This is the only thing you need to read about tariffs to understand Bitcoin for 2025. This is undoubtedly my highest conviction macro trade for the year: Plaza Accord 2.0 is coming.
Bookmark this and revisit as the financial war unravels sending Bitcoin violently higher.
For my mobile readers:
To understand tariffs today, there are two contexts you have to frame the conversation in: 1) the curse of the Triffin dilemma, and 2) Trump’s personal goals. By analyzing both, the end game becomes clear: tariffs might be just a temporary tool, but the permanent conclusion is that Bitcoin is not only going higher—but faster.
First, the Triffin dilemma: The US dollar status as a reserve currency gives the US what is called “exorbitant privilege” in financial transactions/trade, and it has a few implications: 1) the dollar is structurally overvalued due to its need to be held as reserves by other countries in a price-inelastic manner, 2) the US has to run a persistent trade balance deficit to supply the world with those dollars, and 3) the US government therefore can borrow persistently cheaper than it should be able to. The US wants to keep #3, but rid #1 and #2–but how? Enter tariffs.
Recognize that tariffs are often a temporary negotiation tool to achieve a goal. The ultimate goal is to seek a multi-lateral agreement to weaken the dollar, essentially a Plaza Accord 2.0. One hypothetical way this could happen is that the US would explicitly specify that countries have to reduce their dollar reserves, while also requiring them to shift the duration of the UST holding further out. In other words, Trump is trying to find a way to implement a “YCC, not YCC” strategy within the realms of the executive branch. No doubt Bessent is on board, recognizing that he was left a bag of trash by Yellen, whose legacy will have been the near-permanent impairment of the Treasury’s ability to manage duration by doubling the proportion of debt financing to T-bills (adding fake liquidity), exposing the US to the mercy of the whims of refinancing– idiotically while interest rates were beginning to rise. The cost to US taxpayers here cannot be understated.
As a result, the US is charting a path to achieve the holy grail of fiat alchemy: lower dollar and lower yield.
This brings me to my second point: I have shared before that Trump’s #1 goal is to lower the 10y rate, the reason being that his own bags depend upon it: real estate. His obsession with Powell cutting short-term rates, then realizing it is not working, is the catalyst. Never doubt the uncomplicated incentives of the transparently profit-motivated, and align yourself next to him. Mark my words: the 10y is going to go down, whatever it takes.
The asset to own therefore is Bitcoin. In a world of weaker dollar and weaker US rates, something broken pundits will tell you is impossible (because they can’t model statecraft), risk assets in the US will fly through the roof beyond your wildest imagination, for it is likely a giant tax cut will have to accompany the higher costs borne by the loss of comparative advantage. The tariff costs, most likely through higher inflation, will be shared by both US and trade partners, but the relative impact will be much heavier on foreigners. These countries then will have to find a way to fend off their weak growth issues leading to stimulating the economy through monetary and fiscal policies that ultimately cause currency debasement. The outraged citizens of these countries will experience a mini-financial crisis and look for alternatives. And unlike the 1970s when the world was largely offline, today we are not only online–we are onchain. So while both sides of the trade imbalance equation will want Bitcoin for two different reasons, the end result is the same: higher, violently faster—for we are at war.
TLDR: You simply have not yet grasped how amazing a sustained tariff war is going to be for Bitcoin in the long run.
Here is a one-of-a-kind reference material from last summer, where I had the honor to host a lively conversation between @SalehaMohsin and @resistancemoney on this very topic:
I know the price action has been disappointing in the short term. But that's why I posted the best trade was actually "long vol" on Friday. IV went up from 40 to 60(!) in 2 days. Trading isn't always directional, there's many different ways to make money.
So here's my final post to end this thread. If there is one consistent advice I've been hammering into your brain, you should now be equipped with all the power and knowledge to intuit what the next perfect trade is. Leverage all the insights regarding the structural mispricing of long-dated very OTM calls👇
When the US went off gold in 1971, Nixon imposed a 10% universal tariff on all imports to pressure trade partners into accepting devaluation w/o retaliation.
