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David Sinclair Profile picture
@davidasinclair
Jan 15 • 12 tweets • 4 min read • Read on X
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The largest and longest clinical trial comparing the effects of lifestyle changes vs. medicines on glucose control, inflammation, blood pressure & cholesterol over 24 weeks. The lifestyle changes won - hands down

Here's what they found...
tinyurl.com/yjev6dbtImage
The clinical trial was conducted in the Marshall Islands, which has the seventh-highest diabetes prevalence globally. There were 169 participants... Image
Image
The country’s high prevalence has been partially attributed to its increased reliance on imported foods, including white rice, refined four, sugar-sweetened beverages and canned meats... Image
A whole-food, plant-based lifestyle intervention plus moderate exercise (PB+Ex) was much more effective for improving glycaemic control than standard medicines. It also reduced the need for diabetes and cardiovascular medications... Image
Compared with medicines, the lifestyle change decreased HbA1c by an additional 14 mmol/mol (1.3%) at week 12 and 8 mmol/mol (0.7%) at week 24... Image
63% of those who changes their lifestyle and also took medicines reduced the dose or frequency of their glucose-lowering medications... Image
The diet+exercise group also had lower body weight, C-reactive protein and cardiovascular medication use compared with standard medical care.... Image
Here's the summary: Image
We all know a healthy diet + exercise is beneficial but this study clearly shows lifestyle changes can be even better than medicines in treating type 2 diabetes, and they improve cardiovascular health biomarkers as well 🥑🏃🏻‍♀️💪
The prescribed diet was high in fibre (35 g/4184 kJ), low in fat (20–25% of energy; saturated fat <7% of energy), moderate in protein (10–15% of energy) and low sodium...
During weeks 1–2, PB+Ex participants received 12 prepared meals/week and were instructed to consume no animal products & minimal ground grains & refined carbohydrates...
The PB+Ex group was instructed to do moderate intensity aerobic & resistance exercise 60 min/day during wks 1–2 and 30–60 min/day during wks 3–24 & counseled to walk 10–20 min before breakfast & after lunch and dinner (end)

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More from @davidasinclair

David Sinclair Profile picture
May 12
How healthy are your gums? New study finds a significant genetic overlap between gene variants for gum disease and age acceleration

How might gums affect aging & how do I maintain excellent oral health? 🦷🧵 Image
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by the accumulation of bacterial biofilms (plaque) on teeth, resulting in inflammation, swelling, bleeding & regression of gums Image
About half of all US adults have periodontitis. Severe periodontitis has a prevalence of approximately 11% globally Image
Read 10 tweets
David Sinclair Profile picture
May 10
NEW STUDY: It's dogma that fasting is good for you because it increases autophagy, the recycling of cell parts. But in the largest study ever, 6 months of time-restricted eating (TRE) or calorie restriction (CR) did not increase autophagy

Huh? Is fasting still worth it? ... 🧵 Image
121 humans with obesity who were randomized to standard care (SC), calorie restriction (CR) or intermittent fasting plus time-restricted eating (iTRE), the largest study to measure human autophagy in response to a nutritional intervention Image
Autophagy, which means "self-eating," is the process where cells break down and recycle their own components, like damaged proteins and organelles, to generate energy and building blocks Image
Read 16 tweets
David Sinclair Profile picture
May 9
NEW STUDY: Intermittent fasting improves fertility -not by improving sperm - but by making mice hornier

Does this happen in people?
@Cell_MetabolismImage
In humans, aging is well-known to promote HSDD*, a syndrome characterized by low sexual desire associated with psychological stress

*(Hypoactive sexual desire disorder) Image
Mice underwent every other day (EOD) feeding from 8 weeks of age, which a lot of time without food for a little mouse 🐭🧀 Image
Read 15 tweets
David Sinclair Profile picture
May 8
Longevity is built one good habit at a time. Here are 5 habits to start today: 🧵 Image
1. Eat within a shorter time window (2 to 5 years extra) 🍽️ I try to eat one meal or a late lunch and early dinner. A 4-8 hour time window can activate longevity genes and increase insulin sensitivity Image
2. Buy a standing desk (+2 years)🧍‍♀️Sitting is the new smoking. Weakness in the hips and a lack of balance is a leading cause of death and lower back pain is the leading cause of disability globally. Remember: we are physically not designed to sit for hours Image
Read 8 tweets
David Sinclair Profile picture
May 5
NEW PAPER @biorxivpreprint Brain aging is associated with a "shift toward stress-responsive programs & a progressive loss of cell identity with aging" consistent with The Information Theory of Aging
tinyurl.com/2zc85kbaImage
"Epigenetic aging is also reversible process, as expression of pluripotency factors (OSK(M)), activation of SIRT6, and modulation of other histone modifying enzymes 1have been shown to mitigate certain aging phenotypes." Image
However, prior studies on brain aging largely rely on bulk tissue analyses (no single cells), which obscure cell-intrinsic aging effects and fail to capture regulatory changes across different brain cell types and regions
Read 7 tweets
David Sinclair Profile picture
Apr 23
The polyphenol fisetin found in strawberries clears senescent cells in diabetic mice to prevent aortic aging. Combined with metformin it shows even better effects 🍓🧵 Image
Fisetin (Aladdin, CAS: 528-48-3, Powder Purity: ≥ 95%) was prepared in 60% Phosal 50 PG, 30% PEG400, and 10% ethanol. Fisetin or vehicle was administered in mice by oral gavage Image
The old mice were administered with vehicle or 100 mg/kg/d fisetin for 3 consecutive days once monthly
Read 4 tweets

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