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Emmanuel Profile picture
@ejustin46
Jan 1 • 8 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
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BREAKING NEWS 2025 💣💯

SARS-CoV-2 variants are not simply competing with each other, but are in fact WORKING TOGETHER in a COOPERATIVE MANNER !!! 🤔
pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10…Image
2) This study looked at how different versions of the COVID-19 virus, called variants, have evolved over time. The researchers found that these variants are not just competing with each other, but are actually working together. Image
3) As new variants emerge, they take in and use the genetic changes (mutations) from previous variants, rather than completely replacing them. This suggests the variants are building on each other's changes, not just trying to beat each other. Image
4) The study also showed that the combination of mutations in each variant helps balance out the extreme effects that individual mutations can have. This indicates the variants are working together to maintain a healthy balance, not just one variant dominating. Image
5) Another key finding was that the variants adapt to different seasons and locations in a coordinated way. The genetic signatures (haplotypes) of the variants became disconnected across regions due to seasonal changes. Image
6) This implies the variants are adjusting to environmental conditions together, not competing for a single environment.

Overall, the researchers conclude the variants exhibit "cooperative evolution." The accumulation of mutations creates a complex but balanced landscape ... Image
7) ...suggesting the variants are evolving together as a connected population, not just outcompeting each other.

In summary, the COVID-19 virus variants are not simply competing. They are working together by building on each other's changes, balancing extreme effects, and ... Image
8) ... adapting to different environments in a coordinated way. This cooperative evolution allows the virus to rapidly diversify and adapt as a united population.

Thanks for reading 🙏 and happy safe year 2025 😷 Image
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More from @ejustin46

Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 29
Why is Identifying "Non-Trivial SARS-CoV-2 Population Structure within Hosts" Important for Understanding SARS-COV-2 Evolution and the Emergence of New Variants?

journals.plos.org/plospathogens/…Image
2) The "non-trivial population structure" refers to the viral population within a host consisting of two or more distinct, independently evolving subpopulations, rather than a single, homogeneous population. Image
3) The key points about non-trivial population structure are:
▶️ It was relatively common, found in 5 out of the 9 chronic SARS-CoV-2 infection cases examined.
▶️ It was more prevalent in severely immunocompromised individuals compared to those not significantly immunocompromised Image
Read 7 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 26
No, Omicron is not the "humanized" SARS-COV-2 !

(Explanation in simple terms)
biorxiv.org/content/10.110…Image
2) Viruses are not living things. They are tiny particles that can only make copies of themselves inside the cells of living things, like humans. When a virus makes copies of itself, it doesn't always make perfect copies.
3) Sometimes, little mistakes happen, and the new virus has a small change, or mutation, in its genes.

Most of the time, these mutations don't do anything useful for the virus. But every now and then, a mutation might happen that makes the virus better at infecting people. Image
Read 7 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 26
"What if humans had sent SARS-COV-2 into space, or even brought COVID-19 along for astronauts?"

biorxiv.org/content/10.110…Image
2) This study looks at the risks of COVID-19 for people traveling to space.

Space travel is becoming more common, with over 600 people having gone to space. But COVID-19 could be a big problem for astronauts in the unique environment of space. Image
3) The study aims to understand how COVID-19 might behave differently in space compared to on Earth.

The researchers reviewed studies on other airborne diseases in space. They found that some diseases, like Epstein-Barr virus and Serratia bacteria ... Image
Read 6 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 24
From Lung Damage to Gut Dysbiosis:
The Lasting Implications of SARS-CoV-2 Variant-Specific Microbiome Changes (From Wuhan strain to Omicron)
labanimres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.11…Image
2) The Wuhan strain of SARS-CoV-2 caused serious damage to the lungs of infected mice. The mice had a very high chance of dying from this strain. The researchers also looked at the bacteria in the lungs and guts of the infected mice. Image
3) The Wuhan strain increased harmful bacteria like E. coli in the lungs. This can make the lungs more prone to other infections.

The Omicron variant caused different changes in the gut bacteria of the mice. It increased certain bacteria linked to inflammation in the gut. Image
Read 5 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 23
What are GAMMA CORONAVIRUSES ?
And why did we decide to talk about it? Image
Image
2) A brief reminder :

▶️ SARS-CoV-2 belongs to the family Coronaviridae, is classified as a coronavirus and is responsible for COVID-19
▶️ Bird Flu refers to various strains of the influenza virus, particularly those in the Orthomyxoviridae family including H5N1 and H7N9. Image
3) ▶️ Gammacoronavirus belongs to the family Coronaviridae like SARS-COV-2.

Some notable gammacoronaviruses include:
- Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV): A major pathogen in poultry responsible for respiratory disease and reduced egg production. Image
Read 10 tweets
Emmanuel Profile picture
Apr 21
A TREATMENT that Could Finally END Long COVID Suffering ?

This isn't the first time a treatment has been announced, and as millions continue to struggle with long Covid, we need to remain both cautious and hopeful 🤗 Image
2) Researchers at WEHI announced that they discovered a new drug that can stop long COVID symptoms in mice. This drug is more effective than the current top treatment, Paxlovid, for both long COVID and acute COVID cases. Image
3) They focused on a specific protein called PLpro that other treatments haven't targeted well. This breakthrough could lead to new medicines for long COVID, a condition where people continue to feel sick long after their COVID-19 infection. Image
Read 4 tweets

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