But before declaring tariffs are inherently bad, consider how US trade continued to dominate the global economy first.
The global economy is a complex fluid system. It’s possible shock tariffs can reduce demand for dollars and lower trade deficit, weakening the global dollar supply-demand dynamics. It likely will drive inflation higher, but with the right Fed policies, can also weaken the dollar.
On the other hand, if the dangerous game of brinkmanship fails and results in retaliatory policies violently abrupt global growth, it may create an uncontrollable “flight to safety” where investors demand for UST and associated funding can push the dollar higher as well.
When realized volatility goes up for all assets, the value proposition of BTC volatility goes down on a relative basis. Ie the cost of capital to hold BTC increases.
Then as LT rates rise as a source of competition for that same capital, BTC cost of capital increases even more.
This is one of the many technical reasons, in addition to global liquidity indicators and the collateral multiplier, why the rise in MOVE coinciding with a rise in LT nominal rate is bad for risk assets, but particularly for Bitcoin.
Rising DXY is the universal chaos agent as the global carry system crumbles with a strong $. CT bulls keeping that Trump's SBR announcement will be an upward catalyst aren't realizing the path dependence in which Trump can't push SBR if the global financial order implodes first.
the danger zone is actually the Jan-10 expiry, not Jan-17
there is an aggregate 2bn (3.5bn OI) delta to the upside with about 100mm in gamma
if you zoom out, theres another 500mm spot notional at $780 strike. believe it or not, the delta on this is 40d. 👀
combine that set up with $1.7bn of option delta on $MSTX on the 1/7 OTC expiry alone which needs to be rolled - you have a lot of moving pieces over the week. Theres of course the 700mm swap delta that can also grow significantly if there is an upside melt up, for which the dealers are all looking to source the long exposure via stock
1/ NYDIG, a Stone Ridge subsidiary, announced that they are looking to capitalize on Bitcoin-backed loans financed via insurance float. This is a prime example of how the asset management system can be gamed.
How does this this regulatory arbitrage work? An important thread 🧵:
2/ First, the reinsurance business can be extremely lucrative, even better than the regular non-life P&C insurance business. There are various factors but the two most important differentiators are 1) portfolio yield, and 2) tax as per below model.
3/ Insurance companies are often subject to stricter solvency requirements because they directly serve policyholders. Reinsurers may operate in jurisdictions with more flexible capital requirements but are subject to counterparty credit risk assessments by insurers. The trade off:
As the year comes to a close, I’ve taken some time to reflect on the posts I’ve shared with my alpha-seeking community. 2024 was an incredible year filled with opportunities and personally, one of my most satisfying.
Here are my top 5 best and worst calls of 2024 👇
1. In May, I recommended a tactical ETH put spread for less than 1% of capital, anticipating that the ETH ETF news was overhyped. The trade ultimately delivered a staggering 700%+ return if held to maturity.
Making 'bearish' calls is never easy—especially on CT—but that’s exactly why I take pride in this one. Trading isn’t just about holding fundamental conviction; it’s about knowing when to read the room and act decisively.
2. In March, I was among the first—if not the very first—to highlight the "infinite reflexivity of the capital structure" of $MSTR and its untapped potential. This was well ahead of the converts that would follow and nearly nine months before mainstream outlets like the @WSJ caught on.
This call wasn’t just about making a precise tactical trade—it was about identifying a paradigm shift before the crowd and grasping novel mechanisms that the world hadn’t yet begun to understand. That's what CIO-level thinking is ultimately about.
2/ we're going to walk through the live example now that i suggested and the post-mortem. the first trade i suggested on 11/22 was to sell 400 call. explanation below:
3/ what happened? MSTR had a historic rip. at one point the 400 call was deeply ITM (when MSTR peaked as high as 550). it looked like this was a bad trade (it wasn't the best but more on this later), and people were quick to light the house on fire.
what actually happened? MSTR closed on 11/22 at 421, so actually it was only a $10 loss.