52.2% 20	62.6% 25	70.8% 30	77.1% 35	82.1% 40	86.0% 50	91.5% 75	97.5% 100	99.3% 300	99.9%
Read 4 tweets
Sep 10
Let's say you're a dairy farmer. You have 100 cows. Each year, about 5 cows die, and another 5 cows are born. Then, along comes a virus. Let's call it "cowvid"...
1/
Let's say "cowvid" wipes out about half the cows over the course of a couple years. Now, you're down to 50 cows....
2/
The local mayor declares "cowvid" to be over. This surprises you as a farmer because 5 of your cows keep dying annually. 5 of 50 instead of 5 out of 100. Seems like more, but you're not a city slicker...
3/
Read 12 tweets
Sep 7
#DuringCOVID is today.

Image pack 1 of 9 🧵 Graph of the 11 waves of the pandemic in the U.S., tailored to a key message noted in the post.
1 million New Daily Infections.

Today!

Image pack 2 of 9 🧵 Graph of the 11 waves of the pandemic in the U.S., tailored to a key message noted in the post.
Where are the free vaccines, N95s, and tests?

Image pack 3 of 9 🧵 Graph of the 11 waves of the pandemic in the U.S., tailored to a key message noted in the post.
Read 9 tweets
Sep 3
PMC Dashboard Update (U.S.) 🧵1 of 8

The 11th wave is still rising.
🔥23 states/territories High/Very High
🔥Very High: Alabama, DC, Guam, Hawai'i, Louisiana, Nebraska, Nevada, South Carolina, Texas, Utah
🔥1 in 56 estimated actively infectious
🔥876,000 new daily infections CDC heat map, very high states noted in post. PMC estimate of 1 in 56 actively infectious nationwide
PMC Dashboard Update (U.S.) 🧵2 of 8

Note that the CDC has modified 📉 how transmission levels correspond to the categorical bins.

Take California. We estimate 1 in 30 actively infectious statewide. This would have previously been "Very High," now just "High."
#NewNormal CDC heatmap, with PMC estimate of 1 in 30
PMC Dashboard Update (U.S.) 🧵3 of 8

Here are the prevalence estimates for the first half of states/territories.

Notice how high the levels are in some of the "Moderate" states. State	CDC Level Alabama	Very High Alaska	High Arizona	High Arkansas	Moderate California	High Colorado	Moderate Connecticut	High Delaware	High District of Columbia	Very High Florida	High Georgia	Moderate Guam	Very High Hawaii	Very High Idaho	High Illinois	Very Low Indiana	Moderate* Iowa	Low Kansas	Low Kentucky	High Louisiana	Very High Maine	Low Maryland	Moderate Massachusetts	Moderate Michigan	Very Low Minnesota	Moderate Mississippi	High*
Read 9 tweets
Aug 21
During times like these when COVlD transmission heats up in the U.S., expect to see a lot more angry outbursts for three central reasons.

First, "displacement," or people trying to deny the reality of their anxiety by taking it out on other people....
Second, a lot of people can sustain a strong denial of reality about the ongoing pandemic during lulls. They suppress the existence of COVlD waves and excess deaths, disability, and retirements.

During waves, those defenses burst. Loss of control = anger...
Third, a lot of people (many reading this) understand COVlD correctly & experience righteous indignation during COVlD waves. We quite reasonably do not like all of the unjust and gratuitous suffering.

I find it helpful to channel that intensity into helping other people....
Read 6 tweets

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